Catalogue No. 71

1-1. “This is the way these pretty innocent looking creatures talk when by themselves....”

Rather remarkable, lengthy A.L.S. (twice) of a teenage F(rancis) S(cott) K(ey) - also referring to himself within the text as “Frank Key,” n.p. but possibly Annapolis, Apr. 3, 1798, 3 full pp., 6 ¹/4 x 7 ³/4. To his friend John Leeds Kerr. Despite his recent graduation from college, the young Key remained a Romeo with the ladies, and a prankster as well. Here he whispers his admiration for an unnamed lady (perhaps his future wife, Mary Tayloe Lloyd, here only 13 years old), and describes in detail a prank he pulled on one of his female friends. In part: “I will thank you to deliver the inclosed letter to Goldsborough. I lately received a pressing invitation from him to visit Myrtle Grove. I should like very much to accompany Uncle [Philip Barton] Key, but he thinks I am so idle & worthless, that I would not propose it to him...I met --- [his correspondent would have recognized her name] this morning walking. She grows more beautiful & more engaging the more I become acquainted with her. I see her now pretty often.

“I desire you will burn this letter the moment you have read it & never tell to any person what I am now going to tell you. I ought not to tell it, but it is so good a thing I can’t help it. I was some time ago at Mrs. Lloyds, Maria & myself were standing at the door about 9 o’clock at night. Mrs. Murray’s carriage drove to the door. We agreed to go to Mr. Cooke’s in it. Accordingly we got in, & Maria proposed to me to hide myself under the seat of the carriage & that she would call Betsy in, & begin to talk to her. When we got there Maria asked for Miss Betsy, who came into the carriage & sat down, little thinking who was there. ‘Betsy,’ says Maria, ‘have you heard that we are talked of all over town, about our romping in the mud this morning?’ ‘No,’ replies Betsy, ‘who told you?’ ‘Why,’ says Maria, ‘Frank Key told me.’ Betsy then began, ‘Well damn Frank Key, nobody else saw us but him, I dare say he told it, damn his little soul. I wish I had him here, I’d give it to him, G-d damn him, I say - I’ll pay him for it if I catch him. Is he at your house now?’ ‘Here he is,’ says Maria. I then discovered myself which I was very near doing sooner for I could scarcely contain my laughter. She looked a little foolish for the first two or three times I saw her afterwards, but she appears to have got quite over it now. This is the way these pretty innocent looking creatures talk when by themselves. I have not heard from Lomax. He writes to Thomas, Washington & everybody but me...Old Wallace’s wedding I’ve no doubt surprized you. He runs & jumps about the Streets like a Child....” It is possible that Maria was Anna Maria Murray, sister of Key’s close friend Daniel Murray. Key’s uncle, who thought him “so idle & worthless,” was Philip Barton Key, under whom Francis studied law. A Loyalist during the Revolution, Philip Key was Mayor of Annapolis around the time Francis penned this letter. Francis and his addressee here, John Kerr, were lifetime friends; both graduated from the same college in Annapolis. Also a lawyer, Kerr spent his career in Maryland officialdom. Once separated at some folds, meticulously mended with acid-free tape by a previous custodian; minor edge chipping along right vertical edge, affecting bits of five words; occasional show-through of Key’s rich brown ink, else very good. Splendid for display, the “key” sentence, “burn this letter...,” prominent on page 1. The only Key autograph we have seen calling himself “Frank Key”; almost all of the Key items we have handled over the years have been later legal documents. Apart from three other letters to Kerr, sold at Heritage in 2006, the other five Key letters in RareBookHub’s nearly 14 million historical records are 1812 or later. Probably a singular rarity thus. $900-1400

1-2. On Thanksgiving: “Divisions were fomented in our States...and shook even the basis of our national existence....”

Exceedingly rare, eloquent pamphlet, “A Discourse Delivered in the first parish in Portsmouth [N.H.], Nov. 15, 1798, A Day Observed As an Anniversary Thanksgiving.” by Joseph Buckminster. Printed by John Melcher, Portsmouth, 1798, 21 pp., 5 x 8. Expressing thanks to George Washington, with references to John Adams, the Constitution, and “God’s loving kindness...,” especially for protecting “the first settlers of this country, (who) had to enter a wilderness filled with beasts of prey, and with tribes of savages, whose tender mercies are cruelty (and) in his supporting and defending us in our revolutionary war and granting us independence and peace...Divisions were fomented in our States...and shook even the basis of our national existence...In this period in the world, in which there seems to be a very general dereliction of moral and religious principle, God had furnished us with men, to set at the head of our public affairs, but who also fear God...The fame of our late President [Washington] has covered the world...While an Adams presides over our national affairs, we need not fear that our liberties will be, insidiously, taken from us....” Decrying “the shameless and tyrannic exactions of the Romish hierarchy.” Anti-French sentiment, for “intirely obliterating the Sabbath from their Kalendar, and prohibiting those that would retain the memory of the day, from meeting for worship, or having their bells rung to call them together.” Uniform toning, including two diagonal bands on half-title from custom flaps, mousechew at blank lower right corner of first two leaves, affecting no text; disbound, minor edge chipping, else about very good. Evans 33470. In lovely custom-made folding slipcase made c. 1971, black pinseal leatherette, period-style fishscale lining, gilt title, in choice condition. Rare Book Hub finds no examples at auction or in classic dealers’ catalogues, among their nearly 14 million records, 1858-present. $250-300

1-3. A Gift Package of Letters of Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson, and other “distinguished men of a past age.”

Antebellum A.L.S. of prominent Virginia jurist John W. Brockenbrough, founder in 1849 of what is today Washington and Lee University’s School of Law, and future member of Confederate Congress. A member, with Pres. Tyler, of the 1861 Peace Conference, it was Brockenbrough, as postwar Rector of then-Washington College, who approached Robert E. Lee to offer its Presidency. Lexington, Va., Feb. 26, 1848, 9 x 11 ¹/4, 1 full p. “I send you by the mail...a package of original letters [not present!] addressed by distinguished men of a past age to my great kinsman, the late Judge Roane of Virginia. The correspondents of Judge Roane whose letters are now sent me, Patrick Henry... Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, William Wirt, James Barbour, Edmund Randolph, Gen. J. Wilkinson, Gov. Tyler, Jr., George Hay...and my father. To remove all doubt as to the authenticity of the letters, it may be proper to say that they have been taken indiscriminately from a large mass of similar letters addressed to Judge Roane, & that they came into possession of my father as the Executor of Judge Roane...Each letter has a brief endorsement in Judge Roane’s handwriting...Some of them contain interesting discussions of public questions which agitated the popular mind in days gone by, but they are chiefly valuable as the autographs of men whose learning and talents have made a permanent impression on the age in which they lived...I beg you, my dear Sir, to accept the small offering now made as a tribute of a friendship which has been cherished for years....” (Regrettably the letters are not present.) Interestingly, contemporary pencil check marks appear next to each name, the fortunate recipient evidently reconciling his new collection. Roane’s son married Patrick Henry’s daughter; “Roane reportedly destroyed many papers before his death (in 1822)”--The Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Lipscomb and Bergh, eds., Vol. 15. One can only imagine what else there was! Some tattering at right margin, affecting part of one word, old folds, some toning, else good plus, and a splendid conversation piece, from the dawn of autograph collecting in America, predating even most of the Jared Sparks correspondence we have handled; the first American autograph dealer, generally believed to have been Charles Burns of New York City, did not commence business til about 1864. $130-170

1-4. Invoice of a Noted Maker of Playing Cards – 1800.

Intriguing manuscript invoice for playing cards, card-maker Amos Whitney & Co., Boston, Nov. 22, 1800,7 ³/4 x 9 ³/4. Given on consignment to a noted ship captain,probably intended for sale in Cuba. For “four GrossSpanish Playing Cards ship’d. by Amos Whitney & Co. onboard the Brig New Adventure, Joshua Delano, Master,amounting to $216 & consigned to s(ai)d Delano for salesat the Risk of s(ai)d Whitney & Co. Delano to make nocharge of freight or commission as an equivalent to theRisk. The above sum to be first paid (to) Whitney & Co. &the net profits if any to be divided equally. 48 Doz.Spanish Playing Cards @ 37[¢] – $216.00....” Lacking blanklower right corner, caramel spotting (perhaps from its sea voyage), some bookworm holes, else satisfactory, and fairly darkly penned. The New Adventure had been a privateer in the Revolution War, usually registered in Salem, Mass. In the turn-of-century period, the tables turned, and the brig became one of the American ships preyed upon by French privateers. It is unclear whether this consignment of playing cards was penned with a forward-looking date, when they would be delivered to Capt. Delano – as records indicate that he died in Havana on Apr. 2, 1800, at age 31. Whitney began making cards before 1790. A History of Playing Cards in America notes that his ace of spades “is the most interesting one we know. It shows...the early official eagle of Paul Revere...(and) the prim New England injunction, ‘Use but Don’t Abuse Me’....” To reduce the marking of cards, Whitney would print on their versos. A lucrative business, Ben Franklin had also manufactured cards; Washington and Jefferson were avid card players, the latter while cloistered writing the Declaration of Independence. In all, a very scarce item. Modern research accompanies. $175-225

1-5. The First Nail Factory in America – 1795.

Pair of documents, signed by a number of notable early New Yorkers: The bond evidently providing financing for the first nail factory in the United States. New York City, Aug. 5, 1795, for £4,000 (note not dollars), for Josiah H. Pierson’s “Manufactory of Nails...”; it would be built in Ramapo, N.Y., the village growing around them. 7 ³/4 x 12 ¹/2, 2 pp. Signed by inventor Josiah G. Pierson, together with David Gelston, Wm. Boyd, and Wm. Bogardus as witness, and on verso by Rich(ar)d Varick (while Mayor of N.Y.C.), Henry Rutgers, Gerard Bancker, James Kent, et al. A significant figure in the history of American technology, Pierson had a nail business, arduously making them by hand, using iron imported from Russia. His invention of a machine for making cut nails – the first ever used in America – had a revolutionary influence, “...increasing the product to an unlimited extent, effecting in a marked degree the building and other industries depending on this one article of manufacture. Previous to this...the labor of hundreds of mechanics was required to produce the output of a single machine. It is no exaggeration to say that hundreds of millions of dollars have been saved...by this labor-saving invention”--Fulfillment of Three Remarkable Prophecies in the History of The Great Empire State [of N.Y.]..., by Henry Whittemore, 1909, pp. 62-63. • David Gelston, born July 4, 1744, was an important Long Island merchant, signer of Articles of Association, father-in-law of Signer William Floyd, delegate to last session of Continental Congress, and Collector of Port of N.Y. • Richard Varick was an aide to Benedict Arnold, then private secretary to George Washington. • Henry Rutgers was a leading patriot in both the Revolution and War of 1812, wealthy Manhattan landowner, and namesake of Rutgers University. • Gerard Bancker was Deputy Treasurer of N.Y., 1776-78, then N.Y. State Treasurer til 1798; he may be best remembered for his major collection of Revolutionary War era broadsides, sold at auction in 1898. • James Kent, Yale class of 1781, first Prof. of Law at Columbia, Chief Justice of N.Y., author of the still-cited Commentaries on American Law, and the founding father of American equity law. Old waterstains, mouse nibble at blank lower right, else very good.

With, beautifully penned indenture, Apr. 4, 1795, 9 ¹/2 x 15, 3 pp., scalloped top, between David Pixley of Tioga County, N.Y., and Daniel A. Wheeler, Oliver Crocker, and Josiah G. Pierson, for land in Union, Tioga County. Seven signatures in all. Weak at one fold, some toning, good plus. It seems inarguable that without Pierson’s nailmaking machine, and his ensuing successful industrial empire, life would have been very different as the nineteenth century dawned. $950-1450 (2 pcs.)

1-6. Signed Nine Times by Tavern-Keeper who Hosted Aaron Burr.

Manuscript bond signed nine times by Rockland County, N.Y. pioneer John Suffern, here of the town of New Antrim. June 13, 1795, 2 pp., 8 ¹/2 x 13 ¹/2. Also signed by borrowers Timothy Tryon and Josiah G. Pierson, the latter probably borrowing for his new Ramapo “manufactory of nails,” which would revolutionize American life and industry (see preceding lot). Suffern has signed nine times, once per year, over a span of nine years, for receipt of annual interest on a loan of “five hundred pounds Current Lawful money of the State of New York....” The different inks used and variations in Suffern’s signature are interesting. An additional signature heavily crossed out, presumably upon satisfaction of debt. New Antrim was named for John Suffern’s home town in Ireland. The village of Suffern – founded by him the year following this document – is in the modern-day town of Ramapo, N.Y. His home and tavern hosted Burr, George Clinton, Alexander Hamilton, and Rochambeau during the Revolution, and was likely visited by Washington and many other patriots. Waterstained at folds, with some lightening, but good plus. Rare thus. $750-950

1-7. Member of the Famed Boudinot Family of New Jersey.

A.L.S. of E(lisha) Boudinot, brother of Elias, both early supporters of the Revolution, sometimes known as “the Brothers Boudinot.” Elisha was Sec. of the Council of Safety in 1778, through his spy informing Washington about British ships lurking in New York harbor; “involved with many important personages of the time, and entertained... George Washington and Alexander Hamilton at his Newark home...”--jerseyhistory.org. Elisha studied law under his brother Elias, who became a “Pres. of the U.S. in Congress Assembled,” signing the Peace Treaty with Great Britain in 1783, and Washington’s Attorney General. (Newark, N.J.), Jan. 4, (17)97 – the year that Elisha’s wife and mother of their eleven children would die; in 1798, Boudinot would ascend to the N.J. Supreme Court. 6 ¹/2 x 8. To wealthy, New Jersey-born merchant Nicholas Low. “We found no board to adjourn, therefore have concluded to call a special meeting. You need not come over on Friday as Gen. Cummings requested. Yours in haste....” Low helped finance the Revolution, and was an early director of Bank of New York. Docketed, perhaps by Low. File-toning along blank top edge, warm cream toning of letter, minor wear at top and bottom of vertical fold, affecting no text, else very satisfactory. A talented family, Boudinot’s sister, Annis, was the first woman poet published in the American colonies; his brother-in-law, Richard Stockton, was a Signer. $150-200

1-8. Business done by a Small-Town Post Office in 1810: $5.

Partly printed letter from Assistant Post-Master Gen., General Post-Office, Washington, Nov. 23, 1810, to Postmaster of Ark Port, N.Y., 7 ³/4 x 9 ³/4. Acknowledging receipt of last quarter’s Post Office business – $5. Signed by D. Shoemaker, Clerk. Brown “Washn. City” c.d.s. and straight-line “Free” on integral address-leaf. File toning, minor fold junction wear, else good plus. $30-40

1-9. When New England States threatened Secession – 1814.

Pamphlet, “An Appeal to the Good Sense of the Democrats and the Public Spirit of the Federalists, by a Citizen of Mass.” Boston, 1814, 5 ¹/2 x 9 ¹/4, 23 pp. A bitter critique of the Federalists’ political opponents for the War of 1812, nearly every sentence bringing accusation and invective. Authorship attributed by Sabin to “Phillips,” a Mass. lawyer and Federalist, possibly William Phillips, Jr. Penned at top, “Hon. Geo. Cabot,” presumed his copy (though not yet known whether in his hand). Dropping out of Harvard to go to sea at age 15, within six years Cabot captained his own ship. During the Revolution, Cabot family ships served as privateers; he is credited with persuading Hancock and Sam Adams to support ratification of the new Constitution. With Alexander Hamilton and John Adams, he was a founding member of the new nation’s first political party, the Federalists. Chairing the secretive 1814 meeting of the Hartford Convention - which stopped short of calling for secession of New England states - Cabot drew the ire of those seeking dissolution of the Union. The present pamphleteer writes with an acid pen: “...Look at the pitiful officers of government, by whom we are everywhere surrounded, betraying and disgracing the public, wasting its resources, injuring and insulting its citizens...look at our finances, concerning which so many pompous, silly things have been said and believed among the people...look at the inventory of your own property and your means of employment...Members of Congress have displayed a heady extravagance, and wanton perversity...They have abridged the independence...of the judiciary...They have enacted laws destructive of commerce and industry; they have authorized their bailiffs and catch-polls to intermeddle in the private concerns of well-disposed citizens, to violate their property and personal liberty; and not content with enacting absurd, tyrannical, and pernicious laws...enormous and unheard of penalties...The treasury is exhausted...”--pp. 5-7. Much, much more. The Hartford Convention was the downfall of the Federalists. First eight leaves frayed in blank margin where separated at spine, some dust-toning; balance with some edge wear, else good plus. Sabin 62529. Not in Eberstadt or Decker. Very scarce. $90-120

1-10. On the End of the War of 1812: The Democrats “have a great deal more wisdom....”

Lengthy A.L.S. of E(lijah) Parish, collaborator with Jedidiah Morse on the first American geographies and gazetteers, Byfield (Mass.), penned over the course of three days, Mar. (22)-24, 1815. The previous month, the Treaty of Ghent ended the War of 1812, its aftermath here providing the angst for his pen. To his friend and fellow clergyman Rev. J(edidiah) Morse, Charlestown (Mass.). 7 x 9 ¹/2, 3 pp., integral address-leaf, no postal markings. Though a staunch Federalist - the party of Washington and Adams - Parish has here become disillusioned. Within his lifetime the Federalist Party would be born and then vanish. His underlinings for emphasis are italicized here: “The war - I dare not trust myself to speak of it. Its termination in howlings & ululations of joy is as stupid as its course had been wicked. J. Randolph is just, when he says the miseries and disgrace of the war are lost in the joy of peace. Shameful Federalists! I see at present but little differences in the two parties. The Democrats have the spirit of a little bolder d[evi]l, but they have a great deal more ‘wisdom’ & address. Democracy now rests on pillars of many marble mountains...I shall neither vex the world, nor weary myself, with any more political opinions. Federalism has no ‘redeeming spirits’ in itself; Federalism has ceased to be Federalism. Since I thought it was a dispute about principles, & I certainly was most sincere in my feeble efforts, it is now a dispute about presidential measures, a mere question of loss & gain. I have many things to say about this - but pen & ink are not the proper vehicles of conveyance...I have read your sermon & find it as I expected. You do not forget your friends, the Boston clergy....” An additional page and a half follow. A fiery patriot, “in 1810 (Parish) delivered the annual election sermon, in which he assailed the National administration with such acrimony that the legislature declined to print the discourse. It was published by subscription (Boston), and widely circulated...Some of his violent political sermons were quoted by Mathew Carey in his Olive Branch...Parish published...conjointly with Rev. Jedidiah Morse, a Gazetteer of the Eastern and Western Continents (1802); Compendious History of New England; and Sacred Geography, or Gazetteer of the Bible. He was the sole author of A New System of Modern Geography, or a General Description of all the Considerable Countries of the World (1810)...”--Appleton’s Cyclopædia of American Biography, p. 647. As Parish penned this letter, Madison, the Democratic-Republican target of Parish’s vitriol, would remain in office til 1817. In variable coffee-and-cream ink, his pen perhaps unable to keep up with his hand as the words poured forth onto paper; two semicircular fragments lacking where opened at red wax seal, wrapping onto p. 1, and affecting a few words on three written pp., else average handling, and good plus. Docketing presumed in Morse’s hand. Unusual. Parish material is very scarce. Not in Sanders. $230-270

1-11. Elusive Autograph of Mayor of Old New Orleans – 1816.

Highly attractive D.S. of “Aug. Macarty maire” (Mayor) of “Nouvelle-Orleans,” 1816 – the year following Andrew Jackson’s victory over the British. 7 ³/4 x 9 ¹/2 oblong, partly printed. “Mandat de Payement” in which Treasurer of city pays Augustin Gouvan “dix piastres.” Signed by Gouvan with crude “X.” Toned, break but no separation at fold in blank lower right corner, else very good. Macarty’s autograph is evidently very rare. ArchiveGrid, Google, and WorldCat offer no results. RareBookHub reports nothing signed by Macarty, c. 1858-present. $250-325

1-12. Antebellum Vicksburg to New Orleans.

Stampless cover, good black “Vicksburg, Mi(ss.) / Apr 8” c.d.s., black straightline “Paid,” pink manuscript “18 ³/4.” To “Rev. Benj. Chase, New Orleans, La., Care Messrs. Lawrence & Hill.” Docketed “H.B. Brewster Letter, Apr. 8, 1839” (not present). Chase was a noted Boston minister who spent much of his life in the South; twenty years before, he had deplored New Orleans’ Charity Hospital as a “deep disgrace to any civilized or Christian country” (modern copy accompanies). Chase donated 15,000 acres in Texas to Austin College; he would be called “the oldest Presbyterian clergyman of the Southwest,” referring to his long residency in Natchez. Minor wrinkles and handling, else pleasing cream toning, and about fine. $45-60

1-13. Governor of Mississippi – and Mexico City.

A.L.S. of (Maj. Gen.) J(ohn) A. Quitman, n.p. but evidently Washington, D.C., Jan. 16, 1856, 4 ¹/2 x 7 ¹/2. “The Globe office will please send to my rooms over 242 Pen(n)a. Ave. two hundred copies of today’s Globe containing my remarks.” Penned as Congressman from Mississippi; previously Gov. of both Miss. and Mexico City (though not at the same time!); Brig. Gen. under Zachary Taylor in Mexican War, and advocate of North Carolina’s nullification doctrine. Nicely inlaid, old dealer’s catalogue description mounted at top, both probably late 19th century, perhaps Charles De F. Burns of N.Y., the leading (and for a time the only) autograph dealer in America before about 1885. Glue-brush stains at top and bottom horizontal, large period ink check mark and pencilled word “Sent,” else about fine. Quitman was one of three Congressmen to succumb to “National Hotel disease,” an enduring mystery surrounding Pres. Buchanan’s residency and inauguration at that Pennsylvania Avenue establishment, which sickened up to 400. The Hotel’s proximity to his “rooms” in this letter remain a mystery as well. $110-140

1-14. Originator of Color Designations for Birds.

A.L.S. of R(obert) Ridgway, “Curator Dept. (of) Birds” also in his hand, on letterhead of United States National Museum, Smithsonian Institution - their first full-time Curator of Birds, serving 1869-1929, compiler of the epic 8-volume The Birds of North and Middle America, originator of color designations for birds still used today, and prolific bird artist and writer. He was “unmatched in the number of American bird species that he described for science --wikipedia. Washington, Apr. 7, 1888, 6 ¹/4 x 9 ³/4. To Dr. B.H. Warren, West Chester, Pa.; signed by Warren on verso. “...The skins of Grackles which you propose to send us would be very acceptable, and we would be glad to exchange for them specimens of such western and northern species as we may possess duplicates of. The Bronzed Grackle has been entered in the Museum register as a gift from you, for which you will in due time receive an official acknowledgement.” Possibly trimmed, foxing at bottom, else very good. $70-90

1-15. Mr. and Mrs. Tom Thumb Collection.

Splendid assemblage, 6 items, gathered by a prominent collector, including his-and-hers autographs: Presentation signature with inscription, “Compliments of Charles S. Stratton, known as General Tom Thumb, April 22, 1860.” Centered on 5 x 8 cream lettersheet, finely blind-embossed stationer’s crest. Half-dollar-size stain at blank lower left, else very fine and attractive. • Signature with inscription, “Compliments of Mrs. Charles S. Stratton, Bridgeport, Conn., U.S.A.” 2 ¹/2 x 2 ³/4. Rich brown ink. Mounted on green paper. Minor toning, but attractive and very good. • Brass token depicting “General Tom Thumb / 15 lbs. weight.” On verso of 1850 “Victoria Regina” coin. ⁷/8”. Light wear, numismatic very fine, with pleasing dual brass and brown-black toning. • Carte photo, Anthony/Brady, with caption printed in gold leaf, “Mr. & Mrs. General Tom Thumb in their wedding costume(s).” Printed signatures on verso. Two lower corners diced, tan staining at top edge, else very good plus. • Cabinet photo, with ink caption in another hand on verso, “Mrs. Gen. Tom Thumb, Count and Baron Magri - The three smallest people in the World - Port Jervis [N.Y.] Opera House, Feb. 28, 1903....” On mount with Springvale, Maine photographer’s imprint. Chip at blank edge of image, several creases, some soiling but good. • Booklet, Gen. Tom Thumb’s Three Years’ Tour Around the World..., by Sylvester Bleeker, N.Y., 1872. Pub. by P.T. Barnum. 4 ¹/2 x 7 ¹/4, 144 pp., many woodcuts. Remains of front and back covers mounted on later yellow wrapper, edge chipping of endleaf and title page, else about very good. In mailing envelope of a Fifth Avenue book shop, postmarked 1944. All ex-Alton Ketchum, celebrated advertising copywriter and creative director, author, collector, antiquarian, and scholar. $475-600 (6 pcs.)

1-16. Cigar Store Cloth Advertising Sign.

Poster-style, judged c. 1902-10, 22 x 26. Cherry red and black on white. Fine cotton backing, as made, for durability as store display. Imprint of Hennegan Co., Cincinnati. “Ask for Union Made / Blue Label Cigars.” “Sept. 1880” within image of specimen “Union-Made Cigars” wrapper: “Issued by Authority of Cigar Makers’ International Union of America - Union-Made Cigars - This Certifies that the Cigars contained in this box have been made by a First-Class Workman, a member of the Cigar Makers’ International Union..., an organization devoted to advancement of the moral, material and intellectual welfare of the craft...G.W. Perkins, Pres....” “First-Class Workman” was understood to mean that the cigars were hand-made by a skilled maker. The “Sept. 1880” date was added to the design in 1888 (and actually persisted in use til 1974). A bold effort to promote union-made cigars, at the height of the growth of labor unions. Perkins was Pres. of the Union from about 1891-1927. Founded in 1864, the fledgling union twice collapsed in unsuccessful strikes. Entering the fray, Samuel Gompers, himself a skilled cigar-maker, helped build the union into a powerhouse, developing formidable political influence. Publicizing the abuses of the tenement house system - a kind of company-town arrangement hiding in plain sight in the slums of New York - the union’s membership leapt from some 131 members in 1877, to 10,000 by 1883. The story of the Cigar Makers’ Union reflects the texture of American urban life approaching the new century, populated with corrupt politicians, a split into a rival Progressive (i.e., Socialist) union, Communists, strikes, walkouts, clashes with Chinese cigar makers, economic panics, and more. By 1931, the last U.S.-based cigar factory still using the hand-rolled techniques promoted by the Union closed its doors. Printer Hennegan became one of top sheetfed color shops in America, in business til 2020. Strong color. Old quarter folds, minor rub, else apparently unused, very good plus, and highly suited for display. Very scarce. $200-275

2-1. Arrest two Plymouth Men who “so unjustly Refuse” to Pay Debt – 1714.

William Little A.D.S., Clerk, Scituate, Plymouth County (Mass. Bay Colony), Sept. 4, 1714. “To ye Sheriff of our County of Plym(outh),” to arrest Stephen and David Briant of Plymouth, seeking payment in “Corant [current] money of new england....” 8 x 8. Headed, in manuscript, “By this grace of God of Great Brittain, France and Ireland, defender of the...” (last word lacking, but likely “faith”). Concerning £200 “for want thereof...if they or either of them may be found in your presence,” and brought before “our inferior Court of Common Pleas...on the third Tuesday of Sept...to answer unto...a plea of Debt, and if for not paying...£190 in Corant mony of new england...indebted by one certain bond obligatory under the hands... of the defendants...yet not withstanding the defendants above sd. so unjustly Refuse...to pay to ye plaint(i)f(f) though often Refuseth....” Naming witness John Cushing. Five-line docketing of Joseph Briantt, Deputy Sheriff, “Plym(ou)th,” likely a relation, notwithstanding variant spelling “Briantt”: “...I attached the bodyes of the within named Stephen Briant and David Briant, and took bonds for their appearance. Josiah Forster of Pembrooke...for Stephen Briantt p(e)r me, Joseph Briantt, Deputy Sheriff.” Biographical details of Joseph Briant (as Bryant, but evidently the very same person) appear at wikitree.com/wiki/Bryant-9877. He also appeared as “attorney in a common plea case, and frequently as a surety.” Curiously, in 1703, he was fined 3 shillings for breach of peace! A William Little was born in Marshfield, 1691/2, appearing in a discussion of Mayflower lineage (though no Little was on the passenger list). Large circular nibble and old seal adhesion to facing text when originally folded, affecting parts of seven lines. Some tattering of blank top margin, two smaller mousechew nibbles along left vertical fold, moderate soiling, but very satisfactory, and with visual interest for display. Ex-Harmer Rooke, and therefore believed ex-Thomas Madigan, the pioneer Manhattan autograph dealer (d. 1936), author of classic work Word Shadows of the Great, and prewar purveyor of numerous mega-rarities. Famously founded by Pilgrims in 1620, Plymouth was one of the first European settlements in New England. Plymouth material is now uncommon and desirable. $170-220

2-2. From the First Book Printed by Young Ben Franklin on his own Press.

Leaf printed by Franklin at age of about 22, from latter portion of 1728’s The History of the People called Quakers...: When his employer Samuel Keimer was unable to complete the work on time, Franklin secured the contract, opening his own print shop. Ben’s own press produced the latter section of the book from which this leaf came, Franklin composing type at the rate of “a sheet a day.” Dampstaining, semicircular tea(?) stain at edge, corner and fore-edge wear, but still satisfactory. The book was termed “the most important yet published in Philadelphia” at the time. Two years later, Franklin would begin a quarter-century of Poor Richard’s Almanack, publishing under the pseudonym Richard Saunders. A leaf from the forward part of the book, printed by Franklin’s employer Samuel Keimer, sold at Heritage (and probably acquired from us decades before) for $81.25 in 2016. Both Keimer- and Franklin-printed leaves now elusive on the market. • With portrait of Franklin, from painting by Chappel, lithographed on canvas-embossed cream, late 1960s. Excellent. $110-140 (2 pcs.)

2-3. A Future Signer of the Declaration and a demised 10-Year-Old Quaker Girl.

Highly interesting Autograph Document (unsigned) of Signer George Read of Delaware, a working draft entirely in his hand, commenting on a sad detail in the will of Edmund Liston of New Castle County, revealed by research as a noted Quaker farmer of Appoquinimink Hundred. Perhaps c. 1780, as a Delaware judge. 8 x 12 ³/4, 25 lines, including interlinear language replacing six lines crossed out (but still legible for comparison), and marginal notation. (It is fascinating to behold his legal thinking in the original and rewritten versions.) Docketed “Dft. of an Opinion on Edmd. Liston’s Will for Jas. Townsend at Cross Roads Rent.” On the “devise of £400 to his Daughter Rachel who died in Feb. 1773 under the age of Eleven Years and am of Opinion that the said Legacy notwithstanding her death before the time of payment must be raised as directed in the Will and payable to her administrator, who shall distribute the same in Fourth Parts...to each of the living brothers and sisters, and the remaining Fourth to James Townsend in light of his late Wife Ann, sister of the sd. Rachel...but Rachel’s admin(inistrator) must wait the payment of the same £400 till Rachel should have been 18 years old....” Quakers were exempted from arming themselves in Old Delaware. In July 1747, “The Friends, by steadily protesting against every measure that might save houses from the torch and children from slaughter, laid themselves open to adverse criticism; just as further in the interior they gave offence by their leniency toward the Indians. If any vigorous officer sought to organize the militia there was an outcry from the Friends, and it was claimed that it was no fault of theirs that the privateers did not lay waste to entire coasts.” Soon thereafter, the Liston home was plundered by French or Spanish privateers on Delaware Bay, carrying off his slaves.--History of the State of Delaware, Henry C. Conrad, 1908, pp. 74-75; and, Delaware - The First State in the Union, George H. Ryden, Delaware Tercentenary Commission, Wilmington, 1938, p. (122).

Once called “an influential but forgotten Founder,” the self-made Read served in both the First and Second Continental Congresses. “One of only two statemen who signed four of the great state papers on which the country’s founding is based: [1774’s] Petition to the King and Association, as well as the Declaration, and Constitution.” (Roger Sherman is the other.)--wikipedia. Representing the Pro-Administration Party in George Washington’s first two Congresses, Read was Chief Justice of the “First State,” Delaware garnering that distinction in large part through his efforts. Ironically, when Congress first voted on declaring independence on July 2, 1776, Read voted against it. He was absent on July 4, compelling Caesar Rodney’s famous, urgent ride to Philadelphia, to break the deadlock. When the Declaration was ready for signing, though, Read relented. “In 1780, he served as a judge in Dela. Not only did he read over legal documents carefully, but he also saw the practical applications of them: how they directly impacted the people. Those abilities made people recall him as a ‘deep-read lawyer and versed in special pleading, the logic of law’ (--Read, 15). In 1797, he compiled the two-volume collection of the Laws of Delaware.”--blogs.dickinson.edu. His carefully crafted draft of the offered document, with its special circumstances, show his compassion. Uniform rich cream toning, with two slightly darker rectangular toned blocks, probably of a slip of paper once folded within; edge chipping, but gracefully skirting text, somewhat brittle but good, and darkly penned. The underlying 1769 will of Edmund Liston is referenced in A Calendar of Delaware Wills, 1682-1800, published 1911. A signed endorsement in Read’s hand fetched 4750.00 in University Archives’ May 2023 sale. A splendid conversation piece for an attorney’s office, showing the humanity of a Signer. $1400-1800

2-4. “Arms taken by the Enemy” in 1776 Northern Expedition.

Manuscript pay order to “Captn. John Harmon (of) Suffield £132.17.1 money for Sundry...bills of Soldiers in his Company to the Northward in A.D. 1776 & for Sundry arms taken by the Enemy & Charge the State.” Hartford, Conn., Apr. 11, 1777, in hand of Jesse Root, who personally contributed funds for the surprise attack on Ticonderoga. 6 ¹/2 x 8 ¹/4. Extensive endorsements on verso: four lines signed by Harmon, and two later by Constable Ashbel King, “Recd. of Treas. Laurence, Sept. 18, 1777...Mon(e)y Contents.” Docketed with auditing signature of E(lijah) Plummer, Dec. 1778; Plummer served three days in Lexington Alarm, then in first call for troops, in Boston til Dec. 1775. Harmon served since 1775; Capt. of 8th Co., Wolcott’s Regt. at Boston, Jan.-Mar. 1776. Root was among “the gentlemen...who on their individual notes procured the money from the treasury...” for the clandestine Ticonderoga Enterprise, Apr.-May 1775; others included Silas Deane and Signer William Williams.--The Record of Connecticut Men...During the War of the Revolution, Johnston, pp. 29-30. The “Northward” campaign, in which the arms in the present document were captured, included Ethan Allen, Seth Warner, and one hundred Green Mountain Boys. The attack on Ticonderoga, “that we might have the advantage of the Cannon that were there, to relieve the people of Boston...,” was successful. Except for a brief period just following this document, from July-Nov, 1777, Ticonderoga remained in American hands. Root also served as Deputy Adjt. Gen. for Putnam, on the east side of the Hudson. Fine edge tears along top deckled edge, bottom straight edge, nibble into blank left, fold wear, but darkly penned and very satisfactory. Root material uncommon. $160-220

2-5. A Revolutionary War British General married to an American Woman.

War-period A.L.S. of British Col. John Maunsell, no date but between 1777-Oct. 1781 based on rank. A fascinating character: married to an American woman, and living in N.Y. at the time the Revolution began, he was assigned to Ireland, to avoid serving against the Americans. Maunsell later rose to Lt. Gen. 5 ³/4 x 7 ¹/4, 1 full p. On land he wishes to buy. “...It w(oul)d be to our mutual advantage to have yr. land in one parcell & as you pointed out the southeast corner which you said you wd. take, I agree that your thousand acres be in that corner beginning at the Lake...By this division, my remaining part wd. be in one almost square piece...This lot as you pointed out seems best suited for yr. share. Ye know I am a stranger to its quality....” Postwar, Maunsell lived in N.Y., corresponding confidentially with former British and American officers. He quietly forwarded important letters for now-Pres. Washington’s perusal, via former adversary Gen. Henry Knox, by then Sec. of War. Period notation “#215” at top, evidently from recipient’s files. Old pencil notation probably in hand of Thomas J. Madigan, top N.Y. autograph dealer, and author of 1930 classic, Word Shadows of the Great. Some toning evidently caused by ink spread, imparting an interesting effect, else fine. Very scarce. An unusual war-period letter from this noted officer caught with his American wife between two worlds. Not in Sanders. $220-300

2-6. Served with Nathan Hale, 1776.

Manuscript Revolutionary War order to pay Maj. Edw(ar)d Shipman in “lawful Silver Money,” signed by him on verso with title “Maj(o)r.” “Recd. of...Stamford Collec(tor),” Sept. 15, 1781, 6 ¹/4 x 8 ¹/4. Deckle edge at top. A farmer and blacksmith, Shipman served in the French & Indian War and throughout the Revolution. On July 2, 1776, one of his seven fellow captains of the 19th Conn. Regt., camped in New York City, was – Capt. Nathan Hale. As the pressure grew, Washington became desperate to learn the location of the planned British invasion of Manhattan Island. Seeking a spy, the only volunteer was Nathan Hale. Shipman also served at the Siege of Boston and Battle of Saratoga, marched under Washington from Boston to N.Y., and encamped with him at Phillipsburg. Also signed by Fenn Wadsworth (Brigade Maj. to Gen. James Wadsworth 1776-79), Ebenezer Wales (a physician and minister, fought at Bunker Hill and Valley Forge), and Hez(ekiah) Rogers (aide-de-camp to Maj. Gen. Jedidiah Huntington, and a delegate to 1787 Constitutional Convention, ratifying on behalf of Conn.), and on verso by Treasurer J(ohn) Lawrence. In a second Nathan Hale twist, John Lawrence’s son, William and his wife Alice are mentioned in Washington’s Spies: The Story of America’s First Spy Ring, by Alexander Rose. Known as “the handsomest girl in Connecticut,” Alice had been engaged to Nathan Hale, and possessed his only known portrait, a miniature of the martyred secret agent. It is speculated that William Lawrence, her later husband, destroyed the painting in jealousy. Trivial short tear at one fold, else very fine. $100-130

2-7. From Riches to Rags – Financing the Revolution.

A.L.S. of fund disbursement official John Thorne, Lebanon (Pa.), Jan. 3, 1782, 8 ¹/4 x 13, 1 full p. With interesting recitation of the variants of financial instruments used in that inflationery period. To the ill-fated “John Nicholson or James Stevenson, Esqs., Philadelphia - To be left at Col. Wegman’s who will please to deliver it to one of the Gentlemen to whom it is directed.” Penned in response to query from Nicholson, appointed Comptroller-Gen. of Penna.; by use of extensive powers, brought order to the state’s chaotic finances. Thorne replies, “I received your letter...desiring me to find you the Accounts of Depreciation rendered by the different persons with whom I settled last Spring. In consequence of a Letter from the Pres. of the State of the 5th of May last, which I received with the Money sent by Council to pay the Troops, I was directed to transmit the Accounts mentioned in your Letter to Council. In the same Month I had (an) Opportunity of transmitting the Accounts to Council. Col. Greenewall who was then an Assemblyman, by him I also sent to Council the old Certificates, the Marginal counterpart Notes of the new ones, a list of new Certificates then granted, a Receipt Roll containing Sums of Money paid, signed by the Officers & Soldiers who received the same, together with remainder of the Money, for which Col. Greenewall brought in a Receipt from the State Treasurer....” Address-leaf headed “Public Service,” a form of franking privilege. Docketed. Lacking one small square fragment in center where opened at seal, with loss of word “an”; uniform rich cream toning, one edge partly browned, address-leaf with dust-toning; some fold and edge wear, small old repair at edge of verso with glassine hinge, else good. Still attractive for display, the hand moderately florid and appealing. Thorne served on Lebanon’s Committee of Safety in July 1776. Addressee James Stevenson had enlisted on July 1, 1776; captured 1777 in Darby, Pa., he was held for nine months in Philadelphia and on N.Y.’s dreaded prison ships. Nicholson was a postwar business partner of Robert Morris, both attaining success speculating in western Penna., Georgia, and thousands of city lots in the new District of Columbia. They crashed nearly as quickly as they had ascended, in the perfect storm of the Napoleonic Wars, deflation, and Panic of 1797. Morris actually owned more land than anyone in America, but lacked cash to pay his servant. Both Nicholson and Morris were ruined, having guaranteed each others’ notes, between them owing some $12 million; Nicholson died 1800 in debtors’ prison, though litigation continued for 25 years. Whether Nicholson was satisfied with this reply in 1782 may never be known. $160-220

2-8. Served in the No-Man’s Land of The Bronx and Westchester.

Partly printed order signed on verso by Revolutionary War Capt. James Stoddard (of Farmington, Conn.). Conn. Pay-Table Office, May 30, 1783, 5 ¹/2 x 6 ¹/2. Made Lt. by Jan. 1776, Stoddard was among the early state troops occupying Boston at Washington’s request, until the new Continental Army could be built up. The following year, Stoddard commanded his own eponymous company – for just six weeks. On July 5, 1779, his company was among those repelling Tryon’s invasion of New Haven. His men in 1781 included the enigmatic Juba Negro--Johnston, p. 574; Stoddard, with Waterbury’s State Brigade, then joined Washington at camp at Phillipsburg, N.Y., “and for some time after was under Heath’s orders on the Westchester line.”--p. 564. This included the no-man’s land, from The Bronx to Westchester, which some say gave rise to the word “cowboy.” A large swath of the Bronx was Westchester’s til 1874. Also signed by Oliver Wolcott, Jr., Washington’s Sec. of Treasury, and son of the Signer, who led troops in N.Y. in 1776 as Brig. Gen.; by William Moseley; and by Hez(ekiah) Rogers, aide-de-camp to Maj. Gen. Jedidiah Huntington, and a delegate to 1787 Constitutional Convention, ratifying on behalf of Conn. Attractive printed border. Very light toning, else fine. $80-110

2-9. A Call to Revolution – Fresh to the Market after 50 Years.

Elusive first edition of the first Connecticut printing of Common Sense, Tom Paine’s anonymously-published pamphlet that fueled the Declaration of Independence. Norwich, 1776. 56 pp. Lacking the last leaf (1960s photocopy accompanying, for reading sense). “Re-printed and sold by Judah P. Spooner, and T. Green, New-London”; Green was official printer for the Colony of Conn. Gimbel CS-49, this text based on the first edition, second printing of Robert Bell in Philadelphia, and closely follows by about three weeks the first Philadelphia advertisement offering “Common Sense,” on Jan. 9. It is therefore suggested that the first Connecticut edition offered here was printed “at the end of January,” as the second Norwich printing, reset in 64 pp., is dated Feb. 14, 1776 within its text, and not advertised in The Connecticut Gazette til Feb. 23. The New York printing, because of its proximity to Philadelphia, was posited by one source the earliest known edition published in another city – however that New York printing is dated Feb. 15, necessarily later than our first Connecticut printing offered here.

Signed (twice) on title page by Robert Gere, member of the prominent Groton family; this is either the venerable militia officer (1707-1801), listed in Groton, Conn., 1705-1905 by Charles Rathbone Stark, under the dates 1754, 1760, and 1770 – or his much younger nephew (born 1761). One of the two Roberts conspicuously manumitted Nero, his black slave, in 1800; the full text of the court filing appears in the same work (request screenshot).

Though not touched upon in the rich literature on printings of Common Sense, it appears that the pamphlet was physically produced by Timothy Green, Spooner’s brother-in-law, as the latter became enmeshed in the War and its toll. Upon “...outbreak of hostilities with the mother country... leaving his family [and printing shop] at Norwich, Spooner marched with the first volunteers for Boston and took part in the battle of Bunker’s Hill, where, having a few more cartridges than his fellows, he delayed a little to use them, and sought to reach the retreating column by speed of foot. This exposed him to a volley, from which he escaped, with only a slight wound in the side. He was afterwards in the Privateer service, and being captured, suffered imprisonment in that pestilential hulk, Old Jersey, anchored at the wallabout, Brooklyn, N.Y. [evidently not earlier than 1780], from which he was sent home with a broken constitution and the ‘long fever,’ which clung to him for a considerable time afterward....” Dozens of books and articles have been written on the prison-ships - the Jersey the worst of all - and their rather few survivors, including The Ghost Ship of Brooklyn, Hell on the East River..., Martyrs to the Revolution in the British Prison-Ships, Recollections of the Jersey Prison Ship (pub. 1829), and others. “On the disposal of his business [in 1783], Judah [Spooner] became unsettled and was a wanderer. His family returned to New London...The wife of Mr. Spooner was a woman of remarkable piety...Her children were indebted almost entirely to her, for their education and support in early life...”--Records of William Spooner: of Plymouth, Mass., and his Descendants, by Thomas Spooner, 1883, Vol. I, pp. 151-153. Curiously, Spooner is unlisted in the Johnston compendium, The Record of Conn. Men.... However, members of Alarm Lists, especially very early ones, were sometimes unrecorded beyond local, ephemeral documents. In 1778, the Spooner and Green business changed hands within the family, and moved across the state line - tempted by a bonus offer of 100 bushels of wheat for a printer - founding The Vermont Gazette, or Green Mountain Post Boy, the first newspaper published in Vermont. The following year, they were “charged with making unlawful issues of state currency...”--A History of the Town of Hanover, N.H., John King Lord, Dartmouth Press, 1928, p. 263. (Before the N.H. line was finalized, Hanover was originally within Vermont.) • Brother-in-law Timothy Green printed much of Connecticut’s currency. Members of the Green family “either worked on or helped found each of Connecticut’s first three newspapers...1755, 1758, and 1764...”--“History of Conn. Newspapers,” portal.ct.gov....

For at least a century, it was widely regarded that their printing press - on which this pamphlet was produced - was the oldest press in America, the so-called Stephen Daye press. Lore was that it was brought from England in 1638, acquired by Timothy Green’s ancestor Samuel in 1649, then by Harvard College in 1656, and by Timothy Green, Sr., taking the press to New London in 1714. In 1772, nephew Timothy Green III sold it to two Spooners, now related to him by marriage, and began the business partnership which produced the present pamphlet. The Stephen Daye claim was recited in multiple scholarly books, articles, references, and public lectures – until 1959, when a letter was discovered in the American Antiquarian Society archives which undid the press’s pre-1714 provenance. While ancient even in 1776, the researcher and future Pres. of A.A.S., the renowned Marcus McCorison, still concluded that “the old press in Montpelier [its location since about 1870] has a fine heritage in any event as the second-oldest press in Connecticut, and the oldest in Vermont...”--Printing and Graphic Arts. What remains uncontested is that the press was in use by Timothy Green as of 1714, “and through him to his descendants, the patrons of the Spooners, from whom Alden [Spooner, brother of Judah] is said to have purchased it before going to Dresden [also known as Hanover, Vt., to print that state’s first newspaper, at the invitation of Dartmouth’s founder]. He took it with him to Windsor [Vt.], and after passing through several hands it was, many years later, picked up as a relic and deposited in the State House at Montpelier, where it now remains...”--p. 264. Since then, the press used to print Common Sense has resided in the Vermont Historical Society, and its own fascinating saga has been reconstructed by historians. In all events, of all twenty-five or so 1776 editions of Common Sense, the Spooner and Green production is probably the only one whose press not only survives, but is nearly as famous as the pamphlet it produced. “...Perhaps the greatest honor bestowed upon the press came in 1939 when the U.S. Post Office issued a commemorative stamp in recognition of its tercentennial. It had become one of the most important relics in American history.”--Times Argus, Barre, Vt., June 27, 2016.

Leaves judged conserved and pressed, then restrung, prior to 1975; last several leaves show evidence of trimming with scissor at head (perhaps by a 1776 buyer to open for reading, as these pamphlets were sometimes sold unopened), but full margin appears maintained. Understandable corner, edge, and handling wear, else very satisfactory. (A Sothebys’ description notes pp. 48-49 printed out of order; this is not a fault, but the printer’s imposition error in 1776.) Pamphlets such as this were avidly read, and often have defects from handling. Request full condition report and image.

RareBookHub, the database of nearly 14 million (and counting) dealer and auction records, reaching back as far as the 1850s, lists only 2 appearances of this first Connecticut printing. Their findings, plus two other sitings, comprise: noted New York dealer Donald Heald for $72,500 (2017, evidently sold); Skinner, Boston, for $28,290 (2019, “dog eared” with “fly specking”); Sothebys, lacking title page (a crippling fault) with another leaf “encapsulated in Japanese paper,” for £2520 (2020; offered in London, it obviously escaped the attention of its prime prospects – Americans); and at press-time, Zubal Books, Cleveland, $245,000, with “age staining throughout.” RareBookHub also lists 1910 and 1919 appearances, but does not state whether those were the first or second Norwich printings.

Among the array of 1776 printings of Common Sense, this first Norwich printing is among the closest in print date to the Philadelphia edition. An example of the first Philadelphia printing was listed at $250,000 about five years ago, by 19th Century Shop; the third Philadelphia printing, of Feb. 1776, sold at Sothebys, 2021, for $94,500. “All American editions from 1776 are rare, and many provincial editions such as this [first Connecticut] possibly more scarce than the earliest ones.”--Donald A. Heald Rare Books.

Probably acquired from prominent old-time dealer Cedric L. Robinson, Windsor, Conn., first half 1970s. Off the market since. Adams’ checklist reports only eight institutional examples. In comparison, of the first Philadelphia printings by Bell, fifteen institutional copies are found.--colonialsociety.org/node/802

Stated “the most incendiary and popular pamphlet of the entire revolutionary era”--American Revolution, Gordon Wood, p. 55. “It is not too much to say that the Declaration of Independence...was due more to Paine’s Common Sense than to any other single piece of writing.”--Grolier 100, No. 14. “...The most brilliant pamphlet written during the American Revolution, and one of the most brilliant pamphlets ever written in the English language.”--“The Most Uncommon Pamphlet of the Revolution,” Bernard Bailyn, in American Heritage, Vol. 25, Issue 1, Dec. 1973. “This first appeal for separation from England...really paved the way for the July Declaration of Independence.”--Howes US-iana P17. Adams, American Independence 222q; ESTC W32283; Evans 14957; Reese, Revolutionary Hundred 36 (ref.); Trumbull 1213, List of Books Printed in Conn., 1709-1800. A rich - and rare - tapestry of American history. $23,000-29,000 (Lacking final leaf)

2-10. Washington’s Top General at the Surrender.

Document Signed of B(enjamin) Lincoln, as Collector of Customs, Marblehead, Mass., 1804, 5 x 9 ¹/2 oblong, all edges deckled. Blind-embossed Seal of U.S. With details of imported cask of wine from Bordeaux. Impressing Washington, Lincoln was among the five made Maj. Gen. in Feb. 1777, his commission among those infuriating Benedict Arnold. Severely wounded at Saratoga and surrendering Charleston in “the greatest British triumph of the war to that time” (--Boatner), Lincoln served as Washington’s Secretary of War, 1781-83. Picked to lead the American element of the allied army marching south to Yorktown, mystique has developed over Lincoln’s role with Rochambeau at the surrender. Noted historians have debated whether Lincoln received Cornwallis’ sword. Whether myth or fact, Lincoln led a fascinating life. Postwar member of Constitutional Convention. Pristine condition. $130-170

2-11. The Family that Caused George Washington’s Only Injury of the Revolution.

New Year’s A.L.S. of Abr(aham) Ogden, Newark (N.J.), Jan. 2, 1785, 6 ¹/2 x 8 ¹/2, 1 full p. To merchant Nicholas Low, N.Y. Prominent Revolutionary War attorney, “said to have had no equal before a jury.” Appointed first U.S. Attorney for N.J., namesake of Ogdensburg, N.Y.; Signer Richard Stockton studied in Ogden’s law office. With fine legal content: “The Bond from T. Armstrong...& John Beach to Richd. Graves...for 410 Pounds 10 Shillings...This day I issued a Writ...& shall prosecute the Action with as much Expedition as possible. By a late Law of this State, the Ptff. is liable to pay Cost to his Atty. It is usual to receive with a bond to prosecute, a Fee of £3...Bard did not attend at Morris last week, as I expected. But I shall see him at Sussex next Month. With many & sincere good Wishes for your Happiness instead of mere Compliments, too common at this Season....” On integral address-leaf, “Hand by Mr. M(artin?) Hoffman,” the prominent N.Y. auctioneer and merchant. (The Hoffmans married into the Ogden family; Washington Irving studied law in a later Hoffman’s office.) Browned band at lower edge, else in rich brown on wheat paper, original deckles three sides, and about fine. Unusual Washington association: Ogden was a personal friend of Washington, who while quartered around Morristown “passed much of his time at the house of his friend ‘Squire Ogden’...The General took a particular interest in his host’s son Thomas Ludlow (Ogden), and would often make his rounds among the army with the boy mounted before him on his saddle...”--The Ogden Family in America..., p. 103. During a playful fencing bout with Washington, the foil of Ogden’s young son’s blade flew off, slightly wounding Washington’s hand – believed the only blood shed by Washington during the entire Revolution! Interesting modern research accompanies. $140-180

3-2. $50 Continental Currency.

Original British counterfeit. “Philadelphia, Sept. 26, 1778,” but probably printed in New York City that same year, the center of Royalist counterfeiting activity. Friedberg CC-85CF. Since the first Continental Congress issuance of bona fide paper money in 1775, British authorities had been trying to undermine American currency by issuing counterfeits, and circulating them throughout the colonies. “...Fifty Spanish milled Dollars, or the Value thereof in Gold or Silver....” “Signatures” of Geo. Bond, in salmon-pink, and R. Cather, in dark brown. No. 10771, likely using same ink as Bond’s “signature.” Interesting for its simulated light circulation and pocket wear, never folded, good coal-black impression, corners gently rounded, else conservatively judged VF 30. An interesting conversation piece, printed and presumably foisted on an unwitting patriot during the Revolution. $110-140

3-3. $8 Continental Currency.

Nov. 2, 1776. Friedberg CC-53. Circular woodcut, “Majora Minoribus Consonant,” showing woman in elegant eighteenth-century dress and bouffant hairstyle, playing harp with angel-wing scrollwork. The tri-leaf motif on verso was among the “nature print designs popularized by Ben Franklin”--Friedberg. No. faded, perhaps legible under high magnification. Signed by noted patriot Sam Hillegas in mid-brown, the second signature nearly faded. Varied wear at four corners, scuffing at upper right, some light surface wear at right portion of woodcut surround, vertical fold, else judged at least VG6, with uncommonly rich impression on reverse. $70-95

3-4. $5 Continental Currency.

Nov. 29, 1775. Friedberg CC-15. Circular woodcut, “Sustine Vel Abstine,” showing hand tending a young tree. Two-leaf motif on verso was among the “nature print designs popularized by Ben Franklin”--Friedberg. No. 41365. Signed by N. Garrison(?) in pink, and J. Watkins, Jr. in brown. Much wallet wear along left half of bottom horizontal, two tips modestly rounded, two well rounded; interesting minor printing defect at lower left corner, where paper incompletely printed, leaving a blank channel through design; still retaining rich black imprint on obverse, and judged VG7. $45-65

3-5. $5 Continental Currency.

Feb. 26, 1777. Friedberg CC-58. Circular woodcut, “Sustine Vel Abstine,” showing hand tending a young tree. Two-leaf motif on verso was among the “nature print designs popularized by Ben Franklin”--Friedberg. No. 72493. Signed by T. Kelro(?) in brown, second signature in pale apricot and faded. Half fold, corners rounded, tortoise shell mottling, but a sharp impression, and judged VG10. $65-85

3-6. 40 Shillings Connecticut Currency.

July 1, 1780, the Nutmeg State’s final series of Revolutionary War notes. Friedberg CT-232. Circular type with variant square woodcut, here with one Charter Oak only. Printed by Timo(thy) Green, New London, whose press was regaled in over a century of scholarship as the first printing press in America, until a single letter was found in archives in the 1950s with a fleeting, contrary statement. No. 9826. Signed by T. Hamlin in claret, E. Williams in caramel brown, and on reverse “Dennis Wright of Con.” Infrequently seen large hole cancel, 1”, half fold, top and right margins tattered, with loss of parts of border; other corners and margins with average wear. Still collectible, the cancel a bit of a curiosity, and judged G4. $20-30

3-7. 5 Shillings Connecticut Currency.

June 7, 1776. Friedberg CT-199. Signed Wm. Latham(?), very light but decipherable. Fray at upper left, affecting last three letters at corner on verso “Five S(hil.),” fray along left and right edges; characteristic long cut cancel, but clean and straight, and not detected til held to light; wear at horizontal fold. In all, judged about net Fine (perhaps grading trifle better if submitted; in comparison, a poorly displayable example on Invaluable, graded VF25 by unidentified seller, sold for 80.00). “Very Rare” in high grades--Friedberg. A good date. Total PCGS pop 15 only, in all grades. $90-120

3-8. 5 Shillings Connecticut Currency.

Mar. 1, 1780. Friedberg CT-222. Printed by Timo(thy) Green, New London, whose press was regaled in over a century of scholarship as the first printing press in America, until a single letter was found in archives in the 1950s with a fleeting, contrary statement. No. 7526. Signed by S. Williams in burgundy, and T. Hamlin in light raspberry. Scorched along half fold at left of hole cancel, affecting descenders and ascenders of two words in two lines; lacking upper left corner, about four other fragments lacking around periphery, but remarkably retaining brightness, the number and signatures dark, and a technical G4. Perfect for a teaching collection. $25-35

3-9. Nine Pence Connecticut Currency.

June 19, 1776. Friedberg CT-206. Circular type within square woodcut, “Connecticencis [note variant spelling] Sigillum Colon,” enclosing three stylized Charter Trees. Printed by Timo(thy) Green, New London, whose press was regaled in over a century of scholarship as the first printing press in America, until a single letter was found in archives in the 1950s with a fleeting, contrary statement. No. 26190. Signed by T. Hamlin in light plum, and on reverse, “Registered / J. Porter, Compt(roller).” Never folded. Two left corners trifle into tips of printed borders, likely from printer’s hand-separation beyond stroke of his scissors; pleasing warm cream patina, else bright and a superior example. PMG Choice AU 58. $200-250

3-10. Seven Pence Connecticut Currency.

Oct. 11, 1777. Friedberg CT-218. Small-size variety, 2 x 2 ¹/2, on the more desirable white paper (now toned as described). Circular type with variant square woodcut, “Connecticut / October,” here with one Charter Oak only. Printed by Timo(thy) Green, New London, his press long regaled as America’s first printing press, until rebutted in 1950s. No. and signature extremely light; also signed on reverse, “Registered / J. Jeffery G(eneral?) Cl(er)k.” Clean vertical cut about halfway into woodcut, perhaps a form of cancellation; some mottling, perhaps from a leather wallet, else one good and three wide margins; judged about VG10, exclusive of cut. $35-45

3-11. Connecticut Currency: Consecutive Pair of Five Pence.

Oct. 11, 1777. Friedberg CT-217. Pair numbered 31389 and 31390. Signed by C. Phelps in pink, and endorsed on reverse, “Registered / J. Porter, Compt(roller).” Never folded. Some light characteristic mottling, each note with one wide margins, others generous; one with nub at corner extending beyond note, from printer’s hand-separation beyond stroke of his scissors; old-time collectors’ pencil arrow in margin pointing to numbers. PMG CU 63 and Uncirculated 62, respectively. $625-825 (2 pcs.)

3-12. Eighteen Pence Delaware Currency.

Jan. 1, 1776. Friedberg DE-74. “To Counterfeit is Death” on reverse. Printed by James Adams. Interesting, complex woodcut of horse and rampant lion with human face, flanking crest. No. 23034. Signed by B. Manlove in light brown. A well-worn example, half fold, semicircular brown stains mirrored at top and bottom portions, partly into live area; top and bottom left corners dented where pushed snugly into a wallet (but probably improveable with meticulous flattening). Circulation abrasion, but still entirely collectible, and judged up to VG10. $90-120

3-13. $3 Massachusetts-Bay Currency.

May 5, 1780. Friedberg MA-280. Red and black. Printed by Hall & Sellers. Nearly illegible no. 2645(?). Signed in light pink by Loam(mi) Baldwin, R. Cranch in dark brown, and by Peter Boyer on verso. Red surprint, “Interest paid one year.” Probably once half folded, but not readily apparent. Irregularly-round ⁵/8” hole cancel, perhaps by using a coin; dark stain at top, postage-stamp-size, on reverse; few edge nicks, else judged net F15. $25-35

3-14. Three Shillings New-Jersey Currency – Signed by Declaration of Independence’s John Hart.

Mar. 25, 1776. Friedberg NJ-177. Red and black. Printed by Isaac Collins, Burlington. No. 16863. Signed by Declaration Signer John Hart, Jno. Johnston, and J. Stevens, Jun(r.), in dark brown, mocha, and coffee-and-cream, respectively. Moderately prominent vertical half fold, distant from Hart’s signature, but through initial letter “J” of other two. Minor tip wear, some tannish handling stains on reverse. The two-color New Jersey notes are invariably appealing, especially so with the Hart signature. PMG Choice Very Fine 35. $725-900

3-15. Ten Pounds New-York Currency.

Feb. 16, 1771. Friedberg NY-167. No. very light. Printed one side only. Signed by Saml. Verplanck. Once separated into three vertical strips, with loss of some text in central third of vertical fold; some edge wear and fragments lacking, moderate tortoise-shell mottling. Backed with old brown paper, this sufficiently ancient to have its own waterstains; “1834” in pencil. (It is interesting to see the work of a currency collector in the antebellum period.) In all, in collectible condition, nominally G4 by Friedberg’s grading standards. $55-75

3-16. $3 New-York Currency.

Aug. 13, 1776. Friedberg NY-203. “Three Spanish Milled Dollars” in text. Printed by Samuel Loudon. No. nearly faded. Signature scuffed but identifiable with research. A true veteran of the Revolution, with all edges frayed and irregular, into border; two crimps at lower right, resolvable with gentle pressing; once separated at fold, and repaired on reverse with piece of cream paper from a letter with few numerals penned, judged c. 1820-40, perhaps capturing a collector’s attention c. 1826 - the 50th birthday. Judged AG2 or 3, but collectible notwithstanding. $75-100

3-17. Four Shillings City of New-York Water Works Currency.

Aug. 25, 1774. Friedberg NY-170. Red (faded to pale pink) and black. Printed by H. Gaine, a noted printer of the Revolution. No. 2117. Signed by wealthy merchant Jacob(u)s Lefferts and another, identifiable with research. Half fold. Much worn, corners rounded and dogeared, some light stains, and judged about G4. $40-50

3-18. Forty Shillings Pennsylvania Currency.

Dec. 8, 1775. Friedberg PA-196. Printed by Hall and Sellers. No. 6409. Signed by Wm. Kenly, J. Leech, and a third, identifiable with research, in brown and pink, variously. Half fold, two corners rounded, very wide margin at left, one close, and in at other two; triangular caramel stain at one corner of reverse, some surface wear, else judged F12 or a bit better, the paper retaining much of its stiffness. $45-65

3-19. Twenty Shillings Pennsylvania Currency.

Oct. 25, 1775. Friedberg PA-192. Printed by Hall and Sellers. No. 1064. Signed by Phil. Kinsey in brown, Chas. Jervis in raspberry, and T. Shoemaker in reddish-brown. Two horizontal folds, not apparent from obverse, but very prominent on soiled reverse, this curious, as note retains some stiffness. In at four margins, else satisfactory, and judged G7. $40-55

3-20. Ten Shillings Pennsylvania Currency.

Dec. 8, 1775. Friedberg PA-193. Printed by Hall and Sellers. No. faded. Signed by P. Thomson in tea brown, another identifiable with research, the third nearly completely faded. Heavy horizontal fold, tear at right mended with ancient strip of paper and brown mucilage; corners wrinkled and rounded, considerable surface wear, the reverse abraded, and generally a tired AG3. Still a source of fascination for youngsters, and suitable for the classroom or a low-risk exhibit. $25-40

3-21. A Case of Stolen Currency: An Ammunition Maker appeals to Signer Robert Morris.

Revolutionary War-date A.L.S. of the “other” Geo. Ross, this the pioneer industrialist, and partner in the furnace at Hibernia, (N.J.), producing iron for the Continental Army’s shot and ordnance, under contract to Congress. Hibernia, May 7, 1782, 6 ¹/2 x 8 ¹/4, 1 full p. With integral address-leaf to Robert Morris, Morris Town (as Superintendent of Finance of the new United States); Signer of Declaration, “financier of the Revolution,” and recent Chief Justice, N.J. Supreme Court. “The bearer William Short on his way to me some time ago was taken by the Sheriff for Trading Connecticut state notes to one Vincourt of your town, which said notes has since proved to be stolen whereby Vincourt has become a sufferer. Consequently, Mr. Short must stand his tryal [sic] and I have entered security for his appearance the next Court. Please to take this matter under your Care, for which I will be accountable. Mr. Short can give you a true state of this matter.” An example of Ross’ iron work, also dated 1782, is in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art! His furnace’s cast iron fronts were used in Franklin stoves contemporary with Ben himself. The Signer George Ross also presided over a furnace and forge, in York County, Pa. It is reasonably possible that the two were related. In the year of this letter, Morris founded and organized the Bank of North America. Fragment lacking at blank portion address-leaf where opened, uniform toning to pleasing wheat color, else about fine. $225-275

4-1. The Polish Brigade of the Confederacy.

Excessively rare signature of “Col. T(heodore?) McGinnis, 2nd Reg. Polish Brig(ade), New Orleans, La.,” 3 ¹/2 x 4 ³/4, coffee-and-cream on ivory. With holograph attestation on invoice form of noted Civil War specialist and author Jim Hayes, “...The above autograph was signed 6-10-1862 in Ft. Warren, Boston, Mass., for a little girl. (It was from her Album.)” Probably the first item we have handled of the Polish Brigade; recruited at Fort Pulaski, near New Orleans, it became part of the 13th, then 14th La. Infantry Regts. Formed by Polish-born soldier and attorney Kasper Tochman, in 1845 he had opened a law office in Washington. Establishing the Polish-Slavonic Literary Society, his Virginia home was later visited by Lincoln and other notables. (There were actually some 196 Polish men, women, and children residing in Louisiana.) The Brigade was intended to spur other foreign enlistees as well; other companies of its parent Louisiana Tigers would be supplemented with blacks, Dutch, Irish, Italians, Mexicans, and Spaniards. The all-volunteer Polish Brigade saw heavy losses at “the Slaugherhouse” - the Battle of Glendale, at Gettysburg, and other clashes. Only “a few survivors surrendered at Appomattox”--Guide to Louisiana Confederate Military Units..., Arthur W. Bergeron, Jr., 1989, pp. 106-109. Of some 21 Confederate soldiers named “T. McGinnis,” only two were taken prisoner: one in 1864, the other enlisted as 1st Lt., 42nd Tenn. Infantry, exchanged on Aug. 27, 1862. Another, Theodore, entered the 14th La. Infantry as a Capt. in June 1861, but civilwardata.com does not indicate he was a P.OW. The present signature may be the latter. Very minor band of golden-tan graduated toning along two edges, else very fine. Quite a conversation piece. For the Civil War completist. $220-270

4-2. “Fresh Beef” for Three “Extra Duty” Confederates.

Attractive partly printed Subsistence Dept. form, “Consolidated Provision Return for Detail of Three Extra Duty men Employed in Commissary Dept. of this Command...,” May 1-31, 1863, 9 ¹/2 x 12. Boldly signed by Capt. J.C. Shipley, Artillery, Polk’s Corps, and by Lt. Col./C.O. M(arshall) T. Polk, a relative of Pres. James Polk. Listing pounds and quarts, variously, of fresh beef, bacon, flour, beans, rice, coffee, sugar, vinegar, soap, and salt used for the three “extra duty” mens’ 93 rations that month. On blue-lined adversity paper, uniformly toned to toast-brown, else very fine. A West Pointer, Marshall was shipwrecked off the coast of Acapulco in 1853; served two years later in the Sioux Expedition and Battle of Blue Water. Commanding artillery at Shiloh, he lost 24 of his 102 men – and his own leg – and was captured. Another relative, Gen. Leonidas Polk, personally led four charges at the same battle. Held on Johnson’s Island, Marshall was made Chief of Artillery by Leonidas. A year following this document, Leonidas was killed in the Atlanta Campaign; his old West Point classmate Jefferson Davis lamented that “the Confederacy had suffered no heavier blow since Stonewall Jackson was killed”--Boatner. Marshall Polk, signer of this document, lived til 1884. Suitable for display. $90-120

4-3. A Confederate Sheriff declares his Banknotes, $9,000 in Gold and Silver Coins, and Tobacco.

Unusual Confederate “Form No. 1”: two-sheet, partly-printed “Tax on Naval Stores, Wines, &c., and Agricultural Products,” Richmond, Sept. 10, 1863, each sheet 9 ³/4 x 12 ¹/2. Signed twice by Confederate Assessor W.E. Johnson, and twice by Thomas W. Doswell (Sheriff of Richmond, and aide to Gen. William E. Stark), declaring “Leaf Tobacco, Value $13,000; Manufactured Tobbacco [sic], $4,000....” Taxed 8%, in this effort to raise funds “for the common defence and (to) carry on the government of the Confederate States....” Doswell separately declares “Gold coin..., $8,000; Silver coin, $15; Bank notes, (total) $1700,” these taxed at 1%. Also answers whether subject to taxation as “pawnbrokers...keepers of hotels, inns, taverns and eating houses...circuses, jugglers, bowling alleys, billiard tables...apothecaries, photographers, lawyers, physicians, surgeons and dentists...and confectioners.” With spaces to declare amounts of “Credits within Confederate States, Credits beyond limits of Confederate States, Money deposited beyond limits...,” and attesting that he has listed all “naval stores, salt, wine, spiritous liquors, manufactured and unmanufactured tobacco, cotton, wool, flour, sugar, molasses, syrup, rice....” A Virginia planter, alum of Washington & Lee University, sheriff of Hanover, Richmond, and Henrico Counties, and breeder of race horses, Doswell appears in the book Secretariat’s Meadow: The Land, the Family, the Legend (by Tweedy and Ladin). Pleasant light patina due to high groundwood content of adversity paper, trivial edge wear, else fine. Rare type: this “List [i.e. Form] No. 1” imprint unrecorded in Parrish & Willingham’s standard reference work, Confederate Imprints: A Bibliography of Southern Publications from Secession to Surrender.... Briefly mentioned in The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, 1906, but WorldCat today locates only one example (Boston Athenæum). Lacking in Duke University’s celebrated 2,300-plus-item collection of Confederate imprints. Unusual Confederate numismatic association, and suitable for display. $130-170 (2 sheets)

4-4. Taxing a Bank Account with $500 Confederate Currency.

Interesting single-sheet variant of Confederate document, partly-printed “Tax on Naval Stores, Wines, &c., and Agricultural Products,” Richmond, Sept. 10, 1863, 9 ³/4 x 12 ¹/2. Signed by Confederate Assessor W.E. Johnson, and Thomas W. Doswell (see interesting biographical information in preceding lot), “receiver in suit...,” declaring “Bank notes or other currency on deposit, $500....” Taxed 1%, in this effort to raise funds “for the common defence and carry on the government of the Confederate States....” Also answers whether subject to taxation as “pawnbrokers...keepers of hotels, inns, taverns and eating houses...circuses, jugglers, bowling alleys, billiard tables...apothecaries, photographers, lawyers, physicians, surgeons and dentists...and confectioners.” (One might be hard pressed to find circuses and jugglers in the wartime South.) With spaces to declare amounts of “Credits within Confederate States, Credits beyond limits of Confederate States, Money deposited beyond limits...,” and attesting that he has listed all “naval stores, salt, wine, spiritous liquors, manufactured and unmanufactured tobacco, cotton, wool, flour, sugar, molasses, syrup, rice....” Pleasant light patina due to high groundwood content of adversity paper, else fine. Rare type, suitable for display. See image of lot 4-3 for style. $65-80

4-5. The Confederacy’s Trans-Mississippi Dept. exports Cotton to Raise Cash.

Printed Confederate Act “to establish a bureau of foreign supplies in the War Dept., with an agency in the trans-Mississippi Dept.,” May 4, 1864, 5 ³/4 x 9 ¹/4, 6 pp. Light purple oval handstamp, “...Rebel Archives / War Dept.” A late-war effort to procure matériel from abroad, through the sale of cotton. “...All steamers now owned by any of the departments of the Government...shall be turned over to the Navy... The chief of said bureau may appoint suitable purchasing agents of known integrity...Shall have power to establish interior depots for the receipt of cotton and other produce, intended for exportation into or through Mexico...The business of the cotton bureau established under a special order of Lt. Gen. E. Kirby Smith, commanding the trans-Mississippi dept....” Characteristic toast-like edge toning, old crease at blank upper left, else very fine. A splendid adjunct to a Trans-Mississippi collection, suitable for display. $70-100

4-6. The Morning after Cold Harbor – Lee’s Last Great Battle.

Dramatic, rare Confederate newspaper, Daily Richmond Enquirer, “Sat. Morning,” June 4, 1864, complete on single oversize sheet, reflecting paper shortage. 17 ¹/2 x 27 ¹/2. Lengthy front-page coverage of Lee’s three-day vanquish of Grant at Cold Harbor, Va., one of the bloodiest battles of the war, with some 12,000 Union killed and wounded in its three days. “The aggressive movements of Lee having forced Grant into counter aggression, the city is alive again with enthusiasm, though of that quiet and orderly tone which has marked the expression of popular interest from the beginning of the campaign. For the last two mornings the citizens have been awakened by the sound of heavy ordnance looming over the meadows of the Chickahominy, and each day and night have passed by resonant with the detonation of battle...The engagement which opened...on Thurs. became general as the day advanced. The enemy were repeatedly repulsed with heavy slaughter...Fighting continued all night long...Gen. Lee was in excellent spirits at the progress of the engagement...Gen. A.P. Hill dislodged the enemy from Turkey Hill...In front of Hoke, they were repulsed with immense slaughter...Over 100 dead were left inside our lines...The fight lasted several hours, and was bloody on the part of the enemy...We now hold the strong position of Cold Harbor, and have foiled the enemy in his first desperate effort to obtain it...The Maryland Battalion is said to have covered itself with glory...The prisoners captured all have whiskey in their canteens, and express great delight at falling into our hands...The slaughter of the enemy in the fight of yesterday is immense...The enemy had appeared in columns nine deep, and made seven charges... Hundreds were shot down while running...Dead and wounded were piled upon each other...The entire loss of the enemy in yesterday’s engagement is estimated at from ten to fifteen thousand....” Much more, including telegraph “From Gen. Lee’s Army, Battle Field near Gaines’ Mill...The battle opened at sunrise this morning, about 10 miles below Richmond...making the line of battle over seven miles long....” “Inhumanity of the Yankees,” describing Confederate patients in Spotsylvania hospital abandoned by Union surgeons and nurses, without food and water. “Sherman’s New Move,” and much more.

Civil War Dictionary notes that the main Federal assault of June 3 “...was not over eight minutes. In that little period more men fell bleeding as they advanced than in any other like period of time throughout the war...”--quoting Battles and Leaders, Martin McMahon, Vol. IV. Interesting printing imperfection at “Enquirer” in masthead, the sheet creased on press, with type interrupted by blank bar. Considerable handling wear, the news of this major Confederate victory eagerly consumed; folded into about 15 panels, some loss of words and letters along two folds and at three fold junctions; some coat pocket-toned panels, but still very satisfactory, and a very rare, significant issue (not to be confused with the readily-available Richmond Daily Examiner). ChroniclingAmerica reports, with qualifiers, up to 5 examples of this issue, at Brown, William & Mary, Library of Virginia, Southern Baptist Theological Seminary (Louisville) (but “scattered issues” only), and Western Reserve Historical Society Newspaper Project. $180-240

4-7. Days before Lincoln’s Reelection, Slaves Impressed into Confederate Service in Texas?

Late-war A.N.S. of Confederate tax collector J.H. Moody, Fairfield, Texas, Nov. 1, (18)64, 4 x 8, on adversity paper from a ledger. To Ben E. Roper, Tax Collector for Harris County, addressed as “District No. 21, Houston.” “Above I hand you list of property Enc(lose)d to me situated in Harris Co. Please have proper values attached & return.” In ruled columns above his message: “Names of Tax Payers: R.F. Morgan, with “5 Negroes in Service,” and James Robinson, with 4 “Negroes in Service.” The previous year, the Confederacy decreed that slaves could be impressed into military service, in accordance with state laws. Service of blacks was limited to sixty days; owners with fewer than four eligible slaves were exempt, and only about 5% of each county’s slave population could be impressed. By the date of this document, the Confederacy’s prospects were dimming. The Summer of ‘64 had dealt losses at Atlanta, Peterbsurg, Mobile, and elsewhere. Slaves in Confederate service were not made soldiers, but undertook important jobs including building roads, railroads, and fortifications – and destroying them if enemy troops were advancing. They also dug trenches, mined for gunpowder-making ingredients, and worked in ordnance shops, ironworks, brickyards, and sawmills, to produce matériel for the South’s war machine. Owners were compensated for temporary absence of their slaves. Lacking silver-dollar-size fragment at bottom center, perhaps where uncancelled stamp removed for reuse, affecting part of “Fairfield / Nov...” docketing on verso; some foxing, ink coffee-and-cream but entirely legible, and very satisfactory. The war in Texas continued well past Appomattox; in fact, the last land battle actually ended in a Confederate victory over the Union, at Palo Pinto, Texas – on May 13, 1865. The final act of the Civil War on water also took place in Texas, in Galveston, on June 2. $90-120

4-8. “The Lost Cause” Magazine.

Two issues of The Lost Cause - A Confederate War Record, published in Louisville by local chapter of United Daughters of Confederacy, edited by Mrs. (Gen.) Basil Duke, Aug. 1899 and Aug. 1900, 8 ¹/2 x 12, 20 and 16 pp., respectively. Black on ivory enamel. Splendid masthead, with 13-star flag. “A monthly illustrated journal of history, devoted to collection and preservation of the Records of the Confederate States, humorous anecdotes, reminiscences, deeds of heroism....” Profusely illustrated with portraits, battlefield photography, art specially commissioned, including full-p. scene of “Fight at the Bridge” at Antietam, poem “Stonewall Jackson’s Way” written “almost within hearing of the guns of Antietam...found on the body of a sergeant of the old Stonewall brigade, killed at Winchester...”; first installment of address on Gettysburg. A wealth of text, much of it probably unavailable elsewhere. (Unlike Confederate Veteran, this publication was not reprinted.) Interesting advertisements, including long-lost railroads First issue dust-toned covers, some brittleness, chipping at some edges and lower right corners but no loss of text, internally cleaner, and generally very satisfactory; second issue with light vertical folds, superficial bookworming of first leaf only, affecting several words; else average handling, and good. Published 1898-1904 only, and very scarce. No examples on ViaLibri.net. $100-130 (2 pcs.)

4-9. A Child’s Biography of Robert E. Lee.

Booklet for children, “The Story of Robert E. Lee,” Elizabeth McKane, “Instructor Literature Series,” F.A. Owen Pub. Co., Dansville, N.Y., 1905. 5 x 7 ¹/4, 32 pp. Small photo on cover; 7 illustrations and 1 map inside. Extensive listings of other booklets for teacher, 1st-8th grades. Waterstain affecting about half of pp., covers nearly separated at spine, else good. A surprisingly affectionate and endearing treatment. Very scarce. $45-60

4-10. The Last Confederate Officer to Surrender.

Early 20th century real-photo silverprint postcard of “The Mann with the Whiskers,” picturing Confederate Col. Walter Lehmann Mann (died 1875), commander Bradford & Mann’s First Texas Cavalry, defending the state’s coast. Shown standing on observation deck of rail car, in Confederate uniform, with two women and several gentlemen. Likely taken during travel to or from a Confederate reunion. Card prepared between 1904-1918, based on design of postcard’s AZO stamp box. “In Galveston, Mann and a small band of soldiers presented the last organized resistance of the Confederacy, and Mann was the last Confederate officer to capitulate...June 5, 1865”--biographical sketch in Mann Papers, San Jacinto Museum, La Porte, Texas.  One hard thumb-crease at 12 o’clock, some handling, else good, with evocative rich deep chocolate tones. A rare sidebar in Civil War history. Modern research accompanies. $80-110

5-1. The White Feather Democracy.

Very scarce Union anti-war cover, postally unused, with oversize initials “W.F.D.” in simulated brown (red and blue duotone), with blue caption beneath woodcut of dove in flight: “Grand Emblem of the ‘White Feather Democracy’ - ‘like Bottom in the play, playing the lion but roaring gently, as a sucking dove - Daniel S. Dickinson.” Imprint of “Car Bell,” Hartford, Conn. The W.F.D. was a sobriquet for an anti-war movement in New York, in the manner of the Copperheads and other Peace Democrats. The envelope’s words were those of Nick Bottom, a comic character in Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream, who was capable of roaring but at an artifically low volume, to prevent alarming the audience. An 1867 speech of N.Y. Sen. Daniel S. Dickinson alludes to the group as one of the “advocates of peace.” Dickinson was “one of the most picturesque and popular stump speakers... and was a national figure...His speeches were made up of epigrams which were quotable and effective... Every sentence was a bombshell...”--recollections of Chauncey Depew. Prior to the Civil War, Dickinson was one of N.Y.’s leading supporters of Southern states’ rights. At the 1852 Democratic Convention, after the 48th ballot to nominate Franklin Pierce failed, a delegate-stampede to Dickinson seemed imminent - but he withdrew, allowing Pierce to finally secure the nod. One neat paper hinge on blank verso, else very fine. Period references to the W.F.D. are scant. Seldom seen. Interesting modern research accompanies. $70-90

5-2. Early Confederate Patriotic Envelope – for sale to Northern Sympathizers.

Postally unused “Death before Dishonor” captioned below Confederate soldier on guard in camp, 10-star flag flying over rows of tents. Another, smaller flag fluttering atop tent behind. (The 10th star represents admission of North Carolina to Confederacy in May 1861.) Bright red, blue, and simulated brown. Said by Dietz to be of Northern manufacture; likely for sale to the many Southern sympathizers in the Union. New York City and Westchester had substantial numbers of pro-Confederates. Mounting evidence at four corners on blank verso, else very fine and attractive for display. New Dietz TF-4, old c.v. $2000 (used), showing census of only 2 used examples at time of publication in 1986. $100-125

5-3. South Carolina: “We will defend it with our lives and fortunes.”

A particularly famous 1861 Confederate patriotic cover: South Carolina’s flag with palmetto, ribbon banner above “Southern Independence.” Below, “We will defend it with our lives and fortunes.” Azure blue. Minor stains on verso, light handling evidence, mellow ivory toning, else about very fine. Not in New Dietz, but a variant of FSC-3, without sailor nailing streamer to mast. $100-125

5-4. Jefferson Davis, Black on Sulfur-Yellow.

Unused Confederate patriotic, with ³/4-profile likeness of Davis occupying a third of goldenrod-color envelope. Facsimile signature below portrait. Mounting strip along one short edge on verso, hard fold along opposite, outermost edge (perhaps from nesting into spine of a salesman’s sample book), else about fine. $60-85

5-5. Jefferson Davis, Plum on Ivory.

Unused Confederate patriotic, with frontal likeness of Davis in deepest plum, occupying a third of ivory envelope. Facsimile signature below portrait. Judged produced by same printer as variety above. Two old green-paper strips on verso, where once neatly mounted, perhaps in salesman’s sample book. Minor wrinkles at left and right, from adhesions on verso; very light, pleasing marginal toning, else very fine. An interesting color variant for the specialist or completist. $75-100

5-6. A Civil War Marine, with Pistol and Dagger.

Patriotic with trio of designs, in simulated-gold mustard: a Union Marine, pistol in one hand, another in his belt, other hand on a dagger; Seal of N.Y.; and flag, for placement of postage stamp. In style of Magnus, though no imprint. Scott #65, rich pink range; lower right tip affixed beyond edge of cover and shaved by wear. Blue “Baltim(ore)(?) / Apr 23” c.d.s. To Edward Loomis, M.D., Westmoreland, Oneida County, N.Y. Two tears at upper right corner, just touching stamp; reduced at left, and remaining shallow arc lacking, affecting tip of pistol; some handling evidence, in matching tan tones, else about V.G. Civil War Marine material is uncommon in any form. Not in Harvard University collection of patriotic covers, numbering some 5,000 different. Robert A. Siegel Galleries’ PowerSearch reports no examples of this design, 1930-present. If unflawed, several times our estimate. See photo page 29 and website for lots 5-6 through 5-17. $125-225

5-7. A Confederate Male Nurse – Sleeping on Duty, later Killed in Action.

Ivory cover bearing black (due) “10” stamp, denoting Army of Northern Virginia field use. From Confederate soldier A.C. Pendleton, Co. K, 50th Va. Regt. To John Pendleton, “Meadows of Dan,” Patrick County, Va. The sender is believed Abram C. Pendleton, a tragic figure. Born 1841 in Patrick, he enlisted in the 50th Va. Infantry June 22, 1861. Hospitalized later that year, he became a Confederate Army nurse; court-martialed for sleeping on post in 1864, his sentence was remitted, promptly being wounded at the Battle of the Wilderness. Rehospitalized and returned to duty, Pendleton was killed in action in the third Battle of Winchester, Va. precisely three months later, on Sept. 19, 1864. Also mortally wounded that same day were Confederate Gen. Robert Rodes - and brigade commander Col. George S. Patton, grandfather of the World War II hero. Surviving to fight another day were Robert E. Lee, George Custer, Jubal Early, and Rutherford B. Hayes. Stains, likely from its difficult journey, three old glassine hinges to dealer’s typewritten description, and about good. With historical research. Probably the only Confederate nurse to be court-martialed. $275-325

5-8. Green Lynchburg Cancel.

Cream envelope with strong “greasy green” (actually a deep loden), “Lynchbu(rg) V(a) / Oct 13...” c.d.s. tying CSA #11, 10¢ blue. To “Miss Mathi C. Waddell, Rocky Mount, Franklin Co., Va.” Cancel partly off cover, some soiling, flap thinner where opened, few hinge remnants, the envelope construction unusual, extra glue having been applied by sender. Four pencil (lot?) numbers on verso in hand of old-time dealer, 1930s-60s, perhaps recognizable. Scarce and desirable color cancel, the stamp a crisp Wedgewood blue shade, with good margins all around. $140-170

5-9. A Blue Pair.

Dark mocha envelope with horizontal pair of CSA #4, 5¢ blue, turquoise shade. In at left, else pleasing margins. Black c.d.s. Richmond, Va., Jul(y) 3, 1862. Addressed to “Miss Nannie Caskie, Care (of) David Chalmers, Esq., Newsferry, Va.” The Caskies were an old Southern colonial family; her grandfather was Confederate Col. George Lee Scott. She was likely very young when this letter reached her, as she did not marry until 1901. Chalmers is mentioned in Some Prominent Virginia Families, du Bellet, 1907, Vol. 2. Inside flap repaired with old glassine tape; small period erasure at upper left corner, possibly by postal clerk upon affixing double rate; soft vertical crease just touching first letter of “Miss,” uniform dust toning, else very good, and attractive for display, the stamps appearing bright against rich dark chocolate ink. $300-350

5-10. The Confederate Brothers Hanes – one killed, one wounded.

Envelope with “Tudor Hall Va. / Nov 9” [1861] c.d.s., curved “Due 5” handstamp. (Tudor Hall was the Post Office for Manassas.) To “Nathan Williams, Esq., Smith Grove, N.C.” In another hand, “(from) Priv. Hanes, 4th Regiment N.C. S(tate) T(roops), Comp. G.” Two Hanes brothers, Jacob H. and Harrison H., enlisted in the same company of the 4th Regt., on consecutive days in June 1861; Harrison was wounded at Seven Pines in 1862, but evidently survived the war; Jacob was killed at Spotsylvania in 1864. Lacking top flap, old hinge remnants on verso, some foxing, light scuffing from postal handling, else good. $110-140

5-11. The Road is Long....

Attractive cover addressed in cobalt blue to ill-fated Union soldier in Arkansas, routed via Cairo, the Illinois port base under Grant’s command. “Bloomfield Iowa / Feb 9” (1863) c.d.s. on cerise postal stationery, 3¢ Washington entire, attributed on old dealer’s slip as “No. 92, Die 15, Size 3, Knf. 2, Wmk. 1.” To (Pvt.) John W. Barnes, “Helena, Ark(ansa)s, Co. F, 30th Iowa Infantry, In care of Capt. H. Mings.” Black backstamp Cairo, Feb. 13. Ms. “Recd. Feb. 23....” Helena was a Miss. River base for Western Campaign. Barnes died of disease that Aug., at Black River, Miss. Uniform postal soiling, else good plus. Interesting address, routing, and uncommon indicia on soldiers mail. $75-100

5-12. “...A company of boys here in Cavalry from the University of Ala(bama)....”

Two items: Suede-brown cover with superior example of C.S.A. #11, 10¢, judged light holly green, affixed to upper left of envelope. Tied by “Montgomery Ala. / Apr. 26” (1864) black c.d.s. To “C.E. Cabaniss, Esq., Care of Commissary Depa(rtmen)t, Selma, Ala.” Four glassine hinges on verso, right front vertical edge trimmed flush, deckled tear at corresponding edge on verso, mottled toning on a rectangular interior portion of cover, not touching stamp, else good plus. Tiny rubber-stamp at upper right of major old-time collector “(Bernard L.) Rauh,” his “Collection of Very Fine U.S. & Foreign Covers Exclusively” sold at auction 1943. In 1912, his eponymous shirt factory in Cincinnati was said to “give employment to about 1,000 operatives...”--The Clothier and Furnisher, Vol. 81, p. 88. • With letter, from Richard P. Elgin, Montgomery, Apr. 24, 1864, 5 ³/4 x 9 ¹/4, 2 pp., on mocha sheet removed from a ledger. “I agree with you in wishing for our Old School days again...A boy never knows how to appreciate his school until it is too late...When did you hear from home? I am very anxious to hear something myself, for I have not recd. a letter from them in about six months...You know Roy (Wilson) used to be nearly dead to go into the army as well as myself...I expect if he can slip the pickets he will cross the lines & join some of those Cavalry Companies in North Ala. What do you think of joining now? There is a company of boys here in Cavalry from the University of Ala. They are all boys. I think if I could equip myself I would join them....” Elgin was evidently from Harrison County, Texas; his family owned property in Huntsville, Ala. Cabaniss, his addressee, had just enlisted on Mar. 1, 1864, in Dinwiddie, Va., as a Pvt. in 53rd Va. Infantry; he would be wounded in May, at Chester Station, Va. Evidently a member of the noted and large Southern family that included Elbridge Gerry Cabaniss, “one of the ablest lawyers of the Southern bar”--National Cyclopædia, Vol. 7, p. 500. Break but no separation at one fold, edge tear, else V.G. $250-350 (2 pcs.)

5-13. From Corinth – one of the Slowest Moving Battles of the Civil War.

Soldiers cover from “H.J. Carter, Price, c/o Adams’ Regt., Com(pany) C,” to “Mrs. Abbie A. Carter, Crawfordville, Miss.” Dense black handstamp “Due 5,” over pencil “5.” Large black “Corinth Miss / May 2” [1862] c.d.s. on verso, straddling flap. The sender, who also served in the Jefferson Davis Legion Cavalry, was here likely under Gen. Sterling Price, briefly combining forces with Gen. William Wirt Adams. Adams had declined Jefferson Davis’ offer to become the Confederacy’s first Postmaster Gen.; he was named Van Dorn’s Chief of Artillery at Corinth. Combined forces of some 176,000 had gathered at Corinth. On Apr. 29, the Union began slowly advancing. One of the war’s slowest-moving battles, it took the North almost a month to move twenty miles. Beauregard ultimately abandoned Corinth, but had dissuaded the Union from pushing further into Mississippi. Stain at top, edge wear, blank lower left corner diced, some toning, else about V.G. Adams-related material is scarce, additionally so with Corinth association. $160-200

5-14. From the Famous Toaspern and Walcott Collections.

Very scarce caricature patriotic, showing Southern gentleman carrying bale of cotton, “Oh dear! Dear! This is a much heavier burden that I had ever anticipated!” Ironically addressed to “Mr. Davis, President of the Jun(io)r Utica Cricket Club, Utica, N.Y.” Black c.d.s. Cambridge, M(as)s. Scott #26, intermediate shade of pale claret and pale orange brown. Few close perfs, as made, at upper left corner, else hairline margins all around. Small purple rubber stamp on verso of famed old-time philatelist Herman Toaspern, a leading philatelic personality and New York dealer in rare stamps, from late 19th century through 1920s; Sec. of the Collectors Club of N.Y., and a colleague of Scott. It is surmised that this was sold from his personal collection to Walcott. Old pencil notation on verso, “Walcott Sale 1935, 10.00.” With clipping from philatelic catalogue c. 1960s, stating “cost owner $42.50,” then a high price. Trimmed across top, lacking wide portion of flap, old glassine tape at top on verso, two center folds, some toning, handling, but satisfactory, and a desirable design with important provenance. Robert A. Siegel Galleries’ PowerSearch reports no examples of this design, 1930-present. Lawrence 1085. $160-200

5-15. To a Surgeon, in occupied sector in Alabama.

Pale cream envelope with printed franking “Head-Quarters United States Forces, Nashville, Tenn.,” addressed in a curious hand to “Surgeon J.M. Evans, 13th Reg. Wis. Vol. Infty., Stevenson, Ala. / By Courier.” No postage stamp used; apparently bore important contents from Union forces in occupied Nashville, to occupied sector in Alabama. One of the most widely-traveled units, the march of the 13th Wisconsin to Stevenson was a notable one, capturing a Confederate supply depot. Evans’ job was undoubtedly a trying one: fighting in the Battle of Nashville, the 13th later journeyed from Richmond to Texas, suffering setbacks in the 100-degree heat. “Lazarus” in pencil on verso. Minor flap tear, else fine. $65-85

5-16. Apparently in hand of Medal of Honor awardee Gen. Charles Smith.

Envelope to “Capt. Frank C. Loveland, H.Q. Rendezvous of Drafted Men, Philadelphia...,” with pencil notation, “From Gen. Smith Comd’g. / Brigade in / the field, M(ar)ch 1865,” likely Medal of Honor awardee Gen. Charles Henry Smith, who fought at Gettysburg, and possibly in his hand. Postmarked Washington, D.C., Mar. 24 (1865). Scott #65, good margins, interesting dull pale brown red, not reflected among McClung’s color chips nor indicated among list of dozens of other shades. Tear at blank lower edge, some soiling, else good plus. Loveland served through war in 6th Ohio Cavalry, rising to Col. His regiment fought in an unusually long list of battles, including Bull Run, Gettysburg, Yellow Tavern, Cold Harbor, and Appomattox. Research accompanies. Obscure and arcane nomenclature, found in only one instance, in the Supplement to the 80-volume Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies! Smith material is elusive, unlisted in Sanders and Seagrave. (By coincidence, among the three other commanding officers on Smith’s page in Official Records... is – George Custer; modern copy accompanies.) $100-130

5-17. Camp Scenes by Magnus.

Group of six different unused Union patriotic covers of the superbly drawn Charles Magnus “Camp Scene - From Photograph(s)” series, showing soldiers in variety of garb, horses, and tents. Richly detailed in the Magnus style, lithographed with a dense matte black, certainly formulated for such presswork. Nos. 9, 12, 15, 16, 18, and 20. Tiny square glassine hinge remnants at four corners on versos, else V.F. An old article by noted philatelist and publisher Hugh Clark expressed his belief that “most” of Magnus’ work was actually produced by Currier & Ives--American Collector magazine, May 1943. “...Magnus, a general lithographer, did a business similar to that of Currier & Ives. In fact, these two print-making firms had offices within a block of each other and their work is almost identical. Currier & Ives did work for other firms whose imprints appeared on the lithographs, which leads Hugh Clark to believe that most of the jobs signed ‘Charles Magnus’ were really done by Nathaniel Currier and James Merritt Ives, those familiar ‘Printmakers to the American People.’” While the Magnus-Currier & Ives connection has not been proven (or Clark’s files containing evidence were lost), the source of the rumor is credible. Clark joined the pioneer Scott Stamp and Coin Co. in 1912, becoming manager in 1914, co-editing the still-published Scott Catalogue with his wife, and buying the firm in 1935. For years he was Pres. of A.S.D.A., and was a founding member of the Philatelic Foundation. “Under Clark’s leadership, the Scott companies carried out an extensive newspaper and radio campaign to publicize the pleasures and rewards of stamp collecting...,” and was named to American Philatelic Hall of Fame in 1957--stamps.org. $120-150 (6 pcs.)

5-18. Hand-Watercolored by Magnus.

Beautiful multicolor seal of Maine on envelope by Charles Magnus, prepared for use of volunteer soldiers of Maine. “Regt...Camp...Co...State of Maine Vol.” to be filled in by sender. This included the troops led by Gen. Joshua Chamberlain during Battles of Antietam, Gettysburg, and Cold Harbor. Six lovely colors: crimson, indigo, pink, aqua, sun-yellow, and rich gold applied by the skilled (but woefully underpaid) artists in Magnus’ (or Currier & Ives’) shop under the Brooklyn Bridge--see discussion in Lot 5-17. Trivial edge toning, else excellent. Weiss ST-466. $40-50

5-19. “Care of Gen. Pickett.”

Cover addressed to Confederate “Lt. Edward R. Baird, Care of Gen. Pickett, Richmond, Va.” #11, four wide margins, pen cancelled. Light manuscript “South (Anna?) Dec. 18.” A Sgt. in 9th Va. Cavalry, in Feb. 1862 Baird was detailed to Pickett’s staff; promoted to Capt. and aide-de-camp in 1863. At Gettysburg with Pickett; Baird surrendered with Lee at Appomattox. Long diagonal tear at upper left quadrant, and nickel-size semi-circular edge tear beside; address and stamp unaffected; some postal and handling creases, light toning, else about V.G. and clean. $140-180

6-1. An Irony: Taxing Indians who lease “negroes and other slaves....”

Rare, significant pamphlet, “Acts and Resolutions of the General Assembly of the State of South-Carolina - Passed in Dec., 1803,” Daniel & J.J. Faust, State Printers, Columbia: 1804. 4 ³/4 x 7 ¹/2, 86 pp. Fascinating, wide-ranging content, including tax schedule for ten classes of swampland: “...Within 20 miles of Charleston, and on John’s Island and James Island...$4 per acre...All lands on the sea Islands (Slann’s Is. included)...capable of cultivation in corn, cotton, or indigo...$4...All oak and hickory high lands, lying below Snow Hill...$3...Oak and hickory high lands above the Old Indian Boundary Line...[as low as] 20¢ per acre...50¢ per head shall be levied upon all slaves; $2 per head on all free negroes, mulattoes and mestizoes...All negroes and other slaves, who are employed on any lands, leased by any person of the Catawba Indians, shall be...liable to payment of this tax....” Another Act, authorizing issuance of copies of land grants to South Carolinians “in the hazard of losing their lands, because, during the revolution” many lost their titles, deeds, and papers. Altering “An act respecting Slaves, Free Negroes, Mulattoes and Mestizoes, for enforcing the more punctual performance of Patrol duty and to impose certain restrictions on the emancipation of Slaves,” decreeing that they may not “break into” a meeting place before 9 P.M. when it contains a majority of white persons. Act establishing tobacco inspection in Charleston. Act establishing South Carolina College. Lengthy amendments of “the several acts respecting importation or bringing into this state, from beyond seas, or elsewhere, negroes and other persons of colour...,” including those from Bahamas, West-India islands, continent of South America, or French West-India islands “not concerned in any resurrection or rebellion”--pp. 48-53. Each Act signed-in-type by Pres. of Senate John Gaillard. Title leaf and pp. 27-28 uniformally browned with some edge chipping, balance quite fresh and fine. Title leaf loose where disbound; remnants of calf and three gilt letters remain on spine. In period hand, all pages renumbered by user; marginal notations in a precise hand, and the words “and Resolutions” on title page crossed out. WorldCat locates only 3 copies (at Temple, N.Y. State Library, and University of Chicago). No copies on Abebooks. RareBookHub records no copies at auction or in dealers’ catalogues, c. 1858-present. Excessively rare on the market; the 1803 Act on importation of “negroes and other persons of colour” is historically significant. $550-750

6-2. “The rebellious spirit” in slave George.

Letter with stark slave-related content, from Robt. L. Cowne, Somerville, Va., June 21, 1847, 7 ¹/4 x 12, 1 p. + 4-line postscript on verso. Integral address-leaf, unusual “Somerville, Va. / June 21” straight-line cancel and “paid 5,” both in brownish charcoal-black. To Thomas M. Cowne, Jr., Staunton, Augusta County, Va. “We have at length got the mill in operation, which has cost a good deal, & as was contemplated have to dispose of some property to defray the expense. After due reflection upon the rebellious spirit constantly appearing in George, we are all of opinion that it will be to our interest as well as yours, to dispose of him. He is hired out and the man with whom he is, complains of him and has frequently recommended to me to get clear of him as soon as we could, upon reasonable terms. Should you approve of it, I will put John in his place, & secure him in the same manner George now stands...There is only a few months difference in their ages. John is a much more valuable hand on the farm & of stronger constitution...We will not do anything contrary to your wish... altho(ugh) the younger Negroes are becoming every day more valuable....” Postscript on verso, “When you come down I will pay you the money for the clothes you sent me. I am afraid to trust it by letter as I think the one sent you in Dec. last miscarried.” First signature curiously torn away (leaving signature on postscript unaffected), probably to denote settling their balances, which also included $20 which the recipient’s mother “has not touched....” Neat old reinforcements with glassine strips, else fine. These Somerville markings listed in American Stampless Cover Catalog, “revised ed.” (1971, c.v. 40.00); but unlisted in forerunner Kornwiser Catalog (1952), or 1965, 1978, or 1993 editions. $110-140

6-3. Clothing for Slaves: “Negro Goods,” “Kentucky Jeans,” and Osnaburgs for “the Southern and Western trade.”

Attractive two-color advertising circular, New York City, July 1, 1850, 9 ¹/4 x 11 ¹/4, 2 printed pp., detailing wide range of merchandise - including “Negro Goods” (mentioned prominently on both pp.) - offered by Henrys, Smith & Townsend, “Importers and Jobbers of Staple & Fancy Dry Goods.” Announcing move to their new premises at 119 Broadway, corner Cedar St. Blue and red on robin’s-egg blue. Pink “New-York / Jul 7 / Paid / 3 cts” cancel on integral address-leaf. To Battie & McKay, Laurens C.H., S.C. “...Usual assortment, with all the new styles...Foreign goods have been purchased by Mr. Townsend, whose long experience and uninterrupted intercourse with the Southern and Western trade has enabled him to select for those sections with great advantage. They especially invite your attention to their extensive range of Blankets, Negro Goods, Brown Domestics and Osnaburgs....” (Osnaburg was a type of hard-wearing, cheap, coarse brown linen worn by slaves; named for the German city of its origin, it was often made of flax or jute. Booker T. Washington remembered his Osnaburg clothing as “a hundred pin points in contact with the flesh.” Slaves often tinted their garments with berries or other pigments to give brighter colors to their Osnaburgs for church.) Inviting buyers to their “new and commodious store” promptly to obtain “the most desirable Colors and Patterns. Cotton, and Southern and Western Produce in general, received and sold on Commission.” Inside, longer descriptions of a dozen categories, including “Prints - French and English...Turkey Red, Furnitures...,” Men’s Wear including early offering of “Kentucky Jeans, of all colors and qualities...some entirely new and very handsome mixtures,” Irish Linens, Curtain Materials, Hosiery of all kinds, Blankets, “Negro Blankets of all kinds - Negro Goods - The largest and best assortment of Kerseys [another type of cloth used for slaves’ clothing] ever offered...Lowell White [denoting “Negro cloth” made in Lowell, Mass.] and Copperas Jeans [probably referring to textiles dyed a rich brown color with walnut hulls], Lowell George Plains, Brown Tweed Jeans, White Cable Twist Cordaville Woolseys...Black Washington Jeans...,” “Linseys - Checks and Stripes, for Servants’ wear, Choctaw, Carolina, Marlboro and Richmond Stripes,” “Osnaburgs...Twilled, Alabama, Georgia, and Virginia, of the best makes,” and more. Old mailing folds, fragment at blank lower right tip lacking, several short edge tears, else good, and fascinating for display. In this period - as the Gold Rush was reaching fever pitch - commercial references to jeans, especially in such descriptive assortments, are very uncommon. An aspect of antebellum America for which collectibles are elusive. $175-275

6-5. “Ringing the Bell” – when France Promised to Abolish the Slave Trade.

Splendid manuscript D.S. of Joseph Currier, receiving payment from whaling town of Newburyport, Mass., Aug. 8, 1815, 4 ¹/2 x 7 ¹/4. “For Ringing the Bell in commemoration of the great events in Europe omitted last year, June 15, 1814, 50¢; For ringing 18 Bells for Town Meetings, Mar. 27-July 28, 1815, $3.” The former bell-ringing likely for the First Treaty of Paris, May 30, 1814, which included France’s recognition of independence of the Netherlands, German and Italian states, and Switzerland – and by which France promised to abolish the slave trade. The complexities of the Paris Treaty led to the lengthy Congress of Vienna, “one of the most brilliant international assemblies of modern times”--An Encyclopedia of World History, compiled and edited by Prof. William L. Langer, 1948, p. 601. Old folds, toned at left quarter, but pleasing and fine. $70-100

6-6. An African Newspaper: “Rejoiced at seeing so many ‘Merica man and ‘Merica woman.”

Rare black-themed newspaper, Africa’s Luminary, printed in Monrovia, Liberia, Nov. 15, 1839, Vol. I, No. 17. 12 ¹/4 x 17 ³/4, 4 pp. Masthead wood engraving showing two black men being shown the way, by a white, to Salvation - a newspaper held by a woman hoisting Liberty cap, an ancient printing press behind. Highly unusual title, edited by John Seys, published “by a committee for the Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church.” Lengthy article, continued from previous installment, on missions in the Sandwich Islands. Letter to editor on “murder of one of our American boys by the natives of Little Bassa. Just before the expedition that was fitted out by our governor for Little Bassa to break up a slaver’s establishment...he was caught by the natives and murdered after two days’ imprisonment...He said to them, ‘men what is the matter!’ They said to him, ‘the ’Mericans, your brothers have come from the cape (meaning Mesurado [near Monrovia] and taken all our strangers’ money (meaning the slavers’ goods) and you shall die to pay for it...’Merica man be ’Merica man’....” Mention of slavery in China; Spanish slave ship captured in Barbados. Discussion of difficulty traveling in interior of Africa, believing it degrading to pay Africans to carry white men. “We all arrived safely, and were kindly and affectionately received. The native brethren and sisters, men, women, and children, ran out to meet and welcome us...truly rejoiced at seeing so many ’Merica man and ’Merica woman....” Obituary of Solomon Bayley, born a slave in Delaware, migrating to Liberia, and becoming a preacher. Old soft folds, minor foxing, else fine. $125-175

6-7. Emancipation before Lincoln – “They cried, they sang, they prayed....”

Dramatic pamphlet, “An Address delivered in...Concord, Mass., on 1st Aug. 1844, on the Anniversary of the Emancipation of the Negroes in the British West Indies,” by R(alph) W(aldo) Emerson. Boston, 1844. 5 ¹/2 x 9, 34 pp., tan wrappers. “Second Thousand,” however “the sheets of such copies appear to be the same printing as those copies issued without notice.”--Bibliography of American Literature. One of the New England Transcendentalist poets speaks of this emancipation - some two decades before America’s - as a moral revolution. “...The negroes were called together by the missionaries and by the planters, and the news explained to them...At midnight...on their knees, the silent, weeping assembly became men...they cried, they sang, they prayed, they were wild with joy, but there was no riot...I have never read anything in history more touching than the moderation of the negroes....” Covers nearly separated where original binder’s paste dried, few tiny edge chips, else text very fine and fresh. This example sold by us about forty years ago, now reemerged. BAL 5199. Howe Library RWE 38. Myerson 17.1.a. $200-275

6-8. Biblical Support for Slavery – and a Northern Clergy’s Rebuttal.

Domestic Slavery considered as a Scriptural Institution, “In a Correspondence between the Rev. Richard Fuller, of Beaufort, S.C., and the Rev. Francis Wayland, of Providence, R.I.,” N.Y. and Boston, 1845, “revised and corrected” edition in this first year of publication. 3 ³/4 x 6, 254 pp., light salmon wrappers. Gentlemanly antebellum debate between abolitionist Wayland and pro-slavery Fuller, “my friend and brother,” on whether slavery is sanctioned by the Bible. Starting as a response to Fuller’s letter to a theological journal offering Biblical support for slavery, it mushroomed into a voluminous personal correspondence. Here published in book form, “in order that both of the views taken of this subject might be presented together both at the North and the South....” In all, fifteen very long letters were exchanged, their impassioned interpretations showcasing two brilliant minds wrestling with slavery, sin, and guilt. The Southern clergyman maintains that “the Southern States (are) not answerable for the existence of domestic slavery, slavery is not to be confused with the abuses of slavery,” and compares the condition of slaves with that of laborers in other countries. Fuller continues, “I think, my dear brother, it will appear to yourself...that in order to justify your condemnation of slavery, as always a crime, you have constantly found it necessary to surcharge it with merely imaginary, or at worst, accidental evils, and to blacken it as much as possible...” (p. 162). The Northern churchman asserts that “slavery (is) a violation of human right,” and discusses the duties devolving on Christian slaveholders. The sheer voluminousness of their exchanges bears the depth of their respective feelings on slavery; it becomes apparent that civil war, albeit some sixteen years in the future, was a firm prospect, with profound convictions on both sides. Lacking front wrapper; title page, spine, and back cover present, the latter lacking lower left triangular corner about 1 x 1 ¹/2, affecting few words of bookseller’s advertisement; corner wear last seven leaves, affecting no text; semicircular ink spot at blank edge of first three leaves, some handling wear, but about very good. An important teaching tool, its significance reaching far beyond its theologic title. Scarce on the market; abebooks lists three bound copies, at 950.00, 863.00, and 750.00. RareBookHub reports only four copies in historical records, in 2013, 1990, 1959, and 1906! $400-600

6-9. Tax on Slaves and ... Clocks.

Partly printed receipt for tax on “Land, Money, Watches, Slaves, Jail, Town Lots, Bank Stock, Clocks, Poll, Poor, Merchandize, Carriages, Cattle, Bridges.” 3 x 6 ¹/4. Natchez, Adams County, Miss., 1844. Natchez boasted more millionaires than Manhattan. Signed by Sheriff and Tax Collector S.B. Newman(?). Old folds, uniform toning, else fine. $50-70

6-10. Border Crisis in Maine – and International Cooperation in Suppressing the Slave Trade.

Pamphlet, the renowned Webster Ashburton Treaty, establishing America’s northeastern border between Maine and New Brunswick, in the aftermath of a civil war within Canada in the late 1830s, and creating a procedure for joint anti-slavery naval activities. “Mr. (Daniel) Webster’s Vindication of the Treaty of Washington of 1842; in a Speech delivered in the Senate of the U.S...,” Washington, 1846, 5 ¹/4 x 8 ¹/2, 85 pp., marbled fore-edges. Including large folding map, finely engraved, original simple watercolored borders in blue, pink, and green. On the African Squadron, Webster upholds “the right of search...(in) the interests of humanity, and to the general cause of civilization throughout the world...Respecting the suppression of the African slave trade by a squadron of our own...”--pp. 67-69. Further eloquent discussion of slave trade, urging that “...all markets be shut against the purchase of African negroes...”--p. 81.1” tear at map’s blank edge where tipped; average foxing. Elsewhere, text more extensively foxed; dogear at corner of title and next leaf, disbound from larger volume, else good plus. A significant event in antebellum America, taught in social studies classes as late as the 1970s. American Imprints 46-7389. MU Daniel Webster Speeches Collection 45 (variant). Nineteenth-Century Legal Treatises, 75293. Williamson 10426. $65-90

6-11. Kiah, “our free man Servt.” and a dog named Spot.

Lengthy letter of E. Abbott, Elmore, (Va.), Nov. 21, 1846, 3 full pp., plus witty message in his wife’s hand encircling address-leaf panel. 7 ³/4 x 9 ³/4. Manuscript “Farrowsville, Va. / 10.” To sister Sarah Jane Abbott, Wilton, N.H. “...Nancy, our free and at present only Servt. girl is kneading the bread for tomorrow morning. We like her well. A half hour ago she asked me to write an answer to a letter which she received from a devoted lover making proposals to marry her. I expect to write the letter after she has made the bread...Today I bought a cow for 15 Dolls. whose calf has just been killed and sold for 7 Dolls. by Dr. Stribling. From this gentleman Sarah [also the writer’s wife’s name] received a present of a fine spotted pointer of very remarkably fine breed. His name...is Spot. Kiah, our free man Servt. brought him about a mile with a rope around his neck. I put him in the end room beyond the school room. He is almost too much distressed to eat, poor dog. I suppose he is homesick...I rode over my corn field and with the 150 bushels of corn already in the granary, I think I shall have about 250 bushels of corn for our supply the coming year. I rode through the woods and found 21 trees already lying on the ground. I must burn them before I have the others cut down...This incident occurred about day-break. It was the crowing of our chicken cock. I assure you he is a hopeful animal and I have no doubt it will not be his fault if I don’t get up early in the morning. I had designed to have him on the table soon. But I told my wife, the very first feeble effort he made, I would save him. I love to hear him....” Two words affected where opened at wax seal, else clearly penned, and fine. Farrowsville, today known as Markham, was “the northern point of a stage line that came in from Culpeper...an important colonial north-south corridor. In the early 1800s, Farrowsville boasted at least eight mills, powered by the headwaters of Goose Creek...The town was a center of military activity during the Civil War because of its strategic location...”--visitfauquier.com. An uncommon letter mentioning both male and female free servants in the antebellum South. $120-150

6-12. Rebutting Democrats’ Defense of Slavery in 1848 Presidential Race.

Pro-Zachary Taylor, anti-Lewis Cass printed “Letter of Hon. Dudley Marvin, of N.Y.,” responding to a constituent asking if “a person honestly opposed to the extension of slavery could support...either nominee....” Dated Aug. 2, 1848 at conclusion, 6 x 9 ¹/4, 8 pp., untrimmed at top, but easily read by opening to full press-sheet size. Printed by J. & G.S. Gideon, probably Washington. A closely-reasoned, eloquent commentary on slavery by Marvin, originally a Democratic-Republican, here a Whig: “...I assume the question of free or slave territory...to be paramount to all others...The present Congress will pass no law which shall sanction the existence of slavery in the territories recently acquired from Mexico. Indeed, the recent votes in relation to Oregon may well warrant the presumption that no bill can pass the present House of Reps. which does not contain a prohibitory clause...The question of the next Presidency becomes material....” Quoting Polk’s Democratic platform in favor of slavery, advanced at their Baltimore convention: “That all efforts of the Abolitionists...made to induce Congress to interfere with questions of slavery...are calculated to lead to the most alarming and dangerous consequences; and that all such efforts have an unevitable tendency to diminish the happiness of the people, and endanger the stability and permanent of the Union....” Lewis Cass added that he adheres to this Democratic “platform of our political faith, and I adhere to them as firmly as I approve them cordially....” Tracing the history of slavery and its prohibition from 1798, to Louisiana Purchase, and beyond. Referring to the “peculiar institution of the South” – slavery – and Wilmot Proviso, which extended provisions of the Ordinance of 1787 over California and New Mexico territories. Marginal creases, file soiling at blank left and right margins, handling evidence, else good. An incisive rebuttal of the Democrats’ pro-slavery posture, and showing analytical prowess of abolitionist politicians. An ephemeral publication, likely printed in modest quantity. WorldCat locates only three examples (one curiously in University of Bristol Library, U.K.). In Sabin, but RareBookHub reports no copies at auction c. 1858 to present. $110-140

6-13. “Where would the slaves go, if they could run away?”

Utterly fascinating “Speech of Hon. Frank P. Blair, Jr., of Mo., on the Acquisition of Territory in Central and South America, to be Colonized with Free Blacks, and held as a Dependency of the U.S.,” delivered in House of Reps., Jan. 14, 1858. Washington: 1858. 6 x 9, 81 pp. “...There is a party in this country who go for the extension of slavery; and these predatory incursions against our neighbors are the means by which territory is to be seized, planted with slavery, annexed to this Union, and, in combination with the present slaveholding States, made to dominate this Government and the entire continent...In order to oppose it...we should recur to the plans cherished by the great men who founded this Republic...We ought to put it out of the power of any body of men to plant slavery anywhere on this continent, by taking immediate steps to give to all of these countries that require it, and especially to the Central American States, the power to sustain free institutions under stable Governments...Our enfranchised slaves...who would willingly embrace the offer to form themselves into a colony, under protection of our flag...What I propose is not new; it is bottomed on the reasoning...of Mr. (Thomas) Jefferson...I make this proposition to meet, oppose, and defeat that which seeks by violence to reestablish slavery, reopen the African slave trade...Where would the slaves go, if they could run away?...What States would receive five million of slaves?...Nor can the masters run away from their slaves, unless the South is ready to become a San Domingo....” Some light foxing and toning, last leaf separated but complete, first two leaves with ordinary bindery creases, else about very good. Reprinted in recent years, as original printings are elusive. RareBookHub records no copies at auction or in dealers’ catalogues in some 165 years. An unusual, wide-scope approach to freedom, which would imminently require a civil war to resolve. $80-110

6-14. “All that is bad in Slavery...”: Democrats vs. Republicans.

Pro-Lincoln-Hamlin pamphlet, “The Republican Party; Its Origin, Necessity & Permanence.” Speech of Hon. Charles Sumner, before Young Men’s Republican Union of N.-Y., July 11, 1860. 6 x 9 ¹/4, 16 pp., black on apricot wrappers. A key tract in Republican literature, the eloquent orator drawing stark lines between the two major parties’ views of slavery, “...one the leader in all the pretensions of Slavery and of slave masters, and the other as the champion of Freedom. Mr. Calhoun regarded Slavery as a permanent institution; Mr. Adams regarded it as something transitory. Mr. Calhoun vaunted it as a form of civilization; Mr. Adams scorned it as an unquestionable barbarism...Never was great conflict destinated to involve a great country more distinctly foreshadowed...It is now an attested fact that Mr. Buchanan became President through corruption...Notes were purchased in Philadelphia, enough to turn the election, and in the chain of cause and effect, to assure the triumph of the Democratic candidate...All that is bad in Slavery - its audacity, its immorality, its cruelty, its robbery, its meanness, its barbarous disregard of human obligation....” Much more on the Republican goals of abolishing the slave trade, and mentioning Lincoln and Hamlin, the ticket nominated just two months before. Cleanly separated into three segments along spine, two old horizontal folds, some handling and edge wear, but about very good. Four years earlier, Sumner was infamously attacked by Preston Brooks, taking years to recover. $80-110

6-15. An Early Wartime Report on Black Living Conditions – The Port Royal Experiment.

Significant pamphlet, “The Negroes at Port Royal - Report of E.L. Pierce, Government Agent, to the Hon. Salmon P. Chase, Sec. of the Treasury,” based on the author’s assignment to the Sea Islands in late 1861. Pub. by B.F. Wallcut, Boston: 1862. 4 ³/4 x 7 ¹/2, 36 pp. Pierce, a Harvard Law graduate and delegate to 1860 Republican National Convention which nominated Lincoln, enlisted briefly as a private. Sent to Fort Monroe, Va., he gathered and organized blacks to work on military entrenchments. Next sent to Port Royal, S.C. later in 1861, Pierce observed the condition of blacks living in the Sea Islands. Becoming known as the Port Royal Experiment, it was “the first major attempt by Northerners to reconstruct the Southern political and economic system, began only seven months after the firing on Fort Sumter. On Nov. 7, 1861, the Union occupied S.C.’s Sea Islands, freeing approximately 10,000 slaves...”--accompanying modern research. The present pamphlet was Pierce’s initial report. Pierce writes that if the plan is “accepted and crowned with success, history will have the glad privilege of recording that this wicked and unprovoked rebelllion was not without compensations most welcome to our race. What, then, should be the true system of administration here?...” Describing situations of “laborers collected at the camps at Hilton Head and Beaufort,” and mentioning Pinckney, St. Helena, Port Royal, Spring, Daufuskie, Cat, Cane, Ladies’, and North Edisto Islands. “Commodious barracks have been erected for these people, and a guard protects their quarters...There is scarcely any profanity among them, more than half of the adults being members of churches...They are conducted with fervent devotion by themselves alone or in presence of a white clergyman...They close with what is called ‘a glory shout,’ one joining hands with another...beating time with the foot. A fastidious religionist might object to this exercise...As an evidence of the effects of the new system in inspiring self-reliance...the other evening they called a meeting of their own accord, and voted...that they should provide the candles for their meetings....” Briefly describing a school for blacks from Beaufort, with 60 pupils, 6 to 15 years old: “They are rapidly learning their letters and simple reading. The teachers are of the same race with the taught...The name of one is John Milton....” Ex-lib. stamp. Sliver chipped (but preserved) at top blank edge of cover, dust-toning front and rear leaves; somewhat brittle, with diagonal breaks at lower right portion of front cover and next three leaves, partially reinforced with modern tape, and basic conservation here suitable; text in two blocks, where once sewn, else internally clean and about fine. Reprinted in recent years, as original printings are very scarce. AbeBooks lists one copy only, at 1000.00. Among its nearly 14 million records, RareBookHub finds no copies at auction or in dealers’ catalogues. Our estimate more than allows for reasonable attention by a conservator. Vital primary source evidence of the coming road to freedom. Rare. $550-750

6-16. Hair from “a nice little black three year old boy” for Christmas.

Letter of Union soldier Brayton A. Penny, 108th Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Memphis, Dec. 17, 1862, 4 ³/4 x 7 ³/4, 3 ¹/4 pp. Signed with highly unusual field rubber stamp, with bold ornamental characters. To his mother in Mt. Hawley, Peoria County, Ill. “...We leave here for Vicksburg in the morning. There is about one hundred thousand troops here that are agoing tomorrow. I expect that there is agoing to be a battle fought there. We may not go. There is a good deal of fuss among the men and officers. The officers haven’t got their commissions yet. Old Raney has left the regiment and gone home...We are agoing out on review and I think that the general will leave us here for we can’t get out, only about 300 on dress parade. The weather is very pleasant here. We go in our shirt sleeves through the day...Cotton is worth from 50 to 60¢ a pound by the bale. We had some fried much [mush] for brakefast [sic]...We had a funeral yesterday. We berried our Orderly Sgt. George Morris and another young man. There is a great many sick in this regiment...Would like to be home Crismas and New Years but as I can’t you can eat a chicken for me...Here I put in some nig(g)er wool & sent it to Aunt Lib [not present]. Tell her I sent it for a Cristmas gift & got it off from a nice little black three year old boy....” Ink a trifle light but as written, modest fold and handling wear, else very good. The Union’s first move against Vicksburg was foiled on Dec. 20-25, just days after this writer’s news, both Grant and Sherman meeting failure. The tide turned, however, and “coming the day after the Federal victory at Gettysburg, the fall of Vicksburg sounded the death knell of the Confederate cause...the South cut in half...Ulysses Grant had achieved one of the most brilliant military successes in history”--Boatner. Writer Penny would not witness its complete unfolding; he was discharged in Apr. 1863 for disability. • With yellow envelope, Memphis c.d.s., intact 3¢ at upper left. Fragment of cover lacking at lower right. • Older exhibition page on which both items were hinged, with calligraphic captions, identifying cover as example of the first Memphis occupation townmark. Interesting. $160-200 (3 pcs.)

6-17. The Beast of New Orleans – and Arming the Slaves.

Pamphlet, “Character and Results of the War - How to Prosecute and how to End it - A Thrilling and Eloquent Speech by Maj. Gen. B(enjamin) F(ranklin) Butler,” Loyal Publication Society, no. 7, printed by Wm. C. Bryant & Co., N.Y. Apparently delivered early 1863, at a public dinner in Butler’s honor at the Fifth Ave. Hotel, including introduction by Mayor. 5 ³/4 x 8 ³/4, 16 pp. Butler laments, “...What shall be done with the slaves?...It is for the conqueror...to deal with slaves as it pleases, to free them or not as it chooses...in relation to the question of arming the negro slaves...Their fathers would not have been slaves, but that they were captives in war, in their own country, in hand to hand fights among the several chiefs....” On another subject with which he was well acquainted, “The ladies of New Orleans knew whether they were safe... The men of New Orleans knew whether life and property were safe...And I believe the colored troops held Florida, at the last accounts...Nassau [Bahamas] has been a naval arsenal for pirate rebel boats to refit in. Kingston has been the coal depot, and Barbados has been the dancing hall to fete pirate chieftains in....” Butler had just been relieved in Dec. 1862, partly provoked by his controversial “Woman Order” in New Orleans. Exhibiting “a genius for arousing adverse criticism at home and embarrassing his government in Europe...” (--Boatner), he was later a Presidential candidate. Sun-toning of two margins of cover, soiling along two old very soft folds on last page only, moderate edge wear, else good plus. $50-70

6-18. Preventing Starvation of Freedmen and Refugees.

Reconstruction-era printed General Order providing food for freed slaves. Washington, Apr. 3, 1867, 5 x 7 ¹/4, 1 p. Signed-in-type by A.A.G. E.D. Townsend. “Resolution for relief of the destitute in the Southern and Southwestern States...The Sec. of War...is empowered and directed to issue supplies of food sufficient to prevent starvation and extreme want to any and all classes of destitute or helpless persons...in those Southern and Southwestern States where a failure of the crops...have occasioned wide-spread destitution; that the issues be made through the Freedmen’s Bureau...to supply freedmen and refugees....” One vertical fold, remnant of mounting on verso at blank lower left corner, else fine. $90-120

6-19. Frederick Douglas and other Luminaries of Postwar Civil Rights.

Very rare ticket to the famed Parker Fraternity Lectures, “Thirteenth Series,” Music Hall, Boston, 1870. Persimmon orange card, 2 ³/4 x 4 ¹/2. On one side, schedule of lecturers, each on a Tues. evening between Oct. 11-Dec. 20, these including Wendell Phillips, Mrs. Scott Siddons, D.R. Locke, Carl Schurz, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Anna E. Dickinson, and, on Dec. 13, “Frederic Douglas.” “Concert on the Great Organ” a half-hour before each lecture. On other side, highly ornate typography for the lecture series, names of lecture committee members, seat F-1247 numbered at edge, but tapped on this side only with a powder-puff of lampblack at the door, to render ticket void upon admission without the customary tearing in half. Verso with list of lecturers unaffected. Two pinholes, light tip wear, else very good. The first ticket for a Frederick Douglas speaking engagement we have handled; research reveals (modern copy accompanies) that his subject that night was “Our Composite Nationality.” Remarkable evidence of the stature attained by Douglas by this time, occupying the top tier of the “lyceum circuit” of renowned speakers. One modern source places two men at the very pinnacle: Mark Twain – and Frederick Douglas. In this year, 1870, Douglas launched his New National Era newspaper in Washington. Fearing no reader, when Robert E. Lee passed away that Oct., Douglas wrote an excoriating editorial on Lost Cause sentimentalism. It is not known whether this ticket was used on the evening Douglas spoke, but it is possible. (It may also have been a season ticket, presented at each of the lectures by the patron.) Highly suited for display. Another example recently offered on abebooks at 1725.00. RareBookHub finds no examples at auction among its nearly 14 million records. No examples of any Parker Fraternity lecture tickets of any year at WorldCat. Image of lecturer side at left; request image of powder-puffed side. $700-950

6-20. Perhaps the First Black to Appear before the U.S. Supreme Court – a Forgotten Chapter in African-American History.

Cabinet-size sepia photograph of wash artwork depicting “His Honor and Bijah in Court,” by A. Willard, published by J.F. Ryder, Cleveland, perhaps intended for publication. 4 ¹/4 x 6 ¹/2, judged c. 1870s. Bijah was the husband of Lucy Terry Prince, one of the first published black poets in America. Born around 1730, at age five she was kidnapped from her family in Africa. A servant in Deerfield, Mass., she was baptized at the height of Jonathan Edwards’ “Great Awakening,” and admitted to fellowship of the white Church. By her teenage years, she was already held in esteem by her neighbors, and considered the village poet and historian. Witnessing the Bars Fight - a ghastly Indian massacre - she wrote two poetic versions of the battle, now considered the fullest contemporary account which has survived. In 1756, Lucy married Abijah Prince, who had been freed by his master, Rev. Doolittle of Northfield. By law, Lucy and her ultimately nine children should have remained slaves; no one seems to know how she managed it, but she and her family were never enslaved again. Lucy and Bijah lived near today’s Deerfield Academy; young people gathered in her kitchen at night to hear her stories and original poems. Bijah’s claim to his land was contested, triggering a legal battle landing on the docket of the recently formed U.S. Supreme Court. Pitted against two leading lawyers (one the future Chief Justice of Vermont), Lucy herself argued her husband’s case. She not only won, but presiding Judge Samuel Chase was so impressed by her logic and passion that he exclaimed, “Lucy made a better argument than he had ever heard from a lawyer in Vermont.” Next, deciding that her eldest son should have an education, Lucy applied on his behalf at Williams College. Despite her impassioned presentation before the College’s Board, it was the only battle she is known to have lost. Believed to have lived to age 110, “In the lives of Abijah and Lucy is found a realistic romance going behind the wildest flights of fiction.”--“...Black Pioneer and Poet,” by Linda Hecker, guilfordvt.com. Minor handling evidence and toning of mount, else about very good, and perhaps a unique survivor in cabinet form. (The art was also prepared as a matted print, of which only one example is located.) $110-140

6-21. From Gruesome Slave-Trader to Religious Vision of Freedom.

Genealogical history, The Benson Family of Newport, R.I., by Wendell Phillips Garrison, privately printed, The Nation Press, N.Y.: Dec. 1872, 5 ¹/2 x 9, 65 pp., index, gilt title on moss green cloth, milk chocolate endleaves, black on ecru text. Lamenting the wholesale loss of the family’s papers during the British occupation, the author begins at 1714. Frequent mention of the Benson’s immersion in the slave trade, their ships also carrying gold-dust, ivory, rum, and sugar. Third-American-generation Martin Benson “continued the African trade upon which his father had entered, and resided for a number of years on the coast of Africa...for some time Gov. of the Island of Goree. When he returned home brought with him a large property, his bottled gold-dust alone requiring two wheelbarrow loads to transfer it from ship to shore....” Description of John Benson’s c. 1761 voyage to Barbados, selling sugar to buy slaves and rum. “Mr. Benson notes that he saw there, ‘at high-water mark, the heads of slaves, fixed upon sharp pointed stakes....’ His ship ran aground, seeking shelter near “Musquito Inlet...Of 25 - it is not clear whether this included the poor slaves - 16 were lost....” Finding his way back to Newport, five weeks thence “he embarked on the schooner Polly, for Africa. They made for Sierra Leone, then to Anamaboe, where they bought 90 slaves, then set sail for Guadaloupe, where, not finding a market for their human merchandise, kept on to Monte Christi, and sold to the Spaniards....” On his next trip to Sierra Leone, “20 miles up the river they took in slaves and rice to feed them with, then sailed to the Gold Coast. This was a rendezvous for slavers....” Describing a “Dunko negro” who saved the crew in a mutiny of slaves, but “this faithful black was disposed of along with the rest” when sold at Guadaloupe for sugar. “I blush to record so infamous a deed.” John Benson entered a trance aboard ship, and “experienced a vision...which changed completely his views as to the sinfulness of slave-trading, as well as awakened his religious nature with startling power....” Abandoning his seafaring life, Benson became a Baptist minister. Beginning in 1775, a contemporary member of the family, George Benson, campaigned vigorously to abolish slavery; in 1790, he was a signatory to a R.I. Act “for the Relief of Persons unlawfully held in Bondage, and for improving the Condition of the African Race.” The organization was patterned after Ben Franklin’s Pennsylvania Society of nearly identical name - which elected Benson an honorary member. As late as 1834, George Benson served as Pres. of the New England Anti-Slavery Society. Moderate shelf wear, leaves browned, some inner hinges splitting from dryness, else very satisfactory. Because of the work’s highly limited printing, much of the information within is presumed unavailable elsewhere. RareBookHub finds 10 copies at auction between 1875 and 1920, then one more in 2012. $120-150

6-22. North Carolina decrees no discrimination between white and colored children in schools.

Important Reconstruction pamphlet, “Amendments to the Constitution of North Carolina, Proposed by the Constitutional Convention of 1875.” 6 x 9, 70 pp., sewn, lacking cover. Printed on groundwood adversity paper using heavily battered type, likely in N.C.; in old pencil on back cover, “...Distributed by E. Newsom.” Each amendment signed-in-type by Pres. of Convention E. Ransom and Sec. Johnstone Jones, Preface dated Oct. 19, 1875. Beginning with “Amendments to Article One (Declaration of Rights),” adding the words, “But secret political societies are dangerous to the liberties of a free people, and should not be tolerated.” Innumerable other changes to the state’s Constitution, including, “Nothing herein contained shall justify the practice of carrying concealed weapons...”; members of N.C. General Assembly to receive 10¢ per mile for travel; “Judicial power of the State shall be vested in a Court for the trial of Impeachments...”; “The children of the white race and the children of the colored race shall be taught in separate public schools, but there shall be no discrimination made in favor of, or to the prejudice of, either race”--p. 23; rules on farming out convicts for hard labor; “All marriages between a white person and a negro, or between a white person and a person of negro descent to the third generation, are hereby forever prohibited. Read three times and ratified in open Convention...”; and more. Followed by full text of the revised Constitution: “...No person who shall hereafter fight a duel, or assist in the same...shall hold any office in this State....” Prominent semicircular waterstain at upper right corner of first seven leaves; water spots on blank final leaf, scattered edge chipping, else satisfactory. No copies on Abebooks. RareBookHub records no copies. Very rare. $275-350

6-23. An Early Republican Link to Abolitionism.

Rare carte of antebellum advocate for black equality and civil rights George William Curtis, writer, public speaker, and a founder of Republican Party. C. 1890. On cream verso, stylish imprint of “Warren’s, 289 Washington St., Boston / Under Superintendence of Mr. S.B. Heald.” Joining the Transcendental Brook Farm communal experiment in 1842, the teenage Curtis became an avid abolitionist, proponent of black and Indian rights, women’s suffrage, and public education. Later living on Staten Island, he and his wife were active in Underground Railroad. Friend of Emerson, Hawthorne, and Thoreau, Curtis became a voluminous writer, co-founding Putnam’s Magazine, and producing numerous volumes of essays (his new wife their editor). An early public supporter of the Emancipation Proclamation, Curtis became political editor of Harper’s Weekly. Interestingly, he was one of the original members of what became N.Y.C.’s Board of Education. Very minor contact marks, only detectable at an angle, else very fine. A fascinating personage. $45-60

6-24. The Dark Side of America’s Largest Theatrical Producer of “Uncle Tom’s Cabin.”

Rare cabinet photograph of Florence Washburn, child-apprentice to wife of the proprietor of the largest “Uncle Tom’s Cabin” theatrical company that ever toured America, Leon Washburn. Washburn required two railroad cars to transport the show’s sets and costumes. From age 13, Florence performed the role of Little Eva, but received no salary. Outgrowing the part, a 1903 newspaper account quotes Mrs. Washburn as needing money for Florence’s support, following “inhuman treatment” by her husband--Austin American Statesman, Aug. 29, 1903; copy accompanies. Dark pink imprint of “Frank Wendt, Photo Artist, Boonton, N.J.,” all edges mauve. Showing the teenage Florence astride a small pony. At one time, a profusion of “Tom” shows thrived, reaching every New England town; some even had barking actors in the absence of bloodhounds. Leon Washburn later had an eponymous circus, and the “Washburn Dog & Pony Show.” By Jan. 1930, the last of the industry devoted to Harriet Beecher Stowe’s classic work had shut down; Leon Washburn passed away that Oct. Image fairly light “coffee-and-cream,” but still enjoyable, and otherwise in unusually flawless condition. $50-75

6-25. “The Black Boy’s Prayer” – in Washington, 30 Years before King.

Excessively rare book, Ballads of the B(onus) E(xpeditionary) F(orce), anonymous, published by Coventry House, N.Y., 1932. Caustic anti-Herbert Hoover book of verse, plausibly issued by U.S. Communist Party to commemorate the ill-fated Bonus Army that clashed in Washington with troops. 6 x 9, 47 pp., plain brown buckram, most of simple printed spine label remaining. Rubber-stamped name Elizabeth Kuehn Haley on flyleaf, with date Jan. 29, (19)37. Stylized woodblock frontispiece art of a “Scream”-esque black imploring the heavens, three bayonets pointing; depicting a true incident of a black veteran who stood on the bough of a tree, praying, as troops advanced in Washington. Additional abstract woodblocks highlighting text. Considerable work and wordcraft expended on the fairly sophisticated verse, the unsigned literary flavor and themes perhaps evocative of a Woody Guthrie or other early folk songsters. “The Ashes of Anacostia - The camp at Anacostia now Is a waste of ashes black, For they put the torch to the tattered tent And the flame to the crazy shack. But there’s a wasteland in many a heart That the rulers do not see: For the searing flame of betrayal Makes ashes of loyalty.” Another entitled “The Happy American”: “...How happy to be a dweller In the land of the Brave and Free, Where Special Privilege is Unknown And there’s Opportunity! Here Equal Distribution of Wealth Spreads calm contentment’s spell, And there are two cars in every garage -- There are, like Hell!...No grafters in office, Nor corporation tools...And the courts are the poor man’s refuge -- They are, like Hell!” “The Black Boy’s Prayer”: “Hear that crazy darky praying Up there on the bough! Black boy, wave the Flag you fought for - But I am afraid, God as usual takes the side Of the better-armed brigade!...” An incendiary incident, the deadly dispersal of the Bonus Army - by the U.S. Army - brought protests across the board, from American citizens to the Communist Party. Board dented at one corner, some handling and shelf wear, fraying at top of spine, some chipping of paper spine label but all text just present; internally light cream toning, else very good. No copies on abebooks, worldcat or RareBookHub. $200-275

6-26. Called by some “the beginning of the civil rights movement”: Billie Holiday’s Haunting Recording.

Significant vintage phonograph record, the first pressing of Billie Holiday’s “Strange Fruit” (with “Fine and Mellow” on B-side), “Commodore Music Shop - Classics in Swing / 526-A,” piano interlude by Sonny White. Opaque white on plum label. “Not licensed for radio broadcast - Electrically recorded - 4-(19)39.” In plain white paper sleeve (only). Protesting lynching of blacks, “Strange Fruit” has been called by one biographer “the beginning of the civil rights movement”--Strange Fruit: Billie Holiday, Café Society, and an Early Cry for Civil Rights,” by David Margolick, reviewed in N.Y. Times, 2000. Both Columbia Records and Holiday’s own producer refused to record the song, but the owner of Commodore was moved to tears upon first hearing it a cappella. Later that year, a New York Post columnist said of “Strange Fruit,” “If the anger of the exploited ever mounts high enough in the South, it now has its Marseillaise.” This 1939 recording eventually sold one million copies. Holiday’s version was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, 1978, and included in the “Songs of the Century” list of Recording Industry of America and National Endowment for the Arts. Among the song’s other accolades, the end-of-century issue of Time magazine named it the “Best Song of the Century”--Dec. 31, 1999. Thin but full-radius crack at 8 o’clock (as viewed on A-side), emanating from spindle hole to edge; one medium and several small chips in blank circumference, wear and some dull fingerprinting (but not abuse) from play. Still an iconic recording, suitable for static display. $80-120

6-27. “Those Negroes that killed Green was taken out of their houses and shot....”

Fairly dramatic Texas Reconstruction letter from “A.J.L.,” a member of family of Gideon Lincecum, noted naturalist. From Long Point, Washington County (Texas), Aug. 21, 1866, to Jno. C. Whitledge. 8 x 10, 4 full pp., darkly penned in brown on mist-grey. Extensive content includes Freedmen’s Bureau graft, and Yankee military authorities in Texas, with anti-black sentiment. In part:

“...The Cotton Crop promises an abundant yield...I got into a row with one of my Free Negroes. Not exactly a fight...It was dark and he could not see the door and walked out crippling himself badly. Was not able to walk for a month...The Yankees are quietly holding the country but little attention being paid to them and as the people become accustomed to the changed state of affairs they will pay less...There has been but two occurrences connected with the [Freedmen’s] Bureau or Govt. since you left that is worth noticing. Some weeks after you left those Negroes that killed Green was taken out of their houses and shot, the parties supposed to be brothers of Green’s. Of that however I no [sic] nothing nor don’t wish to no. A few weeks afterwards there was a party of Yankees went out from Brenham and arrested Jas. M. Holt, Jackson & Wm. Handly & Wm. Barton as the parties to the murder of the Negroes. After detention in Houston for some six weeks, Jackson, Handly & Barton were sent home as they could get no proof against them. Holt was retained, the citizens, many of them, went down and offered a $100,000 bail for him. The commission told them that a million would not get him. And to our most agreeable surprise, a day ago Holt was sent home. The Commission sentenced him to ten years imprisonment with a ball and chain and the papers were sent for the approval of the commanding officer. He refused to approve them and ordered them to turn him loose. He is now at home...Brother Jim and --- has got the mill going and would make money if they only had someone to boss it. The greatest difficulty is to get hands to run it. Can’t get a Negro to work in Cedar Break, even for a $1.50 per day. Had to hire Yankees and if we could keep them, well they are the best workers I ever saw. Will do as much work one day as a Freeman in two. I greatly prefer them to the Negro. don’t think without a very great change in affairs that (I) shall farm it next year without I can get white men to work.

“I am tired of the Negro. He is a nuisance to the country and I fear that the trouble we have had is nothing. I am fearful he will bring want on the country....” Diamond-shaped breaks at two fold junctions, with loss of parts of few words on all four pp.; intermittent stain across top horizontal fold, else about very good. $225-300

7-1. J(ohn) M. Schofield.

Of N.Y. Union Maj. Gen. Commanded widely, including Military District of Missouri, Army of the Frontier, Army of the Ohio, and Dept. of N.C. – ending his career as Commander in Chief of the Army 1888-95. Leading at Kenesaw Mountain, Atlanta, Franklin, Nashville, Wilmington, and the obscure battle of Buzzard Roost. Schofield sent on secret postwar mission to France, concerning U.S. interference with Maximilian. Supt. of West Point. Received Medal of Honor for Wilson’s Creek - 31 years after war’s end. Highly attractive presentation signature, “Maj. Genl. U.S.A.” also in his hand. Postwar. 2 ¹/4 x 3 ³/4. In rich brown on white card. Ink pooled within loop of “f,” else excellent. $90-130

7-2. J(ohn) M. Schofield.

War-date signature, evidently close of letter, from the wide-ranging General’s final wartime command. With “the Army” and “Major Genl.” in field hand; “Wilmington, N.C., Apr. 29, (18)65” (final numeral clipped, but as commander of Dept. of N.C. at Ft. Anderson, Wilmington, Kinston, and Goldsboro between Jan.-June 1865). 1 x 3. Part of double red rule at bottom margin by 19th-century collector. Very minor toning, floated on pale grey parchtone when added to Shaw Collection in 1970s, else very good. $160-220

7-3. C(arl) Schurz.

German-born, escaping, then returning to rescue a teacher facing life imprisonment; thence a “Latin Farmer” in Wis. Union Brig. Gen. Commanding at 2nd Bull Run and Nashville; an abolitionist, campaigning for Lincoln; prepared postwar report on Southern states for Pres. Johnson; Greeley’s newspaper correspondent in Washington. Presentation signature in walnut brown on warm cream card, “June 1903” in his hand. Excellent. $50-70

7-4. Geo. (Edward) Scott.

Of N.Y. Union Maj. Breveted for gallantry at Lawrenceburg, Ky. “Maj. V(eteran) R(eserve) C(orps), Pro(vost) Mar(shal) Genl. (William) Barton, Aug. 25/(18)65.” Scott’s duties included pursuit of deserters, bounty hunters, recruitment fraudsters, and enlisted vagabonds. His correspondence is mentioned in The Napoleon of Crime, Macintyre: “The head of the Provost Marshal Bureau’s Deserters Branch suspected that Confederates in Virginia allowed bounty jumpers to reenter Union lines after deserting, and that some of the bounty jumpers enlisted in the Confederate service ‘for the purpose of stealing horses, getting mounted, and deserting again.’”--Quoted in The Most Desperate Scoundrels Unhung..., article by Michael Thomas Smith, 2006, citing Records of Deserters Branch, Letters Sent, Group 110, National Archives. Frame ruled by old-time collector in plum and dark brown. Uniform cream toning. Fine plus. Ancient 75¢ price on verso. Rare by virtue of obscurity. $40-55

7-5. Winfield Scott.

Of Va. Union. Hero of War of 1812, becoming Gen. in Chief of Army from 1841 to outbreak of Civil War. By then 75 years of age, he proposed the Anaconda Plan, forseeing clouds on the horizon. His urgings were ridiculed, but “proven by subsequent bloody experience to be sound... The only non-West Pointer of Southern origin in Regular Army to remain loyal to the Union.”--Boatner. Dark War-date signature, from letter, dated Oct. 17, 1863 in his hand. Fold between “co” of “Scott,” old mount on stiff ivory card, this with much of old mat plies on verso; old 5.00 price on pencil, else fine for display. Unusual with this date; he retired in Nov. 1861, replaced by McClellan. $130-170

7-6. W.H. Sebring.

Of Tenn. and Ky. Confederate Secret Service. Becoming part of their shadowy, dangerous network of spies and saboteurs operating in the Mississippi River valley, carrying military dispatches from War Dept. in Richmond. Captured in July 1863, apparently at Jacksonport, Ark., he was tried as a spy and condemned to be shot. Sebring made a daring escape days later, filtering through Federal lines to Richmond. Elected Mayor of Jacksonville in a 1907 landslide, he was credited with making it the “Park City of the South”; Pres. of first Florida Exposition-Fair held there in 1909. “...What Sebring was really up to during the war is quite another story. ‘What we had planned to do makes my blood run cold,’ one of his comrades commented years later. An odd event late in Sebring’s life caused him to leave a paper trail...”--Review of Spies of the Mississippi, at civilwarstlouis.com. Choice presentation signature in mahogany brown on ivory card, with “Jacksonville, Florida” in his hand. Excellent. Autographs of Confederate spies are understandably elusive. Not in Boatner, Reese, Sanders, or either edition of Seagrave. $200-250

7-7. John Sedgwick.

Of Conn. Union Maj. Gen. A hard-fighting soldier long before the Civil War, Sedgwick was wounded while commanding at Glendale (“the Slaughterhouse”) and Antietam; led his Corps at Gettysburg. Killed by sharpshooter at Spotsylvania in 1864, “while making a reconnaissance and directing placement of artillery...The most deeply loved of all the higher officers in the entire army...Statues to him at Gettysburg and West Point, the latter prominently located in front of commandant’s quarters...”--Boatner. Superb presentation signature, with “Maj. General, U.S.A.” also in his hand, in brown-black on eggshell-white card. Trifle very soft, broad rippling along blank top, else choice, and perhaps the finest example obtainable in his highest rank, attained July 4, 1862. Very scarce. $375-500

7-8. Will(iam) H. Seward.

Of N.Y. Lincoln’s Secretary of State. “Vigorously opposed slavery” in antebellum years; “during the war his actions showed a delicate diplomatic touch...Savagely attacked by accomplice of Booth...”--Boatner. Still remembered for the misnamed “Seward’s Folly,” purchasing Alaska from Russia. Signature neatly trimmed from document, 2 x 5 ³/4, “Sec. of State” printed beside in formal script. Soft nearly-blind vertical ripples, one tan stain on verso only, else excellent, and a pleasing example. In old-time dealer’s glassine, with 1.00 price; added to collection in 1970s. $70-100

7-9. Horatio Seymour.

Of N.Y. Civil War Gov., critic of Lincoln, 1868 Presidential candidate, losing to Grant. It was rumored that he encouraged the 1863 Draft Riots in N.Y. Close of A.L.S., “Very truly yours &c...,” rich brown on ivory, mounted on old white card, with small three-line printed mention, from a newspaper judged c. 1900. Very light glue toning, else about very fine. $35-45

7-10. Alexander Shaler.

Of Conn. and N.Y. Union Maj. Gen. Authored Manual for Light Infantry Using the Rifle Musket, 1861. Led at Gettysburg, some of his units hastening to front line at Cemetery Ridge, to resist full-scale Confederate attacks by Pickett et al, in the afternoon of July 3. The South’s assault that day has been noted in one source as “the high-water mark of the doomed C.S.A...”--gettysburg compiler.org.... Commanded Johnson’s Island prison 1863-1864; while leading at the Wilderness, Shaler “was captured and placed under the guns during bombardment of Charleston...,” the most senior of fifty Union officers held as human shields--Boatner. (In fact, the Confederates were bluffing; the men were away from the line of fire.) Later awarded Medal of Honor for Fredericksburg, Shaler served as N.Y.C. Fire Commissioner. Bold signature with paraph, on endorsement in clerical hand, from postwar document, 2 ³/4 x 3 ¹/4. “H.Q. 1st Div., N(ational) G(uard) / N.Y., Dec. 31, 1867...Major Gen.” Dark pink rules above and below, believed contemporary. Blank upper right tip trimmed at slight angle, else pleasing pale cream toning and very good. Uncommon, and a fascinating personality. $75-100

7-11. P(hilip) H. Sheridan.

Of N.Y. and Ohio. Union General; postwar Commander-in-Chief, then full 4-star Gen. Just 5’ 5”, “there was little in Sheridan’s early military career to indicate that he was to become one of America’s top soldiers...”--Boatner. Racking up numerous victories, his Richmond Raid “resulted in the defeat and death of legendary Jeb Stuart at Yellow Tavern...His vigorous pursuit and blocking Lee’s withdrawal beyond Appomattox, Apr. 8-9, concluded his Civil War record on a high note of triumph....” Signature on partly printed endorsement panel, 1 ³/4 x 3 ¹/4. “H.Q., Mil. Div. of the Missouri, Chicago...Approved...,” June 30, 1879. Two ink droplets on printed rank below, “Lt. Gen. Commanding,” mounted on eggshell vellum card, trifle handling evidence, else fine plus. $200-250

7-12. W(illiam) T. Sherman.

Of Ohio. Maj. Gen. A successful banker in antebellum Calif., practiced law in 1857, but soon “disgusted” with civilian life.--Boatner. Head of today’s Louisiana State University upon secession, “despite a genuine affection for the South, where he had lived for about 12 years,” he rejoined the Army. A splendid, sprawling presentation signature, with “Maj. Genl.” in his hand, thus dated between May 1, 1862 and July 1866, when he ascended to Lt. Gen., full Gen., then succeeded Grant as Commander-in-Chief, serving thusly for a remarkable 14 years. Ironically, in this period Sherman was accused of insanity by the press. Wounded at Shiloh but refusing to leave the field, it was his 1864 Atlanta, March to the Sea, and Carolina Campaigns “that has led some historians to rank him as the top Federal commander of the war.” On ivory slip, 2 ¹/2 x 4 ¹/4. Two faintly toned tips, from mounting evidence on verso; very light foxing (or equally likely offset from his blotter), else about very fine. $275-350

7-13. W(illiam) T. Sherman.

His steel-engraved calling card, “W.T. Sherman / General / N.Y.,” boldly signed on verso in oak-brown on ivory, “W.T. Sherman, General, 1889.” Trifle touch of faintest grey at blank bottom margin (a partial fingerprint?), else choice. An uncommon form of his autograph. $190-240

7-14. [W(illiam) T. Sherman.]

Carte photograph, by Anthony, N.Y. Unsigned. Seated in uniform, facing left, hands clasped. 2¢ greenish-blue Washington revenue stamp, pen cancelled. Lacking upper right corner of emulsion, usual minor superficial album wear (but only when viewed at an angle), else rich milk-chocolate sepia, fine contrast, crisp focus of hair, whiskers, button-holes, and stitching of epaulettes, and about very good. A rather revealingly ruthless pose, suitable for display with a signature. (Added to Shaw Collection in 1970s.) $65-90

7-15. James Shields.

Born in Ireland. Union Brig. Gen. While a member of 1842 Ill. Legislature, challenged Lincoln to a duel because of a derogatory newspaper article, authored by Lincoln using nom de plum “Rebecca.” Lincoln initially accepted the challenge, to fight Shields with cavalry broadswords. The duel was called off upon explanation, the two becoming good friends. (This may have been a fortunate outcome, as Shields’ “good classical education” in Ireland had been “supplemented by some teaching in tactics and swords-play”--Boatner, quoting D.A.B.) A miner in Mexico upon outbreak of Civil War, Shields was commissioned Brig. Gen. from California. His varied career includes “a Senate service record that no senator is ever likely to surpass,” representing three states over his career: Sen. from Ill., Minn., and Missouri, plus Gov. of Oregon Territory.--senate.gov/artandhistory.... Free-franked envelope front, as one of Minnesota’s first two Sens. Clear black c.d.s. Washington City, May 3, 1858. In his hand to “P.C. Manning, Portland, Maine.” Some postal soiling, else about very good. • With, carte-style lithographed portrait, by Prang, black in mocha panel. Very minor wear, else fine. Uncommon. • Printed photograph, probably from magazine c. 1890s, letterpress, black on cream enamel. In older age. Creases, edge tears, handling, but still a worthy adjunct. An interesting trio for display: how many others challenged Lincoln to a duel? (Added to Shaw Collection in 1970s. ) $90-120 (3 pcs.)

7-16. D(aniel) Sickles.

Of N.Y. Union Maj. Gen. Central figure in sensational 1859 murder trial, shooting the son of Francis Scott Key. In a legal first, Sickles was acquitted, pleading temporary insanity. (The scandal was heightened when he took his errant wife back.) Commanding widely, Sickles lost his leg at Gettysburg, receiving the Medal of Honor. Continuing in service, he was sent in 1865 on a secret mission to South America. “It was due largely to his interest and political know-how that the Gettysburg battlefield was preserved as a national park.”--Boatner. Splendid presentation signature, with “Maj. Genl. U.S. Army / N.Y., Mar. 30, 1903” also in his hand. At this time, he was chairman of N.Y.S. Monuments Commission. Ebony on eggshell card, in turn mounted on nearly matching eggshell vellum; faint suggestion of contact with clip at blank top, else choice and strikingly attractive. $110-140

7-17. F(ranz) Sigel.

Born in Germany, here writing from The Bronx. Union Maj. Gen. Leading his eponymous division in Valley campaign against Stonewall Jackson, Sigel would be relieved in 1864 for “lack of aggression” at Harpers Ferry. “Although an inept general, his ability to rally the German element to the Federal colors had been important. ‘I fight mit Sigel’ had been their slogan...”--Boatner. Postwar, he was a popular lecturer in New York. A.L.S., 563 Mott Ave. (The Bronx), Jan. 24, 1890, 1 full p., 3 ³/4 x 6. To John M. Burt, Union League Club, (N.Y.). In reply to “your letter asking me for some incident or something personal in regard to my military life. In thinking about the matter, it strikes me, that I never felt prouder than when I entered in the Third Missouri Regt. as a Private, in Apr. 1861, for the defense of my adopted country, after having fought in 1849, on the other side of the water, for ‘Unity and Freedom’ at the head of an army.” Signed with “...late Maj. G(en)l. of Vols.” (The German revolution was ill-fated; Sigel escaped to Switzerland, then England and America. He modestly does not mention here that he was quickly commissioned Col. in the Third Missouri on May 4, 1861, and then promoted to Brig. Gen. – thirteen days later.) Sigel was probably acquainted with his German colleague in Cincinnati, named in the Lincoln-signed appointment also in this catalogue (Lot 15-1). The German-American role in supporting Lincoln - and in helping win the war - was vital. Broken and separated along about half of horizontal fold, not apparent when viewed flat; browned on blank outside panel of lettersheet, else appearing very fine. A splendid letter. $240-300

7-18. John Slidell.

Of N.Y. U.S. Congressman and Confederate commissioner. Moving from N.Y. to New Orleans, in 1861 Slidell and John Mason were sent by the South to France, seeking diplomatic recognition. Captured on a British mail steamer by the Union’s Jacinto, the ensuing eponymous Trent Affair “gained the Confederacy a tremendous amount of public sympathy in Europe...This provoked war fever...but hostilities were averted when Seward ordered the two men released...”--Boatner. The Slidell-Mason mission was unsuccessful. Bold signature, from close of a letter, with the novel abbreviation for his state “Loua.” below, also in his hand. On ivory card. Some toning, else very good. Support for the South in Europe remained strong; Confederate bonds continued to emerge from repositories there as late as the 1980s, albeit worthless. $40-60

7-19. H(enry) W. Slocum.

Of N.Y. Union Maj. Gen. Severely wounded at 1st Bull Run, later leading the right wing at Gettysburg. When ordered to serve with Hooker in Tennessee, Slocum resigned, their relationship strained. Lured back by command of the Vicksburg post, Hooker soon asked to be relieved, and Slocum took over, coming full circle. Postwar Congressman, active in exonerating Fitz-John Porter in that epic saga. Bold signature on historic partly printed docketing panel, 2 x 3, trimmed from document on adversity paper, with vertical blue rules, “H.Q. Army of Georgia, Raleigh, N.C., Apr. 19, 1865. Respectfully forwarded...Maj. Gen. Comdg.” Slocum led his Army of Ga. on the March to the Sea and through the Carolinas; he occupied Raleigh on Apr. 13; Apr. 18 saw the armistice in N.C.; this item, a day later, likely bore some importance. Slocum participated at surrender of Johnston’s Army a week thence, on Apr. 26. Double-ruled pink border by 19th century collector. Some toning, else good, with signature in rich brown. Mounted on white card, broad rippling but only apparent when lifted. Interesting example of use of adversity paper by Union, probably field-printed. $120-150

7-20. H(enry) W. Slocum.

Presentation signature on cream slip, 2 ³/4 x 4 ¹/2, presumed postwar. “Yours truly....” Wrinkles, perhaps from autograph-seeker’s pocket; walnut-brown, fine and clean. $40-60

7-21. M(artin) L(uther) Smith.

Of N.Y. Confederate Maj. Gen. A West Pointer, studying topographical engineering; resigning the U.S. Army two weeks before Ft. Sumter, “he was not sure that he would fight with the Confederacy but was positive he would not fight against it...”--Boatner. As Maj. of C.S.A. Engineers, Smith “planned and built New Orleans fortifications. He then built those at Vicksburg, and commanded troops during their defense.” After the fall of Vicksburg, Smith was not exchanged for some seven months; ultimately becoming Beauregard’s Chief engineer, he also constructed Mobile’s defenses. Closely clipped from antebellum letter, 1 x 3 ¹/8, with “Topo. Engrs.” also in his hand. Brown on pale grey. Likely while in Fla., Ga., or Texas. Partial border ruled in plum by 19th century collector; floated on onion-skin, some rippling of mount only, band of staining along left margin from old mounting, lighter circular stain at right, else good. Based on comparison with the following, different M.L. Smith - the Union Gen. - we are inclined to believe that the “Martin Luther Smith” illustrated in Reese (p. 131), is in fact the Union’s “Morgan Lewis Smith.” (The illustration in Seagrave is identical, he having infringed copyright by simply reproducing most of our 200-dot halftones as line art! Significantly, both Cohasco and Michael Reese are omitted from Seagrave’s credits.) Enlarged color image on website. Very scarce. $160-200

7-22. M(organ) L(ewis) Smith.

Of N.Y. Union Brig. Gen. Actually serving under an assumed name in 1845-1850 as Sgt. and Drill Instructor, he reappears as Smith upon raising the 8th Missouri, “composed of ‘rivermen and recruits from the rougher element of St. Louis,’ and was commissioned Col. on July 4, 1861.”--Boatner. Commanded at Ft. Donelson, Shiloh, and many others, becoming Consul Gen. to Hawaii in 1865. Close of A.L.S. on small 1 x 2 ¹/4 sapphire-blue paper, “Your obt. Servt...Brig. Genl. Comdg.” also in his hand in fairly dark brown. Dateable to July 16, 1862 onward. Partial border ruled in plum by 19th century collector; floated on onion-skin, some rippling of mount only, else very good. Scarce. $80-110

7-23. Thomas B(enton) Smith.

Of Tenn. Confederate Brig. Gen. Fought at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, Chickamauga; wounded at Stones River, then commanding in Atlanta campaign and Franklin, and captured at Nashville. A curiosity: Collector William Shaw’s reply envelope, addressed in Smith’s bold hand, to “W.M. Shaw, Shermen [sic], Texas.” Postmarked Nashville, 1905. Backstamped Sherman, Oct. 7. Shaw’s printed cornercard, on 2¢ carmine entire, similar to Scott #U86. On verso, Sherman has typed “Brig. Gen. Thomas B. Smith, Nashville,” for filing. Smith’s signature once enclosed is not present, but the sample of his hand on the envelope is collectible and as scarce as his signature. Shaw’s half fold as originally supplied to Smith, uniform cream toning, some postal wear, else about very good. $45-65

7-24. Wm. F(arrar) Smith.

Of Vermont. Union Maj. Gen. Commanding Smith’s Brig. and Div., serving in over a dozen major battles, with an extensive resumé. With another officer, Smith wrote Lincoln after the Fredericksburg fiasco, “offering their own plan to get to Richmond. Lincoln, in complete sympathy, was able to head off a plan in Congress to relieve Smith for this criticism, but his appointment as Maj. Gen. was rejected by the Senate...Conspicuous service in...‘Cracker Line’ operation of Chattanooga Campaign ...and reappointed...Of great military ability, and several times considered for command of an army (to relieve Butler or Meade), he had a fatal personality defect...a contentious controversialist...”--Boatner. Pleasing presentation signature in rich chocolate brown on double-thick ecru card. Mounting evidence on verso, else very fine plus. Ex-Paul Hoag, 1968. $55-75

7-25. Wm. S(ooy) Smith.

Of Ohio. Union Maj. Gen. Commanding at Shiloh and Corinth, then Chief of Cavalry for Army of Tenn. Resigning in 1864 upon criticism at West Point, Miss., Smith returned to engineering. “One of the first bridge builders to use steel in place of wrought iron, he built the first great all-steel bridge over the Missouri River...”--Boatner. As late as 1875, his controversy with Sherman over his wartime performance was still percolating. Signature on docketed portion from letter, 2 x 2 ³/4, vertical pale blue printed rules, “H.Q. Left Grand Div., Jan. 29, 1863, Respectfully forwarded...Maj. Gen. Comdg....” His location refers to his command, lasting til July, of the 1st Div., Left Wing, XVI Corps, officially designated as “Detachment, Army of the Tenn.” Pleasing uniform toning, and fine. $45-65

7-26. F(rancis) B. Spinola.

Of N.Y. Union Brig. Gen. Raised Empire Brigade of N.Y.S. Vols., commanding his eponymous division at Suffolk, Va. Wounded while leading a bayonet charge at Wapping Heights, he remained on duty for two more years, later a Congressman. Signature clipped from partly printed “Examine(d)...” document, 1 ³/4 x 3 ³/4, “Approved...Brig. Genl.” also in his hand. Brown on tan, old mounting on glazed tan, judged about turn of century. “1863” in period pencil, presumed by collector who harvested signature (then discarded document itself?). About very good. $50-70

7-27. Edwin M. Stanton.

Of Ohio. Lincoln’s Sec. of War. Bold franking signature, 1 ¹/2 x 2 ³/4, from envelope imprinted “War Dept. / Official Business / Sec. of War.” Lighter offset from his blotter, the dot on “i” mirrored below, soft diagonal bend from handling, else about fine. In a little-known epilogue, Stanton was appointed to the Supreme Court in 1869 - but died four days later. $140-180

7-28. Alexander H. Stephens.

Of Ga. Antebellum Congressman, “believing in personal liberty, local sovereignty, and peace”--Boatner; Confederate Vice Pres., forming a triumvirate with Cobb and Toombs to lead the South away from secession, though this was dashed by 1860. Bold signature in walnut brown, from close of letter, ³/4 x 4, with part of one word above, “(f)riends”(?). Minor smudge on last four letters of name, probably by his own hand. Neatly tipped to slip with old typewritten mini-bio in red. Slip moderately toned, signature fine and clean. $130-170

7-29. Geo. H. Steuart.

Of Maryland. Confederate Brig. Gen. An Indian fighter, later commanded Va. Cavalry Brigade “and is the ‘young pedant’ referred to in Steele’s American Campaigns who refused to obey an order from Jackson to pursue after Winchester because the order had not come ‘through channels’...”--Boatner. Wounded at Cross Keys, commanded at Gettysburg, captured at Spotsylvania’s “bloody angle.” Sent to Charleston to be put under Federal batteries, Steuart was exchanged. Signature from document, 1 x 2 ¹/4, variable coffee-and-cream on azure blue, with “Brig. Gen.” also in his hand; his ink flow inconsistent, but still discernable, uncommon, and very good plus. $85-125

7-30. Alex(ander) P. Stewart.

Of Tenn. Confederate Lt. Gen. Nicknamed “Old Straight,” commanded heavy artillery at Cumberland, Ky., led at Shiloh, then named Lt. Gen when Polk was killed at Mount Ezra Church, Stewart himself wounded. At the surrender in N.C., commanded Army of Tenn. (note Henry W. Slocum lots 7-19 and 7-20 in this section). Endorsement panel from document, 2 x 3 ¹/2, on adversity paper. Likely in clerical hand, then signed by Stewart, twelve days before Appomattox: “Head Qrts. A(rmy) of T(enn.), Mar. 28, (18)65, Respy. forwarded...Lt. Gen.” Much War wear, probably once cleanly split at central vertical fold, then mounted on two scraps of paper - perhaps a field reinforcement; parts of mocha ruled border by 19th century collector; toned to mid-tans, but exuding character and the last, hectic days of the Confederacy, and satisfactory. $350-475

7-31. Roy Stone.

Of N.Y. Union Brig. Gen. Breveted for Gettysburg, his brigade held back multiple Confederate assaults, though his troops were mostly green, never having seen combat before. Ironically, it was Stone who was severely wounded. Among his postwar inventions, a steam-propelled monorail - a forerunner of the elevated railroads that would become part of the fabric of New York and other cities - was demonstrated at the 1876 Centennial Exhibition. A modified version was placed in service two years later, a 5 mile line near the booming oil town of Bradford, Pa. It was “one of the earliest, if not the first, monorails in America”--wikipedia. Stone briefly returned to military duty – in 1898. Superior presentation signature in grey on eggshell, with “1 W. 24 St., New York” also in his hand. Choice. Rare by virtue of relative obscurity. Unlisted in Seagrave and Sanders. $120-160

7-32. Geo. Stoneman.

Of N.Y. Union Maj. Gen. In command of Ft. Brown, Texas, when Twiggs demanded its surrender to the Confederacy; escaping, Stoneman commanded cavalry in numerous clashes, then headed the new Cavalry Corps in 1863. During Atlanta “his poor tactical judgment led to his capture with 700 of his men...”--Boatner; postwar “he lived on his magnificent estate Los Robles, near Los Angeles...,” serving as Gov. of Calif. From close of A.L.S., with “Chf. of Cavalry” [Bureau] also in his hand, ³/4 x 3 ¹/4, bits of 10 lines on verso. Dateable between July 18, 1863-Jan. 29, 1864, while in Washington. Rich brown on ecru. Show-through, else very fine. $160-200

7-33. M(arcellus) A. Stovall.

Of Ga. Confederate Brig. Gen. In antebellum volunteer Cherokee Artillery; fighting at Waldron’s Ridge and Stones River, and commanding at Chickamauga, Chattanooga, and Atlanta. Did not surrender til Apr. 26, with Johnston, though Jefferson Davis ordered him south to continue the war. Signature from A.L.S., with intriguing parts of three lines in his hand on verso: “calculated to start yet / I see by the papers that / Northern trip on frida(y).” In watery-tea ink, though unfaded, irregular 1 x 3 ¹/2. One pinhole at blank upper left, two fingerprint stains at blank left and right, else very satisfactory; perhaps the ink was homemade. $90-120

7-34. Wager Swayne.

Of Ohio. Union Maj. Gen. Commanding in Atlanta campaign and March to the Sea, losing a leg at River’s Bridge (Salkahatchie), S.C. Commissioner of Freedmen’s Bureau in Ala., organizing “an extensive system of free schools for colored children, and established high schools at Montgomery, Selma and Mobile, and a college at Talladega...”--N.Y.C. newspaper obituary, 1902. In 1893 given Medal of Honor for 2nd Corinth, described by a modern historian as “a magnificent piece of soldiering, one that few commanders could have pulled off under fire, and he a Yale lawyer in his first battle...”--civilwartalk.com.... (Swayne further made history by becoming the first Yalie to receive the Medal.--Yale Daily News, Apr. 29, 2022.) A splendid presentation signature, deep brown on ivory card, “...Col. & Bvt. Maj. Gen. U.S.A. (Retired), Feb. 25, 1891.” Album page remnant on verso, else pleasing warm toning, and excellent. Scarce. A fascinating personage. $90-120

8-1. A Rare Presentation Trilogy of U.S. Coinage and Currency Literature – from the Panic of ‘73 to the Gilded Age.

Seldom encountered presentation set in three handsomely bound volumes, titled on inserted period manuscript slips Reports and Addresses of Comptroller (of the Currency) (John Jay) Knox (Jr.) - Coinage and Banking, comprising many of the addresses and publications of Knox and his office of Comptroller of the Currency, under three Presidents, 1870-1882 (and concurrently ex oficio Commissioner of the Assay at the Mint). Evidently gathered and bound for very limited distribution. Each book with gift inscription signed by Knox on flyleaf, Apr. (30), (18)84. Including highly interesting discussions of the gold standard, the silver debate, paper money, and other forms of capital in the burgeoning Industrial Age. Uniform, original ³/4 polished oxblood calf boards and tips, 6-color fishscale marbled insets with nearly-matching oxblood, burgundy, chocolate, mocha, eggshell, and electric blue; purplish-brown hubbed spines, gilt titles. 5 ³/4 x 9. A protege of Salmon Chase, Knox became an advocate of a system of national banks, and was primary author of the 1873 Coinage Act, which discontinued use of the silver dollar. Triggering a crash in silver’s price, Knox’s action “ushered in an era of bitter currency debate which dominated the political landscape for the better part of three decades...”--National Cyclopædia of American Biography, 1893, Vol. 3, p. 15. His portrait appeared on the 1902 Series $100 bill. Comprising:

“Report and Addresses of Comptroller Knox - Coinage and Banking,” Vol. I, containing 1870-1873 (“Mint and Coinage of the U.S.,” 38 pp.; “Mints, Assay Offices, and Coinage,” 97 pp.; 1873 Annual Report of Comptroller, 96 pp.), plus 1874 (64 pp.), 1875 (106 pp.), 1876 (177 pp.), and 1877 (155 pp.). • Vol. II, containing 1878 (171 pp.), 1879 (188 pp.), 1880 (202 pp.), 1881 (“Notes of an Interview,” 67 pp., and “Report of Commission,” 42 pp.), 1882 (Annual Report, 58 pp.). • Vol. III, containing numerous addresses and papers of Knox, including 1879 (“National Banking System - Resumption and the Silver Question - Address of Hon. John Jay Knox...at Annual Convention of American Bankers’ Association, Saratoga...,” 14 + 18 pp.; “Address...to Merchants’ Association of Boston,” 8 pp.; “American Bankers’ Association Dry Bank Statistics,” 16 pp.; 1881 (Annual Report of Comptroller of Currency, 232 pp.; and many more speeches in this thick volume). In his 1879 flagship address to the nation’s top bankers, Knox declared, “...The dead-wood of many years accumulation in the banks has been nearly cleared away. The seven years of famine have passed and already have begun the seven years of plenty. I look hopefully into the future, and...predict the gold standard will prevail although the use of silver as a coin issued under restrictions will increase, that the interest upon the public debt will be paid in gold dollars of 25.8 grains...that the legal tender quality of the legal tender note will disappear...that under a good system of honest money, which will separate our financial affairs from partisan politics, our farming and manufacturing interests will rejoice in abundant prosperity, and that there will be...well-filled American ships in the principal commercial cities of the world.” Fairly fascinating discussions and tables of the ever-shifting proportions of gold coins, silver coins, checks, circulating notes, U.S. bonds, and other specie in major cities. In Knox’s 1882 address, “New York as the Great Banking Center” (8 pp.), he intones, “...The chink of the coin should be heard elsewhere than within the walls of the Mint and the vaults of the Treasury. Those days have happily arrived, but the greenback has been so thoroughly tested and its virtues are so greatly over-rated, that the people utterly refuse the yellow coin which it was supposed they would welcome back with eager hands. The force of habit is stronger than the love of gold, and convertible paper is everywhere preferred to coin. Those citizens of New York who have had occasion to visit the Assay office in this city...soon after the arrival of an ocean steamer, may have seen large amounts of gold coin from every portion of the world...mercilessly and almost wickedly poured into the melting pot...The [U.S. Mint’s] gold coinage was the largest of any year in the history of the Government... The whole of the coin estimated to be in the country, 685 millions, would supply the 48 National banks of the City of N.Y. only about four days, and the 2,100 banks outside of the City of N.Y. about five days....”

Each volume with ornate pictorial bookplate, Hawthorn Farm. Three covers detached, one loose; some spine, hinge, and tip wear; internally with uniform edge toning, else tight, fine, and clean. Utterly fascinating, a sort of Believe-It-or-Not for the numismatist, banking and economic historian. Most of the pamphlets within are very scarce - and rare in these presentation gatherings. Knox’s autograph unlisted in Sanders. $425-575 (3 vols.)

8-2. Among the First Coins of the Americas.

Fascinating 1542-55 Mexican 4 Reales silver coin, minted under the reign of King Carlos I, son of Johanna the Mad, and Queen Johanna (Juana), daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella. 1 ³/16” diam., coat of arms with lions and castles on obverse, crowned pillars of Hercules on reverse. Assayer and mint marks “M - O.” In a page torn from today’s news, Spanish debt had skyrocketed, from the costs of war and their expansion into the New World; in 1550, some seventeen ships returned home, laden with precious metals, restoring some economic equilibrium. This coin was made in the first mint in New Spain, in Mexico City. Average circulated condition, rim lettering variously from smooth to good relief; devices with good detail. Silver with pleasing, reflective rich iron tones; some darkening in center, this lending patina. In all, judged about Fine numismatic condition. MB (formerly KM) 18, RIN 110b, 16-E. $225-325

8-3. Illustrated Announcement of Coin of the Holy Roman Empire.

Charming pictorial official broadsheet from twilight of Holy Roman Empire, Vienna, Jan. 31, 1800, 8 ¹/4 x 13 ¹/2, announcing a change in usage of small copper coins, the 3 and 6 Kreuzerstucke. At bottom, finely copper-engraved obverse and reverse of coin. Issued by Ferdinand Graf von Kuffstein. In Blackletter type, on interesting oatmeal laid paper with a profusion of fiber inclusions. Lacking blank upper left corner, light edge dust toning, else fine and suitable for display. $80-110

8-4. 1817 Half Dollar.

Appealing example in pewter-grey, with basic detail of capped bust’s face and hair locks, and strong date, stars, and “Liberty” in headband. On reverse, soft-focus definition of nearly all feathers, sharp horizontal and vertical bars in shield (small carbon spots in two bars), and deep “E Pluribus Unum” in ribbon. In all, obverse judged VF 20, reverse VF 25. Presume cleaned in middle third of 20th century (as many such coins were at some point). The last year of engraver John Reich’s service at the Mint, the German immigrant having been freed from a bond of servitude by another Mint official. $130-180

8-5. The Manhattan Millerite – The World to end in October 1844.

Antebellum copper Hard Times advertising token with an unexpected back-story of fervor and high drama: “Abraham Riker / No. 151 Division St. / New York,” with tall boot, half boot, and shoe (or slipper). Reverse: “Millions for Defence / Not One Cent for Tribute.” C. 1837-44. In 1844, he is recorded as a Millerite, with a shoe store on Division St. Multiple newspapers of the time record his earnest faith: “...There are also several stories, copied and recopied by the newspapers, about Millerites in business who either burned up their stock or threw it in the street, and who opened the door and invited people to come in and help themselves. There are not many such stories, but they are sensational in their very nature, and thus were widely quoted in the press. Probably the most frequently quoted was that of a Millerite shoemaker in New York, identified only as being located on Division Street [but subsequently identified as Riker], who was said to have given away his shoes until his son stopped him and had him committed to an asylum...One of the most common charges made against the Millerites was that they were filling the asylums with people made insane by their preaching...”--Boston Daily Courier, written by their N.Y. correspondent, published Oct. 17, 1844, quoted in The Midnight Cry: A Defense of the Character and Conduct of William Miller and the Millerites, by Francis Nichol, 1944. At one point, Riker closed his Division St. store to devote himself to “attending meetings and warning others” of impending doom. In an 1849 broadside (not present), Riker remained a self-proclaimed “Judge in Israel,” announced that his store is “open for business on Sundays because the law of the Sabbath has not been binding since the close of the Mosaic dispensation”--online edition of Robert Singerman Collection of Judaica Americana, University of Pennsylvania. Riker sold footwear between 1815 and 1860 at eight (or more) Manhattan addresses. Four pie nicks on reverse and two interior marks on obverse, as if merchant tried to divide into eighths! Else rich uniform milk chocolate, with sharp E.F. detail. Variant with thick rule beneath “Cent,” possibly Low 154. By the turn of the century, the Lower East Side was probably the most densely populated urban neighborhood in America. One of the more unusual Hard Times tokens we recall handling. $60-80

8-6. With Southern Gold Association.

Cover to gold mine financier “Joseph Slocum, Pendleton P.C., Anderson County, South Carolina.” Free-franked by Postmaster F.H. Humphreys of Richardsville (Va.), site of the Culpeper gold mine - in what was once the third-leading gold-producing state. “May 10th” (1854). Based in New York, Slocum also backed gold mining in Virginia and northern Georgia, the latter’s Dahlonega Mint producing $1, $2.50, $3, and $5 gold coins variously between 1838-61. In the 1970s we handled a group of the Slocum correspondence. Lower flap misfolded, uniform light soiling, some edge and corner tears, but very satisfactory, and suitable for display. $40-60

8-7. A Father of Southern Literature declares his Gold Coins to the Confederate Taxman.

“List [Form] No. 1,” “Tax on Naval Stores, Wines, &c., and Agricultural Products,” Richmond, Sept. 5, 1863, 9 ³/4 x 12 ¹/2, 2 leaves. Signed twice each by Confederate Assessor W.E. Johnson and A.F. Harvey. Harvey edited The Spectator, the antebellum weekly Washington newspaper termed “one of the handsomest and ablest conducted in the country...the only really successful attempt to establish a standard Southern literary paper...”--DeBow’s Review, 1856. (He undoubtedly knew such Southern writers as William Gilmore Simms, and John Tomlin, “the poet of Tennessee” and contributor to Edgar Allan Poe’s inaugural magazine; forty years ago, a Simms letter in our catalogue was resold by the fortunate buyer for $12,500!) Harvey later served as a postwar director of Piedmont Railroad. Here Harvey declares “Gold coin on hand or on deposit, Amount 40, Value $300,” together with “Bank notes or other currency on hand, $5,761; Credits within Confederate States, $25,000....” Taxed 1%. Pleasant oatmeal patina due to high groundwood content of adversity paper, else fine. Rare type: this “List [i.e. Form] No. 1” imprint unrecorded in Parrish & Willingham’s standard reference work, Confederate Imprints: A Bibliography of Southern Publications from Secession to Surrender.... Briefly mentioned in The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, 1906, but WorldCat today locates only one example (Boston Athenæum). Lacking in Duke University’s celebrated 2,300-plus-item collection of Confederate imprints. Harvey’s autograph excessively rare (this item signed twice). $150-200

8-8. World Banknotes, 1912-1945.

12 different examples of colorful and splendidly steel-engraved obsolete paper currency from China, Egypt, India, Japan-occupied Dutch East Indies and Philippines, and Russia, two undated, else 1912-1945. Comprising: Provincial Bank of Kwang Tung Province, Canton, 1922, 20 cents. American Bank Note Co. V.G. • Another, 50¢. 1922. About Fine. • Another, $1, 1918. Large black handstamp both sides. About Good. • Farmer’s Bank of China, 1 Yuan, no date. Crisp. • Egypt, Jan. 1945, 25 Piastres. Much worn, tape repairs. • India, 2 Rupees. About Fine. • Japanese occupation of Dutch East Indies, “De Japansche Regeering,” “Een Cent” (1¢). V.F. • Three Philippines occupation: “The Japanese Government,” 1 Peso. About Uncirculated. • 10 Pesos. Much worn, pocket stains. Fair. • 50 Centavos, two red “PI” surprints. V.G. • Russia, oversize “500,” 1912, 5 x 10 ³/4, with numbered stub. Intricate, with elaborate security underprint in shades of pink and lilac. Folds and average handling, else Good plus. • China, “50,” n.d. Much worn. Perfect as a teaching collection or gift for youngster. $65-85 (12 pcs.)

9-2. First Brooklyn Soldier to Volunteer.

Post-Civil War typewritten statement with ornately printed logo of 13th Regt., N.G.S.N.Y. - evidently a 30-day unit. N.d. but judged c. 1895, 7 ³/4 x 9 ¹/4. Signed by Col. Robert B. Clark and Adjt. Wm. Augustus McKee. “This is to certify that David Smith of ‘B’ Co., 13th Regt. of the City of Brooklyn, N.Y.S. National Guard, did and was the first, on the 28th of Apr., 1861, to volunteer and superintend the rebuilding of the Rail Road Bridges and other public works between Annapolis and Annapolis Junction, which were destroyed by Rebel Sympathizers in the early part of the War of the Rebellion.” Evidently first composed in Brooklyn, Sept. 23, 1861, and typed and signed years later. Breaks at fold, blank torn portion at lower left repaired with tape on verso, edge fragment torn but present, somewhat browned, else satisfactory. $45-65

9-3. Stonewall Jackson Panics the Union.

Dramatic Union telegram from E.M. Stanton, Sec. of War, Washington, June 13, 1862, 5 ¹/4 x 7 ³/4. To Gen. Banks. Received copy, on partly printed United States Military Telegraph form. “I think if the State of your command will admit that it would be well for you to come to Washington immediately so we can have a consultation.” Stanton was preparing to fire Banks: In the wake of Stonewall Jackson’s brilliant Shenandoah campaign, Banks was recalled by Stanton, following his May 23-25 defeats in the Battles of Front Royal and Winchester. In fact, “subsequent reorganization put him at the head of II Corps...(but) at Cedar Mountain he was outgeneraled and defeated again by Jackson...”--Boatner. Old framing evidence, with band of toning along right vertical, from old mocha strip glued to verso; amber tape stains at blank top and bottom, nearly uniform sun-toning of all except blank lower portion; collector’s neat four-line pencilled description at blank bottom. In all, about V.G. Jackson’s prowess caused consternation at the highest levels of Washington. It is certain that Lincoln concurred with Stanton in this telegram’s intent. While June 13th telegrams from Stanton to McDowell, and McDowell to Banks, are each published in The War of the Rebellion, the item offered is apparently not, nor is its text found in any other published source. $425-550

9-4. Civil War Engineer writes a Founder of American Steel Industry – 1862.

Civil War-date A.L.S. of prominent New Jersey engineer Ashbel Welch, associate of steamship designer John Ericsson, Washington, June 27, 1862, 5 x 7 ¹/2. To A.L. Holley, “the undisputed technical leader of the (American) steel industry--Regulating Railroad Innovation..., Usselman, p. 218. “Mr. Stevens has recd. your favor of the 25th. He requests me to write, and ask you to get the models and papers ready, submit the papers to Mr. Gifford, and then come on here with them as soon as you can.” Holley had gone to Europe to get ordnance information for Edwin A. Stevens, working on a floating gun battery. The following year, Holley acquired U.S. rights to the Bessemer steelmaking process, changing the course of American industrial history. Writer Welch was Chief Engineer of the Delaware & Raritan Canal; threading its way through New Jersey, the canal which he constructed over a quarter century became “the essential link” (--nynjctbotany.org) between the densely populated Northeast and the battlefields of Virginia. By the end of the war, Welch’s canal carried more freight than the Erie Canal. His 1865 rail design was adopted by nearly all railroads on the East coast. Welch assisted Ericsson - builder of the Union ironclad Monitor - with design of the steamship Princeton. Cockling from old mount, eight bits of album paper on verso, else darkly penned and about fine. Very scarce. Significant coalescence of these foremost engineers; the role of technological innovation during the Civil War has been overshadowed by the lore of the battlefield. With modern research. $140-180

9-5. On Rare “Morgan Rifles” Letterhead, with Matching Envelope.

Lengthy A.L.S. of colorful Union Col. John S. Crocker, first leaf imprinted “93d Regt. N.Y.S.V., ‘Morgan Rifles,’” Camp Washington, D.C., Mar. 24, 1862 - exactly one month before being taken prisoner. 4 pp., 4 ³/4 x 8 and 5 x 6 ¹/4. To his wife in Cambridge, Washington County, N.Y. “Most sincerely do I regret the sickness of dear little Franky, and the illness of others of my beloved flock...I hope & pray that better health exists with you all...I shall feel quite uneasy til I receive further tidings...The Paymaster has been paying off my men today. He has paid us over $70,000...I do not expect to get the money I am entitled to for raising the Regt. at this time. But I think I shall get it, at some future period...I have been stopping at Willard’s Hotel the past few days to recruit a little...We have heard little news from Father. Mr. Peacock who was imprisoned with him at first, says he was living in Dec. & was a prisoner in Culpeper County. We may see him alive yet. Wm. & James have gone out to Manassas today to see if they can get any further tidings of him...My Regt. is in the 3rd Brigade of Gen. Casey’s Div...and the Brig. Gen. is Palmer of the Regular Army. Both are kind hearted men & first class officers...Our Regt...forms part of the Grand Army of the Potomac...A Zouave Regt. was sent home today & discharged. There was a difficulty among the officers....” Light marginal toning, very minor foxing at top of second leaf; a trifle light but entirely legible, else fine. • With brilliant yellow cover, printed cornercard “From the / 93d Regt N.Y.S.V. / ‘Morgan Rifles.’” Washington c.d.s. tying 3¢. Several bent perfs; envelope with moderate postal handling, else about very good, attractive, and rare. By 1860, Crocker had already logged twenty years in N.Y. State Militia, rising to General, along the way becoming a lawyer and Know Nothing politician. In 1861, he organized the 93rd N.Y., mustering over 1,000 men, naming it the Morgan Rifles in tribute to his friend, the Governor; the unit served as guard for Army of the Potomac’s headquarters, including at Gettysburg. Captured at Yorktown in 1862, Crocker was held in Libby, Belle Isle, and Salisbury Prisons, until exchanged through special effort by Stanton. Among Crocker’s letters in University of Virginia Library, he stated, upon his exchange in Aug. 1862, that he would call on Stanton and Lincoln “tomorrow.” On the battle-field at The Wilderness, the severely wounded Crocker was made Brig. Gen., having four horses shot from under him. As postwar Warden of the U.S. Jail in Washington, Crocker handled all arrangements for confinement and hanging of Garfield’s assassin. Ironically, while living in Washington postwar - he was also the city’s Acting Mayor - Crocker was a brother Lodge member of Garfield. $225-300 (2 pcs.)

9-6. A Bavarian Butcher fights for the Union.

Pair of partly printed Union documents, signed by a German soldier and his German commander: “Certificate to be given to volunteers at time of their discharge to enable them to receive their pay,” for Sgt. Henry Koppel, in Capt. Hagemeister’s Co. L, 5th Pa. Cavalry. “Born in Schweinfordt, State of Bavaria...by occupation a Butcher...,” enlisted in Pittsburgh. Camp near Alexandria, Apr. 27, 1862, 8 ¹/2 x 11, signed by Hagemeister. For Koppel’s second enlistment, unrecorded at civilwardata.com. Light waterstains, else about very good. • Glued at top to second document, enumerating his $66.30 pay for 3 months, and travel and subsistence for his journey home to Pittsburgh, 50¢ per day. Unusual - almost Gothic - signature “Heinrich Koppel.” Once separated at a fold, repaired with tape on verso, not affecting signature, else good plus. His native city, dating to the eighth century, became the center of German ball-bearing manufacturing in World War II. $65-85 (2 pcs.)

9-7. “It is a good thing for the Rebels to get licked.”

Semi-literate letter, from Union soldier Martin L. Fisher, “Camp near Fort Ward,” Sept. 7, 1862. 5 x 8, 3 pp., in pencil. To girlfriend Lizzy Burger. Fisher probably in Co. F, 131st Penna. Infantry, having just enlisted on Aug. 12. “...We lay in between Fort Ward [near Alexandria] and Fort Warren and we are digging up the ground to build another fort. It is about 1 mile long and 6 feet deep and 5 broad. It is a good thing for the Rebels to get licked...It looks here as if the war would close in two months...I must tell you about that good boy...He writes to(o) many lies home...If you go to Hagerstown give me the direction....” Embellished with two “Love” designs in crude frames. Short tear at fold, else good plus. • With hand-delivered orange patriotic cover, “Pleas(e) hand this to her.” Large red, blue and brown woodcut of a soldier on guard duty, holding rifle and bayonet as tall as he is, in front of cannon, tent, and flag. Captioned, “Our Commissioners to treat with Jeff. Davis & Co.” Three soft parallel folds, soiling, edge wear, but about good. $70-90 (2 pcs.)

9-8. 96 Hours before Gettysburg, Lincoln Changes the Union Lineup.

Significant printed Union General Orders, Washington, June 27, 1863 – following Hooker’s defeat at Chancellorsville, and just days before the Battle of Gettysburg. In full: “By direction of the President, Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker is relieved from command of the Army of the Potomac, and Maj. Gen. George G. Meade is appointed to the command of that Army and of the troops temporarily assigned to duty with it.” J.E.B. Stuart had begun his advance on Gettysburg on June 24; Hooker countered, to stop Lee’s invasion. “Unbearably hampered” when his orders were countermanded, Hooker asked to be relieved - and Lincoln seized the chance. This order is dated one day before Boatner attributes Hooker’s transfer. Signed in brown ink by Asst. Adjt. Gen. E.D. Townsend, who later guarded Lincoln’s coffin, seen in a suppressed photograph (probably now findable online). Ironically, Townsend was a graduate of the same West Point class as Braxton Bragg, Jubal Early, John Sedgwick, and Joseph Hooker - who is being relieved in this order signed by him. Rising to be chief administrative officer of the Army, Townsend compiled the epic War of the Rebellion: Official Records, a core contribution to military history. Townsend’s legacy lives on: the concept for a military prison at Fort Leavenworth was also his. Edge toning, imperfections at wide blank left margin from removal from old sewn volume, else very fine. One of the more iconic - and ironic - Union general orders. $150-180

9-9. Baking for Confederate Prisoners at Johnson’s Island.

Partly printed Union document, reimbursing Post Bakery for “252 Barrels Flour at 5 ¹/2 dollars per Bbl...received at Depot Prison(er)s of War,” indicated by research at Johnson’s Island, Sandusky, Ohio, July 13, 1864. Signed twice by Capt. Henry C. Benson, 128th Regt., O(hio) V(ol.) I(nfantry), and once each by Capt. Nath(aniel) Ellmaker and Col. Chas. W. Hill, Comd’g. Post. 8 ¹/2 x 14 ¹/2, comprising top and bottom of separate sheets, neatly pasted together by Union clerk; the printed word “Company” in boilerplate text is crossed out, and replaced by “the Bakery” in its first appearance. The 128th Ohio “was principally engaged in guarding Confederate prisoners at Johnson’s Island....” Benson was mustered out in Jan. 1865 at Johnson’s Island--civilwardata.com. Hill was mustered out at Camp Chase in July, and had the unusual distinction of being breveted both Brig. Gen., then Maj. Gen. – on the same day, in Mar. 1865. Minor blind handling wrinkle at top corner, else excellent. Johnson’s Island material is desirable. $160-200

9-10. From Arkansas: ”Well, well, what is the world coming to?”

Lengthy letter of Union soldier Frank J. Philp, “Camp of 161st N.Y. Vols., White River Landing, Arkansas, Sabbath Morn, July 31, 1864,” 5 x 7 ³/4, 4 full pp. To parents in Altay, Schuyler County, N.Y. “...In these hard times...enjoying myself as well as can be expected in this hot climate. It is pretty warm but not as much so as it was in the Dept. of Gulf. D.C. has not got here yet. I am looking for him on every boat coming from New Orleans...I was sorry to hear of his feeling so bad when leaving home. I will do all in my power to make him happy...The boys are all well as usual and in good spirits, but they complain some of staying here, for it is about the same as being in a wilderness. We can get nothing in the way of vegetables...The other Regt. (6 Mich.) that belongs to this Brig. has gone up White River. The Gen. Hdq. are here as yet. Perhaps we will remain here & build a small fort...Is it possible that Phrone Knapp is of that disposition?...I will stop writing entirely if one young lady is jealous over another...Well, well, what is the world coming to?...” Extra fold at top by sender, else fine. • With attractive yellow envelope, bold Memphis “Aug. 3” c.d.s. and four-ring concentric. Contemporary notation “...Received Aug. 11, Answered Aug. 14.” Some soiling, but good plus. At this time, the 161st N.Y. was attached to Bailey’s Engineers. A modern source shows only “Joseph F. Philip” of the 116th N.Y., however this is presumed a transcription error. $100-130 (2 pcs.)

9-11. Looking Ones Best for the Civil War.

Fascinating Civil War-era soldier’s shaving kit container (empty), comprising rich ebony-brown gutta percha (hard rubber), round “compact”-style case, its lift-off lid depicting eagle in bas relief, holding a straight razor and strop in its claws; beak clutching ribbon bearing words “morning exercise,” and patriotic shield on breast. 3 ³/8” diam., 1 ¹/4 high. “Manufactured by the Novelty Rubber Co., New Brunswick, N.J.” molded around inner circumference of lid. Organized in 1853 in Beacon Falls, Conn., the firm moved to N.J. in 1855, producing hard rubber bottles, smoking pipes, dress buttons, and becoming the standard shaving-and-soap box supplier to both the Union Army and Navy (the latter having a maritime motif, and surviving in larger numbers than this Army version). Very high quality, with a fine engine-turned geometric field surrounding eagle, lid with milled edge for grip, matte-finished base. Lacking round mirror; small metal eye ring for hanging on a nail (and bar of soap!), some fingerprinting of glossy bottom, one grain-of-rice-size discoloration on side of base. Its freedom from chips and defects suggests it had light, gentle use (or perhaps was a salesman’s sample). A delightful display piece. Novelty Rubber’s product shown in the standard Civil War Collector’s Encyclopedia by Francis Lord, this Army style said to be much scarcer than the Navy. An example sold at Heritage, 2008, for 1912.00. • Plug tobacco tag lettered “Monocacy,” recalling the July 1864 battle near Frederick, Md. ¹/4 x ⁷/8, black on copper-tone metal. Pitting Confederate Gen. Jubal Early against Union Gen. Lew “Ben-Hur” Wallace, the South sought to divert Union forces away from Robert E. Lee’s army under siege at Petersburg. Becoming the northernmost Confederate victory of the war, they opened a path toward Washington. The Battle of Monocacy took its name from a crucial railroad bridge at Monocacy Jct., Md., spanning the Monocacy River. Wallace - the youngest Union Maj. Gen. at time of his promotion - saw defense of this point as the best way to protect Baltimore and Washington. “The battle at Monocacy cost Early a day’s march and his chance to capture Washington... ending their last campaign to carry the war into the North...”--wikipedia. Few verdigris spots, else mid-brown tone, and good condition. Petit but unusual for the specialist. $250-325 (2 pcs.)

9-12. Unrecorded-Style Postwar Badge of Berdan’s Celebrated Sharpshooter Company.

Two items: Rare postwar badge of Civil War veteran of Col. Hiram Berdan’s elite U.S. Volunteer Sharp-shooter Regiments. Hand-engraved on white-metal header, “Co. L / 2 Regt.,” one of the eighteen companies of sharpshooters he recruited, all under his command. These were formed into two sharpshooter regiments. In a somewhat complex organizational chart, Co. L was variously attached to the 1st and 2nd Minnesota Infantry until its reassignment in Nov. 1863. Bar mount on reverse. Beneath, flag bunting on midnight-blue satin, looped for suspension, with Maltese Cross-style medal, miniature dime-size photograph of Berdan mounted within beaded center. In all, about 1 ¹/2 x 4 ¹/4. Both white metal pieces lustrous (perhaps tin plate; with surface corrosion on versos), bunting somewhat dusty from use, blue satin very fine, and Berdan’s likeness excellent. Possibly from reunion, but the few Berdan examples found online were rather different from the present lot: one was stamped “Reunion / 1897...” (Union Drummer Boy); another’s medal was bronze, sans Berdan’s photograph, with a “generic” “1861-1865” header, perhaps used for a variety of postwar medals (Skinner, 2017). Reproductions, with the latter “generic” header, are also offered, but their current manufacture is apparent, the style of the numerals on header not matching the original Skinner example. It is possible that the present lot was one-of-a-kind, ordered from a local jeweler by a veteran sharpshooter to commemorate his service under Berdan, or made in tiny quantity by a jeweler, for sale at a reunion.

A world-renowned marksman, Berdan was inventor of an eponymous rifle, the Berdan centerfire primer, a repeating rifle, a patented musket ball – and the first commercial gold amalgamation machine to separate the precious metal from ore. “His inventions had brought him wealth and international fame...”--wikipedia. The top rifle shot in antebellum America for fifteen years, Berdan’s sharpshooters during the War wore distinctive green uniforms, and were “equipped with the most advanced long-range rifles [Sharps .52 cal.], featuring telescopic sights. Even when assigned to a brigade, the regiments were usually detached for special assignments on the field of battle...At Gettysburg, his two regiments of sharpshooters played an important role in delaying Confederate attacks on Devil’s Den and the Peach Orchard....” Nominated for Bvt. Maj. Gen. for his Gettysburg service, he was never confirmed by the Senate, though many sources give him this rank, as does his Arlington monument. His postwar inventions also included a twin-screw submarine gunboat, a boat for evading torpedo nets, long-distance rangefinder, and a distance fuse for shrapnel. Berdan was depicted in a 1986 ABC television miniseries. Extensive modern research accompanies. The first we recall handling. • With: exquisite, jewelry-grade pin of Sons of Veterans of the U.S.A.’s 12th National Encampment, Cincinnati, Aug. 15-18, 1893. Copper, overall ⁵/8 x 1 ⁵/8. Eagle on bar, suspending hollow five-pointed star, black enamel inlay “S(ons of) V(eterans of the U.S.A.) / 12 Nat. Enc. / Cin. O.” Established 1881 for sons of G.A.R. members, and as a military reserve ready to be called upon in time of war. Growing quickly to over 145,000 members, this sons’ organization was recognized by G.A.R. in 1888. The organization lived on; in 1954, Gen. of the Army Douglas MacArthur was among the incorporators of its updated iteration. It still boasts a membership of over 6,000 today. The front page of Harper’s Weekly of Oct. 5, 1861 (see Lot 31-7) bears six views of the Berdan Sharpshooters. $375-500 (2 pcs.)

9-13. G.A.R. Cap and Papers of an “Iron Guards” Vet Wounded at Gettysburg.

Thick modern binder filled with fairly interesting postwar G.A.R.- and pension-related papers, plus the kepi, of Pvt. William E. Coffman, Columbia County, Pa., 1875-91, mostly 1885-87, as Commander of G.A.R. Post 250, Bloomsburg, Pa. A veteran of Co. A - the distinguished Iron Guards - of 6th Pa. Reserve Corps, 35th Pa. Regt. Wounded in action, “gunshot wound of right hand,” and discharged Feb. 14, 1863. Mustered in Summer 1861 for three years, the 6th Pa. Reserves saw service and action at Dranesville, in the advance on Manassas, guarding supplies at Tunstall’s Station and White House, Battles of Gaineville, Groveton, Bull Run, South Mountain, “near Sharpsburg,” Fredericksburg, the Jan. 1863 Mud March, three weeks of Gettysburg and the pursuit of Lee, Rappahannock Sta., Mine Run Campaign, The Wilderness, Spotsylvania, and more. The 6th lost 183 men in the War, 6 of its men receiving the Medal of Honor, all for charging a log house filled with Confederate sharpshooters, near Devil’s Den at Gettysburg.

Coffman’s keepsakes include G.A.R. notices, encampment literature, interesting circulars from variety of attorneys specializing in pension problems, commercial mail advertising to vets (some typographically ornate), soldiers’ orphan schools, and more. A sampling: Catalogue of “Outfits for G.A.R. - Flags and Banners, Caps and Embroideries, Officers’ Rank Badges, Swords, Belts and Sashes,” J.H. Wilson, Military Goods and Society Regalia, Philadelphia. • Wilson notice, “Reduction in Rank Badges!,” on pink. • Wilson pictorial blotter, “Solid Gold & Silver Post Badges...Miniature Badges....” • Coffman’s kepi, made by Wilson, embroidered emblem “[Post] 250,” coffee-brown linen, matching lining, black patent leather brim, “Coffman” in old pencil on paper label on inside crown. Grosgrain sweatband stamped, “J.H. Wilson / Military Goods & Regalia / _06 Chestnut St. / Philadelphia.” Leather band, secured with two brass “GAR” buttons. Some wear, two loose threads of embroidery, else good, and suitable for display. • Advertising folder, G.A.R. supplies, many illustrations, including “Solid Gold Pins” ($1.75-2.25 ea.), black on groundwood, Chas. C. Manning & Co., Cincinnati. • Printed notice “To the veterans...of 6th Regt., Pa. Reserve Association...A special meeting...at Athens, Pa...Will report the progress made in regard to the Gettysburg Monument, marking the place where the Regiment was stationed and fought during that memorable struggle....” (The monument was dedicated in 1890.) • Partly printed letter from Dept. of Interior, Pension Office, compiling “a record of Union ex-prisoners of war...,” citing difficulty of the project, and expressing urgency to gather information some two decades on. Singed from fire, hole and loss of text at left, but a survivor.

• Printed note from Col. Sam Black Post No. 59: “By the treachery and unfaithfulness of our black listed Ex-Q.M. J.P. Sturgeon this Post was deliberately robbed less than two years ago of its savings...for years, of over $800, leaving our Treasury empty. Our cases of destitution and distress still keep us in an almost impoverished condition...Winter is fast approaching and we have many old Comrades to help along....” Seeking to raffle a silver watch, at 25¢ per ticket, to raise funds. • Printed notice, Post 214, Meyersdale, Pa., announcing New Year’s Eve raffle of “$65 solid gold hunting case gentlemen’s watch” for vets in need. “It is now more than 21 years since the close of our civil war, and the majority of men enlisted are now on the ‘down hill’ life...The demand upon our Post...for charity to disabled comrades and deserving soldiers’ widows and orphans is very great...Our Post funds are about exhausted; winter is upon us....” • Small broadside, 5 ³/4 x 11 ³/4, “Memorial Day Program in Bloomsburg,” marching to cemetery, where Commander will address; Coffman among committee members. Music by “Juveniles,” “Officer of the Day will scatter flowers...Post will decorate graves in the circle...The Philologian and Caliepian societies will decorate soldiers’ graves throughout cemetery....” Much fold wear, blank top fragment torn but present, else satisfactory. • Letter to Coffman announcing inspection of Post; arrival may be delayed “as I am Rail-Roading....” • Envelope from Gettysburg & Harrisburg R.R., Gettysburg; on verso, all-over map of their line and connections. Lacking stamp, but still charming. • Printer’s advance sheets of book-to-be, “Records of Members of the G.A.R...20th National Encampment...,” printed in San Francisco, 1886, 16 pp. Pocket folds and wear. With printed letter of enclosure, inviting purchase in choice of bindings. • Printed letter, Dept. of Colorado, G.A.R., invitation to stop in “the youngest state in the Union” on the way to 1886 Encampment. Torn, affecting text. • Circular of Chicago & Alton R.R., to G.A.R. members, travel information to 20th Encampment in San Francisco. 4 pp., large railroad map on last p. Two copies, one lacking corner, one good. • Substantial, varied pension letters, forms, and postcards from 10 attorneys, each with his own sales pitch - even entertaining “horse claims,” and reassuring deserters they are still eligible for pension if they later returned to duty. Coffman used multiple attorneys over the years, seeking increased pension for his “gunshot wound of right hand.” • 7 large business cards of I.D. Porter, patent and pension solicitor, Washington, exalted references on verso. Letter to Coffman from fellow veteran, Altoona, 2 pp., in pencil, advising him not to do business with Porter: “...look well before sending Mr. Porter’s fee as you may never hear from him again....” • Reply from another D.C. attorney, in purple ink, advising Coffman, “There is no ground for you to expect...arrears of pension under the present law, and it would be useless to apply. If...you wish to apply for an increase, return the blank and I will do the best I can for you.”

• “Confidential” printed letter of pension attorney John W. Morris, Washington, 1886, 8 ¹/4 x 12 ¹/4, singing his praises, and allowing the “comrade” to set his own terms for representation. With, Morris’ broadsheet on salmon news, “Attention Officers & Soldiers Entitled to Extra Pay...,” including unusual bold-faced appeal to “Colored Volunteers and their Heirs entitled to the same bounty as white.” Mousechew, some loss of text, else satisfactory and collectible. • And, large “Table of Pension Rates” of attorney Morris, intended for wall display, 10 x 16 ³/4, black on mint green, printed both sides. Morris states that the elaborately detailed table was drawn up exclusively by him, based on his 15 years’ experience in Pension Office. With long list of disabilities, with payments based on Army and Navy ranks. Minor wear, else about fine. In simple modern frame. A worthy item, normally suitable for offering singly. • Attractive printed sheet sent to veterans by National Tribune, Washington, offering subscriptions and boxes of 100 cigars with Gen. Sherman’s pensive likeness on lid, $4! Black on salmon. Fine. • Advertising sheet offering “Soldier Monuments,” white bronze, by Monumental Bronze Co., Bridgeport, Conn. Customers include Goldsboro Rifles (S.C.), Marine Corps (Pensacola), “Confederate soldier statue” (Baton Rouge), and many others. Very good. • Mail-order advertising of five printers, including 5 pcs. of John Wilbour, Book & Job Printing, Philadelphia, with lovely G.A.R. ribbon printed at top of letter in red, white, blue, and gold. • Pamphlet, “Inspection Report - Soldiers’ Orphan Schools of Pa.,” 1886. • Pamphlet, “Soldiers’ Orphan Schools - What is the Truth?,” investigation of such schools in Pa., possibly urged by local G.A.R., 32 pp. • Pamphlet, “Local Reports - Annual Examinations of Soldiers’ Orphan Schools, May-June, 1886,” Pa., (16) pp. • Much more.

The 6th Pa. played another enduring role in history: in General Orders No. 1 of the brand new Signal Corps of Instruction, the approval of the 6th’s commanding officer, Capt. W.H. Ent - for whom this collection’s small G.A.R. Post was named - was required for issuance of a pass. Two years later, his 6th Reserves would fight gallantly at Gettysburg, the first campaign in American history where the Signal Corps provided communication and intelligence between an Army commander and all of his corps.--A Communicator’s Guide to the Gettysburg Campaign, by Ltc. Alexander Cameron, U.S. Army War College, 1989. Some envelopes present but all stamps neatly removed. Varied wear and defects, from barely satisfactory (a few singed from heat, some mousechew, some with much wrinkling) to about V.G.; items printed on groundwood browned; others with soiling, toning, tears, and other flaws, but the average about good. An unusually extensive time capsule; in Coffman’s time as Post Commander, he apparently saved everything that came across his desk, giving an instructive panorama of the robust presence of the G.A.R. in its glory. Fresh to the market. Nicely organized in acid-free polypro pocket pages, in new heavy-duty Avery looseleaf. Call for further review if desired. $550-750 (about 151 pcs. + cap)

9-14. “I remember that a big, tall Reb, dazed by a wound in the head, came staggering up against the General’s horse....”

Moving postwar A.L.S. of an aide to Union Gen. Horatio Wright, J.W. Dixon, with his recollections. From Flushing, N.Y., Apr. 6, 1894, 4 full pp., 4 ³/4 x 8. To Wright’s daughter, “Mrs. Smith.” “I received this morning the copy of the Washington Post, containing...presentation of the Resolutions by the Associated Survivors of the Sixth Corps, to Gen. Wright...I like to keep everything published about your honored Father. I am glad to see that you are ‘The Daughter of the Corps.’ I am sure no more patriotic lady could grace the position. I received a kind letter from the General last month in reply to one I wrote him on his birthday. When I last saw him, in 1892, he had changed but little in all those years, and I was amazed last Summer to see how little your dear Mother was changed. I, myself, have grown old and am as bald as the proverbial egg. Today is the anniversary of the battle of Sailor’s Creek, fought and won by two divisions of the Sixth Corps. Little is ever heard of that battle because it came so near the Surrender, but it was hotly contested. I remember that a big, tall Reb, dazed by a wound in the head, came staggering up against the General’s horse which goes to show how the troops there were intermingled and how desperate the enemy was, although surrounded. I often think of those old days and although I only saw the last campaign of the war, I am very proud of my Sixth Corps Headquarters badge. In other words, I am proud of having been Gen. Wright’s Aide. I hope, sometime, we may meet again. Kindly give my compliments and respects to the General...Frankie and the family of nine join me in this. Your old friend....” Minor fold wear, pleasing uniform warm cream toning, else fine. From the Papers of Horatio Wright. $140-180

10-1. A Panorama of Old Postcards.

Varied, curated collection of 63 motto postcards, 1908-1940s, but mostly Teens-Twenties. Variously full color, part color, and sepia. From typical period designs, to a select grouping of magnificent examples of the art of the postcard. Birthday, humorous, holiday, “Thought for the Day,” words of wisdom, poems, novelty, and more. Including Joyce Kilmer’s “Trees” - on an actual wood postcard, “World Famous Brookdale Lodge,” 3/16” thick, evocative treed path stamped in forest green. • Exceptional “Golden Days of Gladness” poem with Arms of Canada, “Land of the Free,” in exquisite color plus gold and silver leaf - a seldom-seen combination. Some postally used. Very good to excellent. Suitable as an ice-breaking display in a vintage home. 10 postally used. Request images. $180-250 (63 pcs.)

10-2. Land of Norse Explorers – and Revolutionary War Loyalists.

48 scenic souvenir postcards depicting Nova Scotia, Canada, 1906-1994, but mostly pre-1940. Mostly full color, with a few realphoto, greentone, sepia, and black-and-white. Comprising 15 postally used, 1906-1994, all but four pre-1921; three lacking stamp. Some with moderately lengthy messages. • 33 postally unused. An utterly beguiling pictorial tour of this magnificent - and storied - Maritime province. Including harbor, historic sites (e.g. Port Royal, the oldest permanent European settlement in America north of the Gulf of Mexico), Cape Breton, drying fish in Lunenburg, Runic stone inscribed by Norsemen c. 1000, Halifax street views with interesting architecture, and more. The minority of newer cards lend a “then-and-now” perspective, though the changes are subtle. Older cards with understandable postal wear, but overall good to excellent, with the majority very good. Request images. $90-140 (48 pcs.)

10-3. Lace and Lace-Making Group.

Interesting collection of 25 postcards relating to lace and lace-making, 1908 to 1960s, but mostly pre-1930. Including 16 realphoto (1 postally used), mainly studio portraits of women and children wearing lace clothing. Some characteristic toning, else very good to very fine. Capturing a seemingly lost era. • Old printed photograph, c. 1915, 5 ³/4 x 8 ¹/2, on cream enamel, original English photographer’s paneled paper mount. “Twelve Bedfordshire Lacemakers - All over 80 years of age - Combined ages 1,007 years.” • Cabinet photo of lovely young woman, seated in studio, wearing elaborate lace top with sleeve tassels, lace inlays in long dress. Notation on verso, “Recd. while at Central City, Colo., June 27, 1894.” Added in old pencil, “Maude Peall(?).” Light toning at top mount, else fine. • 1970s color photo of woman presiding over lace display on table and walls. Request images. $85-130 (28 pcs.)

10-4. The Art of the Calling Card.

Delightful collection of 56 items, comprising: 35 calling cards, judged c. 1875-1895, many printer’s samples, some bearing last names Yergan or Carter, evidently selected to showcase the especially ornate capitals “Y” or “C” in their type cabinet. Most about 1 ³/4 x 3 ¹/4. 6 full color, several two-color, balance black. Including “Ida Carter” on six colors of paper. One all-over chromolithographed card with pink and red dove amidst flowers lacking a corner. Probably from a Portland, Oregon-area print shop, understandably their assortment including both plain and fancy. • Plus: 2 with messages, “Miss, May I have the pleasure of calling on you next Sunday evening?...” • Scalloped chromo card with orange- and ruby-red roses, a hand holding a book titled, “Forget me not.” • 4 magnificent samples of miniature folding gift cards of Robinson Engraving Co., Boston, 1885, with Biblical themes. • 2 chromo, “1892,” double-thick board, each with different art on verso: bird and nest; rustic storyland-style cottages. • 4 calligraphic samples (probably printed), one touched in yellow and pink, others in genuine gold leaf, in golden tan, and blue.• 4 Masonic cards, late 1895, Robinson Engraving, Boston, numbered 795, 796, 799, and 800. • 4 later business cards, judged 1940s. Most with handling wear, having been shown to innumerable customers to make their selection, but generally good and better, and suitable for a charming display. See photo on p. 6; additional color images on request. $140-190 (56 pcs.)

Just a sampling of songs:

STANDARDS: “Dancing In The Dark” • “Something To Remember You By” • “Body and Soul” • “On The Sunny Side Of The Street” • “You Made Me Love You” (1913, Jolson’s “terrific Winter Garden hit”) • “I’m On My Way to Mandalay” (1913, full color) • “Let’s Get Lost” (with large sepia photo of a very young Frank Sinatra) • “‘The Music Stopped,’ As sung by Frank Sinatra in the RKO Radio Picture Higher & Higher” • “For Me And My Gal” (1917, art of Cupids pulling a two-wheeled carriage, “Just Married”) • “Rose-Marie” (1924 classic, two color variants, one with pink, one red) • “If You Knew Susie Like I Know Susie” (1925, photos of Jolson, Cantor, et al) • “Smoke Gets In Your Eyes” from Roberta (1933, simple but unsurpassable Deco typography) • “White Christmas” from Irving Berlin’s Holiday Inn (1942, coffee stain) • Two from Disney’s “first full length feature production,” Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, 1937) • “When You Wish Upon a Star” from Disney’s Pinocchio (1940) • BLACK: “When It’s Night Time Down in Dixieland,” Irving Berlin, black musicians under a full moon (1914) • “Ain’t Misbehavin” in Connie’s Hot Chocolates, 1929. Rare. Connie’s club, in a Harlem basement, was run by a white bootlegger, featuring black acts - for white audiences only • “Shoe Shine Boy - Connie’s Hot Chocolates of 1936” • “Hot Rhythm - The Little Black Show,” music by Eubie Blake, superb graphics (1930) • “Underneath The Harlem Moon,” striking cover (1932) • “Who’s Dat...in my flat...A Darktown Episode,” 1932 • “I Just Couldn’t Take It Baby” from Lew Leslie’s Blackbirds of 1934 • “What Goes Up Must Come Down” (1939, from Cotton Club Parade starring [Bojangles] Bill Robinson and Cab Calloway) • Six different “Negro Spirituals” (1917-26, the arranger noting “the Negro’s soul is linked with rhythm...”) • “Check and Double Check with Amos ‘n Andy - A Radio Picture” (caricatures on cover, 1930) • SOUTHERN: “On The Mississippi” (1912, color scene of dancing on a levee, as steamboat approaches) • “Those Dixie Eyes of Southern Gray” (1913) • “Back to the Carolina You Love” (1914, with stream in rolling hills) • “We’ll Have A Jubilee In My Old Kentucky Home” (1915) • “Moonshine of Kentucky” (1920, in duplicate) • “Carolina Moon” (1928) • “Waiting For The Robert E. Lee” (stylized riverboat, bales of cotton, and black banjoist (1930 ed.) • ZIEGFELD FOLLIES: “At The Ball That’s All” (Ziegfeld Follies 1913, bright full color) • “I Left Her On The Beach At Honolulu” and “Bachelor Days” (both Ziegfeld Follies 1916) • “Tulip Time,” Ziegfeld Follies 1919 • “Europe’s Biggest Sensation - My Man - Sung by Miss Fanny Brice in Ziegfeld Follies of 1921” • ORIENTAL: “Chinese Lullaby” (1919, from East Is West, sung by Ming Toy) • “Chong - He Come From Hong Kong” (1919, “the new song hit they’re dancing, singing, humming and whistling everywhere”) • “The Japanese Sandman” (1920, mother in kimono with infant in full color, Mount Fuji outside window) • “Blinky Winky” (1922, Chinese parody, “...way down in dreamy China-town”) • PATRIOTIC: “So Long Sammy” (1917, stylish art of marching Doughboys) • “Over There” (1917, George M. Cohan’s hit; much wear) • “Good Morning Mr. Zip-Zip-Zip!” (1918, wash drawing of beautiful woman wearing soldier’s wide-brimmed campaign hat) • “We’re All Going Calling On The Kaiser - War Edition” (1918, cartoonish Kaiser startled as legions of Doughboys march toward his balcony) • “Salvation Lassie of Mine” (1919) • “Yankee Doodle Dandy” (Cohan, 1931, Cagney in movie role) • IRISH AND ETHNIC: “Sweet Rosie O’Grady” (1896, pink “G. Schmirmer of Georgia” store stamps, cover soiling but ornate) • “I’m On My Way To Dublin Bay” (1915) • “Arrah Go On I’m Gonna Go Back to Oregon,” “Pat McCarty, hale and hearty, Living in Oregon, Heard a lot of talk, about the great New York...” (1916) • “Says I To Myself, Says I - A Rollicking Irish Song” (1917, lass atop a monoplane in flight. an Irish castle below) • “Dear Old Pal of Mine” (1918, “sung by John McCormack at all his engagements; music by Gitz Rice, Lt., 1st Canadian Contingent”) • 4 different from George M. Cohan’s Little Nellie Kelly (1922, N.Y.P.D. officer in graphics) • “The Rise of Rosie O’Reilly” (Cohan, 1923, Lower East Side and Brooklyn Bridge art) • “Funiculi - Funiculi - Funicula” (1917, Neopolitan girl dancing with tambourine; lyrics by Joe McCarthy) • “Tony From America” in The Quaker Girl - New Musical Play (1910) • “There’s a Quaker down in Quaker Town” (1916, demure girl of “Old Philadelphia...”) • REGIONAL: “Aloha Oe,” composed by H.M. Queen Liliuokalani (1913, much worn but still displayable) • “A Luau - Respectfully dedicated to U.S. Fleet on occasion of their visit to Hawaiian Islands, 1925,” Honolulu publisher • “Hano Hano...,” different Honolulu publisher • “I Want To Go Back To Michigan - Down on the Farm” (1914, by Irving Berlin) • Two from Duchess Of Chicago (1929) • Song from “Way Out West...A(n) M-G-M All Talking Picture” (1930, seven Indian squaw dancers) • “Somewhere In Old Wyoming (1930) • “Wabash Moon” (1931) • CULTURAL AMERICANA: “I Married the Bootlegger’s Daughter (who always drank water)” (1925) • “The Original Charleston” (1923, dancers silhouetted on orange cover) • “They Go Wild Simply Wild Over Me” (1917, vivid cover art of nattily dressed young man dancing, as ten women look on) • “Hail! Hail! The Gang’s All Here” (1917. Unusual with a long pedigree, the tune was originally written for Sullivan’s 1879 comic opera, The Pirates of Penzance. With the 1917 lyrics, this song persisted on radio through at least the 1950s, played daily on WOR’s John Gambling radio show) • “I Found a Rose in the Devil’s Garden” (1921, with full process-color scene of female devil towering over Brooklyn at night, the bridge in foreground, and lower Manhattan skyline behind) • 5 different from Cohan’s Billie • “Stumbling - A Fox Trot Oddity” (1922, humorous cover) • “My Bird of Paradise” (Irving Berlin, 1915, lovely cover showing the bird in tropical pink and green) • “Down the Field March” (1904, football art; inside music with loss of blank margin from use on music stand) • “Mon Paris” 1925 (with early Deco swirls on forest green) • “If You Look In Her Eyes” (two songs, from musical Going Up, with dancers - one in feathered pantaloons - posing on wing of biplane in fanciful flight) • “El Capitan March” by Sousa (1896, tattered) • “The Midnight Fire Alarm - March & Two Step - Companion piece to the Celebrated Ben Hur Chariot Race March” (1907, vivid chromolithographed scene of fire engine belching smoke and flames, as horses run at full speed) • “Fireman, Save My Child!” (bound score, Harvard Hasty Pudding Club, 1929) • “1776” (bound score, 1926 Hasty Pudding Club) • “The Lid’s Off!” (bound score, Hasty Pudding Club, 1936) • AND MANY, MANY MORE.

Reflecting the endless styles and themes churned out by America’s song factories. • Also with: humorously inscribed “Longing Dear For You” by John H. Densmore, 1919, signed in center of ornate cover, “America’s leading composer takes pleasure in sending to his old friend / Fred Holdsworth / this beautiful??? number, John H. Densmore.” (Both were Harvard alums.) Leaves separated at spine, cover toning, edge tears, still attractive. A prolific musician, words to one of his works were by John Masefield, Yonkers resident-turned-poet-laureate of England. This particular song is available for online listening. • “Children’s Singing Games...,” Mari Hofer, 1914, 46 pp., charming red cover art, little-used. • “The Gem Dance Folio for 1926 - Mid-Season Book No. 2,” superb cover (back cover separated but present), 64 pp. • “Teddy Wilson Piano Rhythms,” 1937, 28 pp. • Book of songs by composer and lyricist Gene Raskin, including his widely covered “Those Were The Days (My Friend),” privately published c. 1979, inscribed on cover “To Ted Holdsworth...Gene.” Excellent. • “Fats Waller’s Original Piano Conceptions,” Books 1 and 2. 1936, 32 pp. ea., covers off. • “Fats Waller’s Swing Sessions for the Piano,” 1937, 32 pp. • 5 books of songs and classical compositions, including Chopin, for intermediate piano students • Small number of additional classical sheet music, and 1960s-70s songbooks and sheet music. Evidently the working music library of Jessie Margaret Holdsworth, née McCreary, and husband Fred (a noted Boston real estate magnate), and children, much of it assembled by the Teens and Twenties, then selectively added to over following six decades. Understandably with varying handling evidence and wear, a small number with tattering, edge or spine tears; few lacking back covers; occasional owner’s name at top. Else generally from satisfactory to fine, but generally good to very good. Offering a generous variety from a golden era of show business, when almost all music publishers had a Broadway address, and an endless profusion of creativity poured forth from the proverbial Tin Pan Alley. Enough worthy cover art present to decorate many walls, to provide an instant music-business collection, or to keep a reseller occupied for some time. Six color group photographs of assorted highlights on website, or gladly sent. $400-700 (over 390 pcs.)

10-6. Exceptionally Early Poster including “...a Grand Ball, when Parties may immediately commence Tripping on the Light Fantastic.”

Typographically elaborate, highly ephemeral broadside, in the style of a mixed playbill, breathlessly describing the exciting “Gorgeous Gala” festivities for Easter holidays, (London), Easter Mon. and Tues., Apr. 8-10, 1844. Black on forest-green pulp, 9 ¹/2 x 27. “...Regardless of cost...a Three Days’ most Magnificent Fete, On a scale of Gorgeous Splendour, presenting such a combined Series of Entertainments...the most attractive and spirited Amusements for the Million ever offered to the Public notice...Unrivalled Recreation of the Queen’s Arms, Kilburn Gate...the Handsome Card Rooms, the Commodious Billiard Rooms, Chaste Drawing Rooms...This Gorgeous Gala will take place on Easter Mon...and will be repeated Easter Tues...Statues, Paintings, Fountains... Cosmoramas...the beautifully vivid Pictorial Models on a Large Scale, of The Hermit’s Cave, The Industrious Cob(b)ler, The Dungeon of the Inquisition, The Gypsy’s Tent, The Pretty Oyster Girl, The Monk’s Cell, The Devil’s Cavern...in addition to Orchestras, Stages, Platforms...Colossal Marquees ... Under the immediate direction of Mr. Fenwick, Illuminator to the Royal Vauxhall Gardens, will be Brilliantly Illuminated with countless Thousands of Variegated Lamps...Festoons, and Splendid Transparencies...Oriental Splendour...Instantaneous Transformation to the Realms of Dazzling Light!... Shining Glowworms...a Scene of Enchantment...Arabian Nights Entertainments...Gigantic Balloon...Grand Concert...A Fancy Fair...Tight Rope!...Phantascope!...Olympic Temple!...Persian Rope Dancer...Jerusalem Pony...Ventriloquism!.” Much more, including the earliest use of the phrase “tripping on the light fantastic” we have seen. The seeming impossibility of so many attractions in one place (and the absence of their specific location) leaves the chance that this was in fact a type chart issued by a foundry or printer, as a uniquely creative way of showcasing their best work. Topmost line affected by chipping, with loss of first word, of top halves of balance of first line, and letter “s” in “Easter Holidays”; fine chipping along right vertical edge, 1” marginal tear, otherwise intact and about very good, but very fragile and a candidate for deacidification. The combination of copywriting and type direction are genuinely exceptional for the early Victorian era. Excessively rare, and a captivating item for display. In variant searches, WorldCat locates no examples, nor in British Library main catalogue; Google finds no references. Perhaps a unique survivor. Top half illustrated on p. 61. $175-250

10-7. Victorian Satire: A Heart-Breaking Suitor - tried by Women Lawyers and Judges.

Charming and colorfully engaging panoramic-style print, 1850, “designed and etched by” by caricaturist George Cruikshank, “A New Court of Queens Bench - As it ought to be, or, the Ladies trying a contemptible scoundrel for a ‘Breach of Promise,’” 7 ¹/4 x 17. Parallel-folded into five panels, removed from Comic Almanack. Described in a modern source as “an elaborate satire on what the imagined results of womens’ rights efforts would be, mocking the idea of women ever becoming lawyers, judges, and legal officers...”--commons.wikimedia.org. Around the barrister’s table, piled high with briefs titled “Introductory Correspondence,” “Declaration & Proposal,” and “The Breaking Off,” sit eleven women in deliberation (one consuming a cup of pudding or ice cream) of the rogue Lothario. In the visitor’s gallery sit “The Brothers, Sisters, and other Relations,” “The Papa’s and Mamma’s Box,” et al. A witty, engrossing spectacle, the jilted bride-to-be being given smelling salts, as the gentleman hangs his head, two bouquets on the stand before him. Prominent folds, light handling, else about fine. $50-75

10-8. Princeton Professors of the Past.

Gilt-edged album leaf, 10 ¹/4 x 13 ³/4, with five mounted signatures of noted 19th-century faculty of “The College of New-Jersey,” today’s Princeton. With sixth signature mounted on separate piece. Each with their department in their hand, two dated 1876. Comprising: James O. Murray, “Prof. of English Literature” (and first Dean of Faculty); Alexander T. McGill, “Profr. of Ecclesiastical Homiletic & Pastoral Theology, Princeton”; James Cash, “Pres. of College of N.J.”; C. Wistar Hodge, “Prof. N(ew) Testament Literature & Biblical Greek”; Chas. A. Aiken, “Prof. of Christian Ethics &c.”; and, Stephen Alexander, “Prof. of Astronomy.” The latter one of original members of National Academy of Sciences (1862), and cousin-collaborator of Joseph Henry. Edge tear, break at fold, neither affecting mounted signatures, light dust toning, else V.G. $90-130 (6 sigs.)

10-9. Ticket to Walk across Brooklyn Bridge.

Rare ticket stub, “New York & Brooklyn Bridge / Promenade / Not good if detached,” with stylized rendering of the bridge, and printed signature of C.C. Martin, Chief Engineer and Supt.; Martin was First Assistant Engineer “until May 1883” (Marquis), presumably becoming Chief Engineer in the Bridge’s earliest operational period. Ticket recorded as 1883 by previous collector, though should be researched. Black and blue-grey background; no price. 1 x 2. Very light edge roughness, though more likely from dull printer’s blade when a large press-sheet cut into single tickets. $90-120

10-10. A Christmas Present of Contrived “Telegrams from Famous Americans.”

Highly unusual, witty suite of five creatively fabricated drafts of “telegrams,” all dated Dec. 24, 1911 and of the period, manuscript on partly printed European forms, “Telegramm nach Amerika,” all to the very real “American Envoy Entraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Switzerland” Henry S(herman) Boutell, great-great grandson of Signer Roger Sherman. Evidently spoofs, all composed by same jokester, “signed” by prominent people of the era, to brighten the recipient’s Christmas in far-away Europe. Boutell reportedly did not find diplomatic service to his liking; he persevered til 1913, then resigned. Perhaps these clever and amusing “telegrams” were intended to lighten Boutell’s unhappiness; the German-language headings suggest the creator was a colleague in the American community in Switzerland, having access to such local forms. Comprising: Humorous, fabricated “message” from unionist Samuel Gompers, “Via Western Labor Union Lines...Dynamite System - Fablegram, Los Angeles...(To) Hon. Henry S. Boutell - Switzerland. Open confession is good for the soul but not for yours truly, Samuel Gompers [crossed out and replaced with] Samuel Rumpus.” • “Message” from Speaker of the House “Uncle Joe” Cannon: “Fairygram via Cannonball - Speechless Chair, Washington, D.C...Have a cigar with me...Yours affectionately Uncle Joe,” the bottom intentionally spattered with ink drops, with the word “Mud!!!!” penned beside. • “Message” from Rep. Sereno E. Payne of N.Y., the first House Majority Leader, and a staunch protectionist: “Via Powerless/Wireless/Ireless - Pork & Beans Committee Room, Washington...Tariff Bills are not all they are cracked up to be, but friendship never dies. Serenein Pain” [intentionally misspelled]. • “Via Canadian-American Fable [Cable]...Merry Christmas. Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown. Peace be with us. Reciprocitorily yours, Bill Taft,” crossed out and replaced with “Bill Laughed” by humorist. (Recipient Boutell was appointed by Pres. Taft.) • “Message” from “TheAdored Roosevelt, No Sho Bay, Darkened Continent...I hope like all of my true friends you are discouraging and will continue to discourage any movement to nominate me at the next republican convention. I am not a candidate. I would not accept a nomination on a silver platter. So please see that it is offered on a gold one...To be or not to be, that is not the question. I am always it... Malefactors of great wealth...will no longer frank my messages...Consistence is not a cardinal virtue... Love to...Maria and to Bill....” Some toning, minor waterstains, fold and handling wear, but good. It is just possible that actual telegrams were sent, based on these drafts; in all events, one can imagine the delight and smiles that these brought to the recipient. A distinguished legal scholar, who declined Taft’s appointment as Chief Justice of the U.S. Court of Claims, Boutell certainly knew all of these “senders.” $80-120 (5 pcs.)

10-11. A Father of the British Beer and Ale Industry licenses his Patent – for Carbonation.

Important beverage industry legal indenture, London, Sept. 14, 1914, granting “license to manufacture and vend a Patent apparatus for carbonating Beer and other liquids.” U.K. & Isle of Man Letters Patent No. 18006, Parmurfinch Patent System. Royalties to be paid patentee-brewer Walter Finch of Derby, by Stretton’s Derby Brewery, Alton & Co. Ltd. Brewers, and Murray Foundry Co. Ltd. of Victoria St.  8 ³/4 x 11, 8 manuscript pp., handsome calligraphy recalling a century past, ruled in pink, with orange Royal tax stamp, lovely oxblood wafer seal, bound with fine green cord. Signed at conclusion by Finch and two Murrays. While efforts to reproduce the effect of naturally sparkling mineral water began in the eighteenth century (Schweppe opened his plant in England in 1792), artificially carbonated draft beer was not introduced to the U.K. til 1936--wikipedia. The new invention here is evidently for automatically propelling relatively flat British-style beers and ales from casks or kegs (rather than mechanical pumping). Patentee Finch was Chairman of the Brewers’ Guild at its inaugural meeting in 1911. Now known as the British Beer & Pub Association, the Walter Finch Memorial Fund continues to this day, giving financial assistance to needy members at Christmas. Dust-toning on blank outer wrapper, several marginal filing notations in light period pencil, else very fine. Early thus, and a milestone in beer and ale history. Few things held such sway in the rich texture of British life as the pub. Modern research accompanies. $160-220

10-12. A Letter from Paradise, from co-author of “Mutiny on the Bounty.”

Fascinating T.L.S. in pencil of James N. Hall, co-author of the trilogy Mutiny on the Bounty, Men Against the Sea, and Pitcairn’s Island, as well as Faery Lands of the South Seas, The Dark River, Botany Bay, and a long roster of other titles. From Papeete, Tahiti, (French Polynesia), Aug. 9, no year but likely 1925. 8 ¹/2 x 11, rich purple typewriting on watermarked National Bond. To “My Dear Mr. Lane.” “...relative to my ‘Onward Christian Soldiers’ story. You ask, ‘If the missionaries had not gone would trade have not gone?’ among these islands. Unfortunately trade would have gone, and in fact, did go, in some instances, before the missionaries. I did not mean to give the impression that the missionaries were alone responsible for the forlorn conditions, for that is not the case. But I really believe that the missionaries were largely to blame for the result because they destroyed the laws and customs of the natives by destroying the authority of their priests. Of course, they had to do that if they were to get a hearing for Christianity, but the results were none the less deplorable. I have heard, through travelers, that in some of the Dutch islands, the natives have been protected against missionaries, with excellent results. Not long ago I had a long conversation with an American who had spent some weeks or months at Bali. He told me that there, island life went on as it had for centuries, owing to the wise policy of protecting the inhabitants against both religious proselytizing, and unscrupulous traders. I have not heard of any islands - certainly there are none in this part of the Pacific - where both traders and missionaries have stayed away.” Hall’s “Onward Christian Soldiers” story appeared in July 1925, in The Atlantic Monthly. In that same year, he married his part-Polynesian wife. He resided in Tahiti from 1920; their home today is a museum and tourist attraction, including his 3,000-volume library, and his possessions, just as they were at time of his passing in 1951. Brittle, lower right corner torn but hanging, other edge tears, chips, and creases; handling wear, mailing folds, but still satisfactory. Judging from the month it took his correspondent’s letter to arrive, the present letter must have languished in a mail sack at sea for a similarly lengthy period. Hall is very scarce in any form, certainly with strong South Pacific content. Unlisted in Sanders. $225-275

10-13. Mussolini and the King.

Impressive D.S. of both Mussolini and Vittorio Emanuele III, as rapidly rising Fascist Prime Minister and King, respectively, July 5, 1928, 9 ¹/2 x 14 ¹/2. Both signed boldly, the King especially expansively. By now, Mussolini - at the King’s invitation - had taken over “a number of ministries himself, changed electoral law to assure Fascist control of government, (and) suppressed all opposition parties and newspapers”--Webster’s Biographical. The King ruled from 1900 to 1946, seeing his authority evaporate as Mussolini ushered in a totalitarian state. Issued to a soldier in “Milizia Nazionale Forestale.” Purple date stamp and bold “130” in red crayon-pencil at top; blue and purple filing stamps on verso. Tiny Rome imprint in left margin, the printer’s business name ironically “...Poligrafico....” Uniform pale cream toning, slender thread pulls where removed from binder, right margin toned with edge chipping where leaf must have extended about ¹/8” beyond others; pea-sized ink drop beneath Mussolini’s signature, likely from his pen, else about very good. Edges can just be matted to cover. $200-250

10-14. Propaganda Collection – including Helicopter-Dropped, and the Only Newspaper we have seen printed on Onion Skin.

Rare, highly ephemeral collection of 25 different printed propaganda handbills, small broadsides, and related items, from both sides of the Algerian war for independence from France, 1954-62. In French, some with Arabic on verso. 2 ³/4 x 3 ³/4 to 8 x 11 ¹/2, a few with colored ink. Some crudely printed. Some illustrated; at least one bearing photo of de Gaulle, also serving as a pass. Obscured by the passage of time, the Algerian War was as prominent in news coverage at the time as Viet Nam would be (which the French had lost in 1954); it was one of the last hot wars involving parameters of a vanishing world, encompassing a colony of a great historical power, the storied French Foreign Legion, and psywar propaganda techniques perfected in World War II. A complex affair, the war formalized Mao’s theories of a ruefully named “people’s war” – involving sadistic murder and torture of women and children, the guerrillas then melting into the general population. The conflict spilled over into France itself, known as the Café Wars, the Paris massacre of 1961, with murder and retribution, and Algerians thrown into the Seine. In a landscape of sabotage, internment camps, violence, terrorism, and treachery, de Gaulle ultimately withdrew, claiming the high cost to the French economy.

Including: “If you vote, be an independent cooperating with France.” • F.L.N.’s “Clean out the Europeans...” • “Recapture your place in the new French Algeria!” • “Attention - Ta vie est en danger...” (“Your life is in danger”). • “Stop the Absurd Fighting!...,” 1959. • Small poster announcing rally, “150,000 Francais, musulmans et chrétiens.” • Message from de Gaulle, “Vive la France,” dropped by helicopter, Jan. 25, 1960. (It was in Algeria that the helicopter was first used in a ground attack role; the same helicopter methods were used by the U.S. in Viet Nam.) • “Only France Guarantees Your Rights...,” noted in contemporary pencil as dropped from helicopter Mar. 28, 1862, a late, desperate attempt to preserve their position. • Artwork of Algerian and Frenchman arm in arm (with truck tire tread on verso). • Lurid 16 pp. glossy booklet, with photos of martyrs of French Algeria following the massacre at D’El-Alia, 1955. • Newspaper entitled Resistance Algerienne, Apr. 1-10, 1957, issued by “Front de Libération Nationale Algerienne, Pour la Défense de L’Afrique du Nord,” with slogan above masthead “Revolution by the People and for the People.” 9 ³/4 x 12 ¹/2, 4 pp., in French. On cockled onion skin - the only newspaper we have seen printed on such paper. • Late, lengthy announcement of Commandant of F.L.N., ironically dated July 4, 1962, addressing “confusion” caused by the press and radio. A lengthy treatment can be read in Algerian War. — Wikipedia. Some with minor wear or defects, some expected browning due to paper quality, newspaper with mousechew at blank corner, but generally very good and better. The basis for a book; relatively little has been written in recent decades on this eight-year saga, a key event in geopolitical power shifts in the modern era. A significant study group. $450-650 (25 pcs.).

10-15. A 007 Novelty.

Norwegian James Bond comic book, May 1967, promoting Summer debut of You Only Live Twice – here retitled “Livsfarlig Oppdrag” for the Scandinavian screen. Iconic color cover art, showing a tuxedoed Bond looking on at the moment a motorcyclist is shot by another in hot pursuit. published by Romanforlaget, Oslo, No. 5 in their series; 6 ³/4 x 10, (48) pp. Black and white text - in Norwegian. On inside front cover, large movie still of “Kommandørkaptein James Bond,” in uniform. On outside back cover a full-color movie still of 007 with Kissy Suzuki. Movie stills on inside back, showing earlier Bond femmes Bussy [sic] Galore” in Goldfinger, Tatjana Romanova, and Domino (Claudine Auger) in Thunderball. You Only Live Twice was originally released in English, Japanese, and Russian, but received a different title to lure Norwegian moviegoers, roughly, “Uncommon Valor.” Spine crease with typical handling wear, but displayable, and internally fine. Likely a rarity from a small market, and perfect for the Bond completist. RareBookHub finds no copies. $65-90

Playing in baseball’s first-ever World Series, Wagner’s record eight National League batting titles, capped in 1911, remains unbroken to this day. In the inaugural Hall of Fame votes in 1936, Wagner was tied with Babe Ruth. Indeed, Ruth later wrote of him, “Honus could more than out-field all of them. He was perhaps the greatest right-handed hitter of all time...Ed Barrow once told me he could have been as good in any position but he made his greatest name as shortstop...”--The Babe Ruth Story, p. 224.

In 1905, Wagner became the first sports personality to endorse a commercial product, the Louisville Slugger, its name an allusion to Wagner’s earlier years playing on the Louisville Colonels. His 1908 season has been termed “the greatest single season for any player in baseball history.” When finally retiring, Wagner had accumulated some 3,418 hits, retiring as the National League’s all-time hit leader. (It took Stan Musical some 45 years to surpass the record.) Suitably, Wagner received his very own postage stamp, part of the “Legends of Baseball” series issued in 2000. • Pie Traynor played his entire career for Pittsburgh, topping .300 ten times. Considered by many historians the best third baseman of his era, Traynor remains the only Major League player to steal home plate in an All-Star Game. • Al Lopez was a two-time All Star, holding Gabby Hartnett’s record for career games played as catcher - 1,918 - which stood for over four decades. Slated to replace Casey Stengel as manager of the Yankees in their glory years, Lopez remained with the White Sox. Lopez had the distinction of being the last living person who had played Major League baseball during the 1920s. • At the time this cover was signed, Simmons, Lopez, Warstler, and Cooney were all playing for the Boston Bees. In the fabled year of 1927, Simmons led the American League in batting at .392, besting Babe Ruth. When Lopez later coached the White Sox (garnering the A.L. pennant in 1959), Cooney was one of his coaches.

Characteristic toning of seams on verso, lighter on front; depression of a clip on verso, very minor blind handling evidence in blank address field on front, perhaps from postal use, else fine and pleasing. The Wagner-Traynor-Simmons-Lopez combination in any form is seldom seen; on a baseball F.D.C. the quartet is rare. This very cover is subject of an illustrated article at thebaseballchronicle.com/ personal_stories/hof_inaugural_day. A wonderful item from the diamond’s Golden Age, especially for a Pittsburgh fan, and judged the best Wagner cover to emerge in the last decade. $1700-2300

Just a few highlights from the year that debuted the new N.Y. Mets and Houston’s Colt .45s: Opening of baseball’s then-newest field, Dodger Stadium; addition of Bob Feller and Jackie Robinson to the Hall of Fame; the season’s M.V.P.s Mantle and Maury Wills (with his astounding 104 stolen bases); home run kings Harmon Killebrew (48) and Willie Mays (49); 1962’s top winning pitchers Ralph Terry (23) and Don Drysdale (25); Sandy Koufax’s 2.54 E.R.A. - and his no-hitter, a feat also boasted by four other hurlers that year; the Mets’ 120 losing games - the most in Major League history; early preview of the Mets’ planned Flushing home, ready for ‘64; the Yankee’s 20th Series win, clinched with a dramatic 1-0 victory over the Giants, with Mays’ double and McCovey’s line drive in the bottom of the 9th holding the world in the balance - but Bobby Richardson snared the ball, and it was all over (it would be the Yankees’ last World Championship in a star-studded run - until 1977); J.F.K. throwing the first pitch at the ‘62 All-Star Game; the 16-inning marathon of Senators pitcher Tom Cheney, allowing no hits beyond the 7th inning; and much, much more. Plus a wealth of football and basketball news, with the same pictorial treatment. About 10 issues with sparing, older tape reinforcement of short tears, now with some toning; one coupon in issue of Dec. 22 retaped into position on last leaf; occasional darker toning of spines, else issues generally with typical pleasing, uniform sand to cinnamon toning; few issues at bottom of stack (i.e., end of year) shelfworn. To perfect the characteristically uneven pages seen in nearly all newspapers, fore-edges guillotine flush-cut by a fastidious previous owner for minty appearance (such as done by professional bookbinders when preparing periodicals for binding); other very minor wear, else fairly little-handled, and generally very good to fine and clean. Ex-epic Sporting News auction, upon closing of their St. Louis offices after over a century, hence free of mailing labels, and most never folded. Thence in collections of “the voice of Michigan football,” followed by a former Milwaukee baseball agent and publicist, working with and friend of innumerable stars of the game’s golden age; both homes dry, smoke- and pet-free. Random single issues of various years appear occasionally, but complete runs of any year elusive. $500-700 (52 issues) (Previous sixteen years of “Sporting News,” 1946-1961, also available; inquire)

11-3. A Sprawling Jim Thorpe Signature, plus over 65 Movie Stars.

Wonderful in-person autograph album begun on “8/10/(19)31,” almost completely filled, most on front and back of leaves, with over 65 in-person signatures of celebrities from the golden years of entertainment, plus a splendid Jim Thorpe in dark pencil. Dates, where written, between 1932-37. Blind-tooled black leatherette, padded cover, 3 ³/4 x 6 oblong, leaves alternating in eggshell, blue, and pink. Almost all in ink. Including: Morton Downey, Florence Lake, Clark Gable, Norma Shearer, Ona Munson (in “Gone With the Wind”), Tallulah Bankhead, Mae Murray, Victor Moore, Sophie Tucker, Ted Husing, Jim Cagney, Carl Laemmle, George Raft, (Robert) Ripley, Randolph Scott, Hope Hampton, Irene Rich, Joan Crawford, Smith & Dale, Barbara Stanwyck, Helen Chandler, Jean Arthur, Maurice Chevalier, Lupe Velez (very scarce), Jeanette MacDonald, Mary Pickford, Claudette Colbert, Darryl Zanuck, Cliff Montgomery, Eddie Cantor, Johnny Weismuller, Al Jolson, Fred Allen, Will Hays, and over 30 others – plus an oversize Jim Thorpe in dark pencil, 4 ³/4” wide. Collector’s Arverne, N.Y. home and (father’s?) office address (393 Seventh Avenue, Room 711, in heart of the Garment District) on typewritten label on inside front cover. Last two leaves bear signatures of Irish Hal McKay, Harry McGann, et al, with owner’s 1981 inscription fifty years after the album commenced, “The Last of the Mohicans, Chief Bill Buck.” 1944 German banknote with two signatures inserted. One leaf loose but present, few leaves with minor edge defects, likely from handling when signatures being collected, else generally very good to fine, and clean. A charming repository, capturing Hollywood, Broadway, and entertainment in its glory. One of America’s greatest athletes, Thorpe was the first Native American to win a gold medal, in the 1912 Olympics. Despite his fame, he never made a living from professional sports; stripped of his medals, they were not reinstated til 1978. Request complete list of signatures. $2750-3500

11-4. Stars of the Yale Baseball Diamond – 1899 – believed with Coach Walter Camp, Founder of Modern Football!

Original oversize group photo of nine members of 1899 Yale Bulldogs baseball team - plus coach in “Y” sweater, believed Walter Camp, nominal founder of modern American football, based on a captioned, printed photo of the preceding year’s team. Live area 10 ¹/2 x 13 ¹/4, on original photographer’s flush board mount. At front row center is star Charles de Saulles, also Yale’s quarterback, and celebrated All-American (a Camp innovation, dating to 1889). In addition to Camp’s other athletic feats, he coached Yale’s baseball team from (at least) 1897 through 1899. Some of other players were also notable, but none went pro (there was no need, given their families’ positions in society!). With the same backdrop and faux rock props seen in other turn-of-century Yale team photos by Pach Brothers, the university’s official photographer. On verso, adhesions of three period leaves, one possibly an envelope flap; some old dampstain toning, puddling, and speckling, perhaps from once being framed against a wall which became damp; several broad creases, but only apparent when viewed from verso; front with minor chipping at two tips, loss of 1” triangular wedge at lower left, edge tear and some scuffing along left vertical margin (see image on p. 61). Still, very satisfactory, with nostalgic, superior composition in crisp focus, rich olive-brown tones with nearly unimprovable contrast, and much appeal for display. In 1905, de Saulles joined a football team in a remote town in Kansas. Undefeated for two years, de Saulles’ team caught the eye of the New York Sun: “Out in the little mining town of Iola, Kansas, there is probably the oddest football team in the country. Its members never train, have no practice except signal work, and yet are able to defeat all comers....” In later years, Yale’s first baseman in 1947-48 was future Pres. Bush; the 2001 team’s batting leader was Ron DeSantis. This image not found online (the copy in Yale’s Beinecke Library has roster adhered to its face with scotch tape!--Yale Record Group 38-C). Such oversize photographs of nineteenth-century baseball teams are seldom encountered; our example certainly the finest located of this iconic Ivy League squad. The large format affords fascinating scrutiny of their uniforms and gloves, facials expressions, and personalities. Excessively rare thus. Modern reproductions of different, printed poses of Yale’s teams, presumed from yearbooks, are sometimes found on eBay. $550-750

11-5. Sunday Baseball “helpful to public morality....”

T.L.S. of Texas State Rep. Thos. B. Love, prominent politician and future Speaker of Texas House, on letterhead with Lone Star seal, Austin, Feb. 10, 1903, 7 ¹/2 x 8 ¹/2. Signed with blue crayon-pencil. To a Dallas constituent. “...Thank you for your kind interest in my children’s street car fare bill...I will give my hearty support to the English Anti-Cocaine Bill, but am compelled to differ with you on the proposition of Sunday base ball...I am convinced that it would be harmful rather than helpful to public morality and good order to prohibit Sunday base ball....” Blank lower portion trimmed, with no apparent loss of text, uniform cream toning, handling evidence, else good plus. Love appears in East Texas: Its History and Its Makers. A leading spokesman for prohibition, and early supporter of Woodrow Wilson, he was appointed Assistant Sec. of the Treasury. With modern research mentioning Love’s bill to take a census of Confederate soldiers and sailors in 1907. A fairly early political interest in lifting the Sunday ban on baseball. (Our previous auction included a 1912 F.D.R. letter mentioning the subject.) $75-90

11-6. Football: The “Other” New York Yankees.

Rare 1948 printed folder, “Roster - Schedule - Hotels - Ticket Information” for the short-lived football Yankees, also playing in Yankee Stadium (and owned by Dan Topping). Opening to 7 ³/4 x 21. Logo nearly identical to Yankees baseball team, but arranged on a football. Red and blue on eggshell, with full-panel sepia montage of nine photos, including pioneer black player “Buddy Young - Football’s Fastest,” plus “Bullet Bill Daley - Line-Smashed Backer,” “Bob Kennedy - Booming Punter,” et al. Inside, poster-style roster of large squad, with age, weight, height, hometown, school, and years with club for each. In period hand, twelve additional players noted in margin; “Loud Speaker” penned on front panel. Season tickets $14 to $28. Schedule included Aug. exhibition game vs. the football Brooklyn Dodgers, at Freeport Stadium, famed for its stock car races. The team produced five Pro Football Hall of Famers, including Bruiser Kinard, Tom Landry, and coach Ray Flaherty. The following year, 1949, spelled the fourth and final season of the team and their All-America Football Conference. Absorbed into NFL, football Yankees players were divided between N.Y. football Giants and N.Y. Bulldogs. Some fold and pocket wear and handling, perhaps annotated by a sportswriter or staffer, else good. An obscure corner of football history. $80-110

11-7. Pair of Champion Runner’s Athletic Union Medals - by a Famed Jeweler.

Two substantial sterling silver medals awarded by American Athletic Union of the U.S., to two-time “Champion” of the Two Mile Run, “Mar. 18, 1905” and “1906,” each 1 ³/4” diam. The two medals were expertly joined as a belt buckle for the victor, with metal loops and catch on back. On obverse, Athena, Greek goddess of wisdom, skills, and warfare (and identified by Romans with Minerva); 1888 along border, the year the Athletic Union founded. On reverse, event and date engraved (evidently by different hands), and sporting motif in intricate design, with delightful circular arrangement of baseball and bat, tennis racket, lacrosse racket, oar, fencer’s sword, bow and arrow, and polo stick, amid vinery and berries. Each medal stamped “D.&C. / N.Y. / 25 John St.” – the famed jewelers Dieges & Clust. The firm’s creations, many of which they designed, cast, and engraved themselves, include the 1904 Olympic medal, the Medal of Honor, the Titanic-Carpathia medals (commissioned by “The Unsinkable” Molly Brown), Major League Baseball’s first M.V.P. Award, the 1927 and 1936 World Series rings, Lou Gehrig’s farewell plaque, Heisman Trophies from the first in 1939, through 1979, and many others. (Interestingly, one of the firm’s medalists, Constanzo Luini, was a descendant of a student of da Vinci.)

The present medals possibly won at the Open U.S.A. Outdoor Track & Field Championships held in N.Y., 1905 and 1906. Original finish, deep thunder-grey patina, some blue-green highlights in obverse fields, rainbow flashes in reverse fields. Understandably with some contact marks and natural smoothing of high spots of Athena’s gown on obverse, two blind dimples in obverse field of 1906 medal, else details of hair and wreaths discernable, and obverses judged about Very Fine, reverses Extremely Fine. The Amateur Athletic Union is still active, and is the governing national body of some 35 sports, including amateur badminton, basketball, baton twirling, boxing, dance, football, golf, gymnastics, handball, hockey, martial arts, soccer, swimming and diving, tennis, track and field, volleyball, water polo, weight lifting, wrestling, and more. Historically, the AAU “established standards and uniformity in amateur sports,” and “worked closely with the Olympic movement to prepare athletes for the Olympic Games”--aausports.org. Many future World and Olympic champions have appeared in their events. AAU presently boasts some 700,000 member-athletes and coaches. Rare thus. Request photographs. $250-350

12-1. Signed Photo of a Gold Rush-era Sea Captain.

Choice carte photograph of colorful antebellum sea captain James B(yers) Hatch, signed with paraph on lower mount. Full standing studio pose, judged taken while still in his seafaring days. No imprint, but possibly in his home town of Springfield, Mass. A fascinating figure, Hatch “sailed the oceans of the world for nearly forty years. He commanded some of the finest ships out of New York and Boston, among them the Barnstable, the Loo-Choo, Horsburg, and Great Britain....”--“Gold Rush Stories - The Pioneer Valley and California Gold Rush,” camcca.wordpress.com. Going to sea at 15, his first voyage was from Boston to Canton, China. “In 1848, the U.S. government chartered the Loo-Choo, with Hatch as master, to transport part of Col. Stevenson’s 7th Regt. of N.Y. Volunteers to San Francisco ‘around the horn.’ They arrived in San Francisco in Mar. 1849 at the height of the gold rush. In an article about Hatch, a Springfield newspaper wrote: ‘...He was in San Francisco when only three houses stood there, and bought gold from there before the finds that gave California fame had been made. After the gold fever broke out, the sailors would make a rush for the mines the moment they landed, and it was almost impossible to get men to sail the ship back.’” Hatch is mentioned in the seafaring classic Two Years Before the Mast, by Richard Henry Dana, both crew members on an early voyage. In a supplementary chapter, “Seventy-Six Years After,” Dana traced many of the sailors in his book. Though Hatch retired in wealth, his Gothic mansion “filled with interesting and valuable items he had accumulated in his travels,” his life unwound rapidly. Losing his wife and daughter - one day apart - his fortune vanished in a failed business venture in Springfield, “and lived a rather lonely and sad life.” His home survives; the Museum of Springfield History houses some of his log books and other items. With modern research, including a 1968 scholarly monograph from Harvard’s Business History Review, analyzing the business affairs of Hatch’s ship Barnstable, and other Yankee traders. In superb condition. Excessively rare. $220-300

12-2. A Noted Iron Master readies delivery of “Anchors for the Frigate” – in the era of Old Ironsides.

Intriguing artifact of the early American Navy: corrected draft of A.L.S. entirely in hand of Nath(anie)l Cushing, Massachusetts iron master specializing in anchors, and partner of successor to Barstow’s Forge, dating to colonial times. Probably Pembroke, Mass.; undated but possibly late 1794, 8 x 12 ¹/2, 1 p. Docketed “Sent to Tench Coxe concerning Continental anchors”; Coxe was Commissioner of Revenue 1792-1801, earlier delegate to Continental Congress, and a controversial figure in Revolution, arrested on Royalist suspicions. (It was Coxe who in 1788 wrote, “Who are the militia? Are they not ourselves? Congress have no power to disarm the militia. Their swords and every other terrible implement of the soldier, are the birthright of an American....”) “Agreeable to my Contract for about six tons of the Small anchors for the Frigate, I was to deliver them at a wharf where a vessel of about sixty tons could take them. There is such a wharf at the North river Bridge within three miles of my works, but it would be less expence for government to have them delivered in Boston as the inspector will have to go thirty miles to inspect them & the freight is very high out of that river. I will deliver them in Boston for $2.50 per ton which Gen. Jackson & others think it best. The anchors will be down next week & I wish an answer to this immediately. If I hear nothing from you I shall run the risk to deliver. Your Friend....” Significantly, there is a possibility that the “Frigate” referred to here is the U.S.S. Constitution: one and probably two letters from Coxe to Cushing, both 1794, are recorded in A Most Fortunate Ship: A Narrative History of Old Ironsides, Martin, p. 390 (copy accompanies). Today the world’s oldest commissioned naval vessel afloat, the Constitution was authorized by the Naval Act of 1794, its keel laid in Boston on Nov. 1 of that year. Certainly anchors would be needed on hand when building such a ship. Its copper bolts and breasthooks were made by Paul Revere, to whom several 1794 letters from Tench Coxe are also found. Another letter from Cushing to Coxe on anchors appears in The Papers of Alexander Hamilton. Ironic large pictorial watermark of Miss Britannia(?) beneath crown, holding olive leaf and sceptre. Edges somewhat brittle, some fine chipping but no loss of text; pleasing rich cream patina with orange marginal toning, penned in dark brown, and good plus. Cushing’s account books are preserved in the Baker Library, Harvard Business School. $275-375

12-3. Anchors Away – the Real “Old Navy.”

Retained “Coppey of a Letter to the Pres. of the United States,” from “Y(our) O(bt.) S(ervant) &c. of Pembroke, Mass.,” evidently Nathaniel Cushing, Massachusetts iron master specializing in anchors, and partner in the successor to Barstow’s Forge, dating to colonial times. Cushing had supplied anchors for numerous Navy warships, including the U.S.S. Constitution (whose copper bolts and breasthooks were made by Paul Revere), and to Thomas and John Hancock. Oct. 19, 1818, 7 ³/4 x 9 ³/4, 2 ¹/2 pp., with address-leaf simulated on verso, addressed to “The Pres. of the U.S., Washington.” “Hon. Exc(ellenc)y Jas. Monroe...I have furnished the Anchors for almost all the Ships of War of the U.S. for the last twenty years. I have never heard one word of complaint against their quality. About a year ago last Spring, the Navy Board issued proposals for making a quantity of Anchors. I made my proposal. I recd. no reply from them. I understand they thought they could get them made cheaper in Washington. I am sure they were mistaken & I have no doubt they can now tell themselves that they were mistaken. I have no doubt that I can save to the Govt. $50,000 on the Anchors they will want within a few years & they never can expect to have better Anchors than mine. Not sufficiently acquainted with the practical construction of the law establishing the Navy Board to know whether the Secty. of the Navy has a controlling influence in these cases, I have taken the liberty of addressing you & of enclosing, for your consideration, a letter for the Hon. Secty. of the Navy [not present]. Knowing that you will give to this business the direction which the public good requires, I feel full confidence that you will enable me to continue faithfully to Serve my Country....” Blotter-smudging on “address-leaf,” dust-toning along half of left vertical edge, old folds, considerable handling, suggesting the letter was re-read frequently, else good. Old pencil notations suggestive of Mary A. Benjamin, “16.00...(19?)56.” Cushing’s account books are preserved in the Baker Library, Harvard Business School, and his papers at Winterthur and Washington State University. Cushing was a distant relation of Rev. John Hancock and his famous son--famouskin.com. $90-120

12-4. Abolition – of Flogging with Cat-o’-Nine Tails in the Navy.

Printed “Message from Pres. of the U.S.” Millard Fillmore, Senate executive document, Jan. 9-28, 1851, 6 x 9 ¹/4, 11 pp. Report from Secretary of Navy “on the subject of discipline of the Navy, suggesting amendments necessary in consequence of the abolition of flogging.” Vivid statements of naval officers on the reasons for the practice, an account of mutiny of 300 men on a single ship upon learning of flogging’s abolition, and more. The previous Fall, Fillmore had abolished flogging as a form of punishment in the Navy, the culmination of the Naval reform campaign. Begun in 1830, changing attitudes toward corporal punishment propelled a two-decade movement to ban the practice. Indeed, in Herman Melville’s 1850 novel White Jacket, or The World in a Man-of-War, he “vehemently denounced a common form of punishment aboard American men-of-war – flogging. According to Melville, flogging...violated basic human rights and dramatized the persistence of a despotic institution in an allegedly democratic society. [He wrote,] ‘it involves a lingering trait of a barbarous feudal aristocracy....’ Public opinion increasingly shared Melville’s views on naval flogging...Naval surgeon John Lockwood, for example, declared that frequent use of the cat-o’-nine tails discouraged Americans with ‘manly pride’ from joining the navy...Reformers criticized flogging of convicts, children, and slaves, as well as seamen...”--“The Naval Reform Campaign,” monograph by Myra C. Glenn, at jstor.org. Light uniform toning, last two leaves printed as separate signature, press-crease at lower portion first leaf escaping text, else about V.G. Modern research accompanies. An understandably difficult-to-collect sidebar of history! $60-85

12-5. Official History of the Ironclad Monitor.

Postwar printed report to Congress by Sec. of Navy, presented July 25, 1868, reciting detailed timeline of conception, process, and costs of the USS Monitor project, “so that,” in Gideon Welles’ words here, “the real facts should be made public.” 5 ³/4 x 9, 10 pp., sewn. Discussing origin of the ironclad project in a special session of Congress on July 4, 1861, “pursuant to the proclamation of Pres. Lincoln” in which he recommended building “one or more iron-clad steamers or floating batteries.” Reprinting an 1861 report doubting that obstacles of “enormous load of iron...the great breadth of beam necessary to give her stability, the short supply of coal she will be able to stow...” can be overcome. Reciting the numerous designers’ concepts, proposals, and their costs, from $32,000 to $1,200,000 - for a single craft. Ericsson’s plan was one of three accepted, his costing $375,000. Cleanly removed from binding, some old clip rust spots and very light dust-toning on p. 1, toned margins on blank rear leaf, else about fine. One of America’s earliest “Manhattan Projects.” Scarce on the market. $110-140

12-6. First Captain of the Fastest Battleship in the World, the All-Big-Gun Battleship “Dreadnought.”

A.L.S. of (Admiral Sir) R(eginald) H.S. Bacon, the first Capt. - and contributing designer of H.M.S. Dreadnought, one of the most famous ships in naval history, launched 1906. Father of the Royal Navy’s Submarine Service, beginning with development of their earliest subs in 1900. Commanded heavy howitzer brigade in France, commander of Dover patrols 1915-18, awarded gold medal by U.S. for distinguished service. On black-bordered, steel-engraved lettersheet, Primazzina, Spezia (Italy), Jan. 10, (19)30, 4 ¹/2 x 7, 3 pp., in pastel blue-grey ink. To Greenway. “I was glad to get your letter and to hear that you consider my biography worthy of the late Lord Fisher. He was a great man and it was a real responsibility for a novice in biography writing to undertake the preparation of his life...I will be glad to send you a photo of myself signed as you have asked for it. I am however abroad til next June...A prosperous & happy New Year.” Extensive biographical notes by Greenway on verso in pencil. Minor handling evidence, else fine. Bacon also “developed one of the first practical modern periscopes...,” later making “significant contribution to the design of the all-big-gun revolutionary battleship Dreadnought...”--wikipedia, the then-fastest in the world. Bacon was also a prolific author, from 1897’s Benin: City of Blood, based on his African experiences, to 1942’s Britain’s Glorious Navy. An important figure in naval history. $120-150

13-1. A Splendid Collection of 8 Maps.

Depicting the Holy Land and surrounding vicinity, from ancient to late 19th-century perspectives. Both historical and modern-day Israel are readily gleaned in all maps. Assembled by a collector-scholar for display and teaching, offering eye appeal and a wealth of context and insight. Comprising:

• 1722, delightful strip-map-style “Plan Et Distribution De la Terre de Chanaan, Suivant la Vision d’Ezechiel...depuis le retour de la Captivité,” engraved by Augustin Calmet, Paris, 1722, 9 ³/4 x 15 ¹/4, copperplate. From Dictionnaire Historique, Critique, Chronologique, Geographique et Litteral de la Bible. With keyed historical notes in adjoining panel, French text. Clean and very fine plus. At left, reduced.

• 1797, “Palæstina,” by Cadell & Davies, London, 8 ¹/2 x 12, copperplate. With insets of Tribus, Jerusalem, and miniature matrix of distances between places, with key explaining Roman, Grecian, Modern Grecian, Great Arabian, and British miles, variously used over millennia in Palestine. Light soft foxing, minor edge wear, very good.

• 1814, “Judée ou Terre Sainte,” by famed cartographers Robert de Vaugondy and Delamarche, 8 ³/4 x 10 blind-panel, engraved within much larger, blank bifolia, 12 ¹/4 x 17, from an atlas. Original watercolored outlines in pink, green, and yellow; tribes enumerated in margin. Blank corners crumpled, with some paper loss at three; tears at blank top, minor stains at blank bottom, but exuding character, and the map itself very good.

• 1848, “Palestine & Adjacent Countries,” S. Augustus Mitchell, Philadelphia, 13 ¹/2 x 17 ¹/2. Original color, in olive green, raspberry, pale apricot, and yellow. From Tripoli in north, to “Arabia” just south of “Salt or Dead Sea.” Inset of “Environs of Jerusalem,” highlighted in lemon yellow. Key listing 38 “Turkish Provinces”; reference to “cities and towns mentioned in Sacred Scripture...Cities of Refuge...Royal Cities of the Israelites...Boundaries of the Promised Land...Political divisions prior to the Babylonish [an arcane usage] captivity....” A multifaceted map, combining ancient and then-modern references. Cream marginal toning, else about fine.

• 1864, “Johnson’s Palestine,” Johnson & Ward, N.Y., 14 x 18, ornate Gothic border. Original watercolor. Inset of Jerusalem. Scene in Damascus. (On verso of map, “Chronological History of the Great Rebellion,” containing day-to-day notes for part of 1861.) Chipping at blank lower left corner, uniform tan toning, else very good. With separate table of contents leaf from atlas, and modern photocopy of title page.

• 1874, “Palæstina,” from Stieler’s Schul [School] Atlas, published by Justus Perthes, Gotha (later in East Germany). Lithographed colors, graduated blush to sand, plus jade and lilac. Insets of Jerusalem and Zwölf Stämme (Twelve Tribes]. Exceptional detail, not unlike U.S. Geological Survey maps of the next century. Cartographer Perthes was sufficiently important to be mentioned in Gotha’s description in Webster’s Geographical Dictionary. About very fine.

• 1883, “Map of Modern Palestine, showing Ruins, Churches & Convents,” H.H. Hardesty, Chicago and Toledo, 11 x 14 ¹/4. Uncommon hand-painted solid coverage, so cleanly executed that it could be taken for litho, in apple green, ice-cream-pink, palest yellow, and tan. A pleasingly detailed map, reflecting evolving cartographic styles. Minor soft curl along blank binding margin, else very fine.

• 1897, “Palestine,” from Supplementary Cyclopedia of Universal Knowledge, 10 ¹/2 x 14 ¹/2. Outlines litho in pink and yellow; blue water. Considerable topographic notation. Excellent.

The 175-year range and variety of cartographers offer a fascinating group for study and display. All eight images on website, or gladly furnished. $475-750 (8 pcs.)

13-2. The Pennsylvania County once claimed by Connecticut.

Scarce Atlas of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, D.G. Beers, published by A. Pomeroy & Co., Philadelphia, 1873. Gold- and copper-stamped title cartouche, within large blind-stamped Gothic frame, on brown buckram. 12 ¹/2 x 15 ¹/2. All-over tinting in lovely shades of cotton-candy-pink, cerise red, pistachio green, or palest daffodil yellow; several maps with more than one color. Frontispiece map of complete state. 183 pp. About 71 maps of this coal county, including 15 double-page warrant maps and four-sheet foldout of Carbondale (with three old short tape repairs on blank side, now brown). A beautiful and historic region, Luzerne’s history includes William Penn’s grant (also claimed by Connecticut beginning 1662. “Because the King knew little about his colonies, and nothing at all about geography, Conn. and Penna. claimed the same territory in what is now northeastern Penna...”--luzernecounty.org/422/History-of-Luzerne-County. In fact, by 1774 much of the Luzerne region became a town in Connecticut’s Litchfield County - though some 200 miles away. In 1778, the area endured the Wyoming Valley massacre. Spine heavily worn, top and bottom 1” of text block exposed; covers nearly off, edge and tip wear; inside, blank flyleaf and title much wrinkled near gutter, toned, light waterstains at bottom; title and following 15 leaves with mousechew at upper right corner, just missing live areas of maps. Thence, beyond p. 37, light damp-toning along top and bottom margins, but the maps satisfactory or somewhat better. Final 11 leaves with amber oil stain at top margins; blank rear flyleaf stained and foxed. Because of their size and heft, many regional atlases are encountered in imperfect condition; if individually (and profitably) matted, most of these defects are mitigated. Phillips 2482. $475-625

13-3. Map of Olde England, Ireland, Wales, and Scotland, c. 1617.

Delightful miniature map of “Isles Britanniques,” by Hondius (1563-1611), the Flemish cartographer and engraver in England; his maps, globes, and illustrations place him in the foremost group of early mapmakers. 5 x 7 ¹/4 oblong. Cartouche “Anglia, Scotia et Hibernia.” Magnificently hand-colored, in blue, green, dark pink, and olive, with butterscotch border, by noted New York watercolorist Ariadne Liebau, late 1960s. Extensive detail for this early period, with numerous cities and towns, including Ireland’s “Limerik,” Cork, Waterford, and much more. At right, small Continental tracts of “Germaniæ,” France, Belgium, and Holland. Cream toning, else fine. $225-275

13-4. The Land of Columbus.

Strikingly attractive, massive “New and Exact Map of Spain & Portugal,” 1711, by famed cartographer H. Moll. Two sheets joined, as issued, copperplate on heavy paper, 24 x 38, original watercolor outlining each Kingdom. Printed by Bowles, London. Two huge cartouches, one a dedication to “Duke of Argilies, General of Her Majesty’s Forces in Spain” (Queen Anne), the second, measuring 7 ¹/2 x 9, of arms of the sixteen Kingdoms of Spain, and lion of Leon. Beautifully detailed. At bottom, Moll has included lengthy advertisement berating his competitors whom he describes as “cheats and ignorant pretenders.” Waterstains on verso, not visible on front, original vertical folds, separation starting, else good plus. An impressive creation of one of the core cartographers of the Age of Exploration. $600-700

13-5. Germany at War – 1756.

Copper engraved “Map of the Seat of War in Germany &c. Showing the Places where and at what time the Battles were Fought by the King of Prussia and his Allies, during the late War” (1756-63). 7 ¹/2 x 9 ¹/2. With exact month, day, and year indicated for various clashes, highlighted in blood red. Coastline tinted in pale blue. From North Sea, United Provinces, and Munster on the west, to “Baltick Sea,” “part of Poland,” and Bohemia on east. A bold letter “K” denotes “The King in Person.” Interesting old manuscript on verso, “List of battles from the other side (of sheet),” probably penned c. 1860. Uniform toning, closely trimmed, but complete and very good. $85-100

13-6. Old Spain.

Gemlike map, “Hispania Antiqua,” crisply steel engraved, and beautifully hand-colored in one of the most precise period hands we have seen. Appealing hues of strawberry pink, yellow, robin’s-egg blue, and spring green, with regions outlined in complementary darker shade of respective color. By J. Wilkes, (London), 1807, 8 ¹/4 x 10. Including Balearic Islands and north Africa, its entirety marked “Mauritania.” Some of the ancient place names also identified in Latin, including “Carthago Nova / Carthagena.” One small old stain at upper left, else fine. A superior example. $80-110

13-7. Circular Map of Switzerland.

Appealing hand-tinted map of Switzerland, in round border. Engraved by J. Cooke, (London, 1817). 6 x 7, inlaid in larger cream leaf, ruled border, possibly done at the time. Yellow, green, red, and orange, with cream circular border. Trivial toning, else excellent. Charming for display, and an uncommon cartographic perspective. $85-120

13-8. “The Field where the British laid down their Arms.”

Rare, finely executed copperplate map, attributed to the important early engraver of Charleston, South Carolina, Thomas Abernethie. “Plan of the Investment of York & Gloucester [Virginia], by the Allied Armies: in Septr. & Octr. 1781.” 9 x 9. Prepared for History of the Revolution of South-Carolina, by David Ramsay, 1785. Depicting the attack by Washington and Rochambeau, culminating in the surrender of Cornwallis – and the near-assurance of American victory in the Revolution. Scroll cartouche. Extensive text key in tiny type, “Reference to the British Lines...(and) Gloucester side,” listing 22 batteries, ships, and other details, including “British ship sunk” and “The Charon...& 2 Transp(or)ts, set on fire, by hot shot.” Numerous delightfully detailed warships in the York River of various sizes, some sunk, and some listing. Map includes “Road from Williamsburg,” “The Field where the British laid down their Arms,” “Genl. Washington’s Qts.” (with large camp tent drawn), “Count Rochambeau’s Qts.,” “American Park of Artilly.,” “N. York Line,” “Sappers & Miners,” “Genl. Clinton’s Qrs.” (a one- or two-man tent), “Marq(ui)s La Fayette’s Qrs.,” “Americ(a)n. Hosp(ita)l,” and more.

With one exception, “Abernethie’s maps are apparently the earliest maps published south of the Mason-Dixon Line...Very little is known about his life and work, which includes the maps for Ramsay’s book (and) some treasury notes for the City of Charleston...The source material for Abernethie’s maps is also interesting. Abernethie’s map of Yorktown is quite possibly derived from American sources. Nebenzahl notes that Abernethie’s map was subsequently copied by Thomas Conder for William Gordon’s History of the United States (London, 1787), but does not note the source as a printed battle plan, leading to the conclusion that the source might well be American.”--awesomologist.com/yorktown/maps. html. Two original folds, matching blank strip expertly inlaid along bottom to add margin, eccentric fragment at wide blank left margin lacking, where removed from book, else fresh, clean, and very fine. See Howes R-36; Nebenzahl 196; Wheat & Brun 545. No examples on abebooks. WorldCat locates examples only in the British Library, College of Charleston, and National Library of Scotland. A fourth, hand-colored example resides in The Society of the Cincinnati, and was featured on the lovely cover of their 2009-2010 exhibition catalogue, “Virginia in the American Revolution.” RareBookHub reports only 5 examples: Old World, with defects, 2019; Rosenbach, 1938 and evidently relisted 1948, $685; Goodspeed, 1916, $60; Merwin Clayton, 1911, $55; and Brinley, 1893, $12. Even some 85 years ago, this map commanded a very high price. A rare and important item. $900-1400

13-9. The Battle that Clinched Independence for America.

Copperplate-engraved map, “Plan of the Siege of York Town in Virginia,” published London, Mar. 1, 1787, one of the five maps intended for Tarleton’s A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781, in the Southern Provinces of North America. 12 x 13, trimmed when bound by publisher. Military emplacements in original watercolor of British, French, and American troops, at the decisive campaign of the Revolution. Showing lines of fire, headquarters of Washington, Rochambeau, La Fayette, Benjamin Lncoln, “parks” of French and American artillery, and two French ships (and numerous shipwrecks) in York River. The combination of French and American night-time assaults was the crowning touch in Britain’s defeat. Americans fighting with distinction included Alexander Hamilton, and Gens. Knox, Muhlenberg, and Wayne. Though the surrender was not formally signed til Oct. 1783, the die was cast. Wearing not a red - but a green coat - Tarleton gained the monicur “The Butcher,” becoming focal point of an American propaganda claim that his men massacred troops as they were surrendering in Waxhaws, N.C., birthplace of Andrew Jackson. Dark imprint. Irregular 4” horizontal tear, miraculously confined to blank river in upper right quadrant, and fairly easily repaired by a conservator; toning along one vertical fold, wear at other, diagonal channel creases in right panel (these judged to actually be mousetrapping of air when map originally folded in bindery), else very satisfactory. This Tarleton map became the basis for a similar map appearing seven years thence in Stedman’s History of the American War. Market appearances are scant: an example, printed off-center on a 17 x 20 sheet with oversize margins, apparently never trimmed for binding, sold at Swann, 2021, for 2375.00--Sale 2563, Lot 35. Howes T-37. Nebenzahl, Bibliography 197. Sabin 94397. Verner, MCCS No. 18: Maps of the Yorktown Campaign, XVII. $850-1150

13-10. Antebellum Map of Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina.

Map showing Delaware, Maryland, Virginia (including West Va.), and North Carolina, bordered by Pa., Ohio, Ky., Tenn., Ga., and S.C. Published by Daniel Burgess, N.Y., 1853, 9 ¹/4 x 11 ¹/2. Original hand-watercoloring in pink, celery green, and palest yellow. Notes on interpreting “navigable distance from the sea for Steam Boats, Ships and Sloops....” Including railroads and canals. Verso blank. Some tortoise-shell mottling on lightly populated Ohio and Penna. areas, perhaps from old mat, edge toning, else good. Uncommon. $50-70

13-11. Map of South America, finely printed in Germany.

Map of part of South America, 1869, title, legends, and scale in German: “Südlichster Theil von America...,” including Bolivia, “Brasilien,” La Plata, Patagonien, and portion of Peru. Exquisitely printed, with many of the placenames, legend, and scales in micro-miniature type (the six international cartographic scales requiring a magnifying glass to view the crisp type!). Inset of Patagonia, labeled “Magalhaens Land” (Magellan’s Land). Borders delicately outlined in lemon, strawberry, aqua, and spring green. Verso blank. Imprint of “Stich, Druck und Verlag der geographischen Anstalt des Bibliographischen Instituts zu Hildburghausen.” Top margin with tan band of paste where tipped into book (not present), minor wear, else very good. $35-50

13-12. Three Gilded Age Maps of Maryland, Virginia, and the Carolinas.

Pair of pleasing maps “...of Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina,” from Mitchell’s New Intermediate Geography, one from 1869 edition, other from 1880, each 9 ¹/4 x 12. Original hand-watercolors in pink, daffodil, and apple green, on now-cream-toned leaf. With portions of Pa., Tenn., Ky., Ohio, and Ga. Including railroads and some topographical features. Highly interesting cartographic snapshots of the locales of innumerable crucial battles, memories of the Civil War still vivid. On verso, text describing natural features, products, population, and chief towns of Dela., Maryland, D.C., Va. (with woodcut of Richmond), W.V., and beginning of N.C. passage. Uniform warm buttery toning, one with fine chipping at blank upper left corner, minor marginal spotting, else good plus. • With map from competitor McNally’s System of Geography, showing “W. Virginia, Virginia, N. Carolina (and) S. Carolina,” 1870. Similar original watercolors. Insets of Hampton Roads and Charleston. Part of Maryland. On verso, lengthy descriptive text, and curious period notation, “June 26...26,000....” Neat repair of vertical edge tear at bottom margin, large ink droplet, else good plus. An opportunity to gather three closely-dated printings of similar maps. Nice conversation trio for display. $120-150 (3 pcs.)

13-13. Beer and Railroads - Tandem Business Empires.

Oversize, important and excessively rare “Cram’s Official Railroad System Map of the United States and of the Republic of Mexico,” Chicago, c. 1895. About 7 x 8 ¹/2 feet. On linen, turquoise cotton edging, two panels with original marbled paper covering. Tinted in lilac, red, yellow, blue, pink, and aqua. Magnificent typographically decorative title, “Expressly for...Bankers, Brokers & Business Men.” Period rubber stamp of seller “The Geographical Exchange, Wm. M. Goldthwaite, Prop., 107 Nassau St., N.Y.”

With fascinating provenance of George Ehret - once America’s largest beer baron - this map certainly used to plan shipments of his lager nationwide. Indeed, “only one brewer owner, George Ehret, had something of a national market for his product...”--Trade Unions and Community: The German Working Class in N.Y.C., 1870-1900, Schneider, p. 155. Railroads, with their new refrigerated cars, were the key to distribution of bottled beer over long distances. Purple rubber stamps at margin, “From George Ehret, Brewer, N.Y.,” plus his round stamps on front and verso, “George Ehret, Brewer, 92d St. bet. 2d & 3d Ave., N.Y.” America’s largest brewer in the years following the Civil War, in 1914 Ehret returned to Germany to live. “In 1918 his son, George Ehret, Jr. turned over the family property with a value of $40 million to the federal government...The Alien Property Custodian found Ehret, Sr. to be ‘of enemy character’...and under the protection of ‘powerful men’...”--Brewing Battles: The History of American Beer, Mittelman, p. 84, and “Nation Gets Ehret Property,” The New York Times, May 14, 1918, p. 1.

In partnership with piano magnate William Steinway, Ehret built the amusingly named Bowery Bay Beach, today the site of LaGuardia Airport! The Ehret Brewery was subsequently acquired by Jacob Ruppert, owner of Babe Ruth’s Yankees, then by Schlitz. Original folds, usual variable glue toning on blank verso, light edge scuffing, unavoidable minor imperfections in such a large map, but clearly gently handled, remarkably sound, clean, and fine. Ex-oldest book store - and the last building with gas lighting - in New York City, the long defunct and lamented Mendoza’s Book Shop, in old envelope bearing proprietor’s pencil markings c. late 1960s. Unsurpassable Americana, from the precipice of America’s turn-of-century industrial age, with astonishing detail of towns tiny and large, affording much fascination. None on abebooks.com or ViaLibri.net. Neither Library of Congress Online Catalog nor WorldCat locate any examples. Rare Book Hub finds no examples at auction or in classic dealers’ catalogues, among their nearly 14 million records. $1900-2500

14-1. Toll for Army Horses: 941/2¢.

Charming War of 1812-date combination invoice-receipt for “tol(l)age for 9 United States teams passing through gate No. 1, $0.94 ¹/2...,” n.p. but found among mid-Hudson New York State documents of War of 1812, Dec. 31, 1812, 6 ¹/4 x 7 ¹/2, signed by teamster John Thomson. Toning, else good plus. That month saw the reelection of Madison, and a seesaw of American and British clashes on land and sea. Interesting conversation piece. $55-75

14-2. From Wreck of the Once-Fastest Train in the World.

Envelope from the early wreck of “the most famous train in the world,” on only its fourth trip. Bearing 1 ³/4 x 2 ¹/2 printed slip affixed with glue by “Post Office, New York, N.Y. The enclosure was damaged in the wreck of the ‘20th Century Limited’ train on the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern R.R., that occurred at Mentor, Ohio, Wed., June 21, 1905. William R. Willcox, Postmaster.” Postmarked Cincinnati, June 20, wide flag cancel. Backstamped “P.O. N.Y., 6-24....” Left corner of stamp lacking, tear at blank lower edge, some soiling, but very satisfactory. An open switch in Mentor resulted in at least twenty deaths, including several crew. Speculation persists that the cause may have been more sinister; the wreck of the train - some 118 years on - “remains Mentor’s greatest unsolved crime”--cityofmentor.com. Derailed and burned, the train was rebuilt, running til 1967. In the month of this 1905 wreck, its engineers had managed to shorten its journey by two hours. Then the fastest long-distance train in the world, it would take almost three decades to resume that speed. “Transportation historians consistently rate the 1938 edition of the Century to be the world’s ultimate passenger conveyance - at least on the ground”--The Art of the Streamliner. The expression “red carpet treatment” arose from the specially-made crimson runner unrolled for its passengers at New York and Chicago. The train has been memorialized in the 1934 movie “On the Twentieth Century,” the 1970s Broadway hit musical of the same name, and in innumerable books and backdrops. A damaged example of this cover, burned and lacking stamp, was offered by Robert A. Siegel Galleries in 2012. $100-150

14-3. “Superiority over horse-driven vehicles....”

Sales folder for Traffic Truck, built in St. Louis. Dateable as late 1920-1921. Opening to 10 ¹/4 x 13 ³/4, red and black. Three photos. “The lowest priced 4,000 lb. capacity truck in the world...No competitors in the sphere of mechanical conveyances...The most economical truck in the world to operate....” Purple Philadelphia office handstamp. Some dust toning, else very good. Absorbed two years later by the maker of Dixie Flyer, Jackson, and National cars, and Old Hickory trucks, the Traffic found an export market in El Salvador and Guatemala. $55-75

14-4. See the U.S.A. in a – Mitchell.

Fascinating advance-1915 Mitchell sales catalogue, in form of a profusely illustrated travelogue: “7500 Miles in 30 Days - A Story of a Remarkable Trip as Told by the Men Who Drove...the Mitchell Reliability Stock Car, The Light Four,” 6 x 9, 32 pp., midnight and turquoise blue cover, red and black on enamel text. Three crisp photographs on most pages of the car’s Autumn 1914 journey from Chicago, the route touching some fourteen states, spanning Maine to Iowa, with parts of Neb., Minn., Wis., Mich., Ind., Ohio, Pa., Md., D.C., N.Y., and New England. “The thirty most remarkable days in automobile history...A 1914 Mitchell Six already held the world’s record for a run without motor stop...the hardest run ever made in automobile history...” Showing Chicago Police Chief sealing the car’s bonnet with a wax seal, to prevent any under-hood adjustments or repair. The day-by-day narrative is highly interesting; upon the marathon’s completion, the car’s motor was entirely dismantled by “Mr. F.E. Edwards, Technical Expert of A.A.A.,” certifying that it was indeed “a stock car, exactly the same as all other cars of this model, now being shown by Mitchell distributors through-out the country....” Band of light-toning at lower quarter of front cover, else a file copy (found in England) in N.O.S. condition. A scarce item, almost any spread suitable for display in a bookcase. $55-75

14-5. When America Boasted 550 Makes of Cars and Trucks – 1918.

Very scarce National Automobile Show “Official Programme,” Grand Central Palace, N.Y., Jan. 5-12, 1918 - “America’s First War-Time National Automobile Show,” 7 ³/4 x 11, (40) pp. Color cover showing Mercury behind the wheel. Published by Harry M. Stevens, who would also print programs for Yankee Stadium, then still on the drawing board. Two-pp. preface describing supply chain difficulties and automobile trends in America a century ago. “...The gasoline situation has improved...and an ample supply is in sight...It is more patriotic to buy and use automobiles and trucks than to use horses...The motor car...conserves the food supply because it uses a fuel that does not contribute to the support of human life, whereas horses consume great quantities of oats, corn...It is vastly more important to hold the show during a period of depression...There are 550 car and truck manufacturers in the country...27,800 distributors and dealers....” List of 335 exhibitors, the automakers including Anderson Electric, Baker Electric, Doble-Detroit Steam, Franklin (at one time the world’s largest industrial user of aluminum), Haynes, Jordan, Mercer, Moon, Owen-Magnetic, Packard, Pierce-Arrow, Stanley, Stutz, and more. Interestingly, the prime show location was garnered by Stearns - spot no. 1 on the main floor. Advertisements for accessories, decorative interior fittings, Federal Truck, stylish chauffeur’s coats, Hurlburt Truck, and more. Broadway theatre show listings on nested sheet. Soft curl at lower right tip, else a file copy in N.O.S. condition. The economy would worsen; by 1924, about 300 makes of cars and trucks would vanish. $50-75

14-6. An Unrecorded Model of the Mobile Steamer.

Charming sales sheet for c. 1902-03 Mobile Steamer for 6 persons, actually based on the early Stanley Steamer, whose entire business was purchased by Cosmopolitan magazine’s publisher and moved to New York. “Philipse Manor, Tarrytown-on-the-Hudson, N.Y.,” 7 x 9 ¹/2, black on ivory enamel, printed two sides. Two photographs of this $1,400 model, unrecorded among Mobile’s many variants in Standard Catalog of American Cars. “Equal to a $5,000 French machine in finish and all requirements for power, except racing. Incomparably superior in its smoothness of operation and convenience for family use...During the summer many have been used by parties making trips through the mountains and summer resorts. This carriage is absolutely unequalled on the market to-day at any price.” Boasts purchase by John Jacob Astor “for the use of his N.Y. offices in inspecting real estate.” Lengthy text on verso of a trip to Buffalo in their much more expensive “Mobile Rapid Transit Coach...built primarily as an omnibus...”; this larger model bore a $3,000 price tag--Standard Catalog.... Horizontal fold, soft edge creases, else about fine. Mobile’s proprietor was publisher John Brisben Walker, an auto enthusiast. Buying out the Stanley brothers’ complete (first) business, Walker clashed with his financial backer, and bowed out of the car business in 1903; his former partner launched Locomobile. Apart from this early open-air six-seating “minivan,” and a new factory designed by famed architect Stanford White, Mobile had another claim to fame: Around 1903, Virginia Earle, Broadway star of The Belle of Bohemia, sang “My Mobile Gal,” one of the earliest American motoring songs. Rare. $80-110

14-7. Driving a Chevy down Memory Lane.

Group of three prewar Chevrolet owners manuals: Jan. 1, 1930, “Instructions for Operation and Care,” Universal Series AD, 5 x 8, 70 pp., green on sand cover, black and white text, illustrated. Vertical half fold, cover soiling, handling use but internally good. Chevy’s recently-debuted “Cast Iron Wonder” offered six cylinders for the price of four, pitting it against Ford’s Model A. • 1935, “Instructions for Care...,” Standard Models, 5 ¹/4 x 8 ¹/4, 27 pp., orange and black cover, black and white text. Photo of “octane selector” on engine. Quaint callout line art of dash controls. New-car warranties then were only 90 days. Cover soiling, internally very good. The ‘35 models, with their ambitiously named Blue Flame engine, saw Chevy’s 10-millionth car. • 1936, “Instructions for Care...,” Truck Models, 5 ¹/4 x 8 ¹/4, 52 pp., black on cocoa cover, black and white text, 29 line illustrations of mechanical features and adjustments. Minor garage toning of cover, else internally fine, and little-used. $55-75 (3 pcs.)

14-8. The Latest News on Trucks, Buses, and Commercial Vehicles – 1952.

Bound volume of 12 issues of trade magazine Fleet Owner, complete year 1952, 8 x 11, 170-248 pp. ea. variously, over 2,000 pp. in all. For “Automotive Fleet Owners, who do all or part of their own Service, and devoted to the Better Operation and Maintenance of Truck, Trailer, Bus, Passenger Car, Taxicab and all Automotive Fleets.“ McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., N.Y. Covers and some advertisements removed for binding, as was customary. Heavy duty navy blue buckram, gold spine title, black and white text, profusely illustrated. Content typically includes selected new model profiles, technical articles, fleet management help, maintenance tips, truck industry news, new products, oddities, unusual truck modifications and applications, and much more. Showing trucks and commercial vehicles in a wide range of service. A wealth of ads, some two-color, of truck manufacturers, body builders, accessory and equipment suppliers, and parts makers. Reflecting in words and pictures the breadth and depth of the American trucking business, with mention of both the major makers and many obscure ones. A startling panorama of America’s motor vehicle industry at its zenith. Ex-library, trifle storage dust, two tips of back board bent, else generally clean and internally very satisfactory to about fine. Very scarce as single issues; runs are only serendipitously encountered on the market. A massive volume, weighing ten pounds! $150-225 (12 issues, bound)

14-9. The Latest News on Trucks, Buses, and Commercial Vehicles – 1966.

Bound volume of 6 issues of trade magazine Fleet Owner, Jan., Feb., Sept., Oct., Nov., and Dec., 1966, 8 ¹/4 x 11 ¹/4, massive 194-356 pp. ea. variously, black and white text, many ads in two-color, some in full-color, profusely illustrated. McGraw-Hill. Content typically includes selected new model profiles, technical articles, fleet management help, maintenance tips, truck industry news, new products, oddities, unusual truck modifications and applications, and more. Showing trucks and commercial vehicles in a wide range of service. A wealth of ads, some two-color, of truck manufacturers, body builders, accessory and equipment suppliers, and parts makers. Reflecting in words and pictures the breadth and depth of the American trucking business, with mention of both the major makers and more obscure ones. Ex-lib., trifle storage dust, minor cover and spine wear, minor defects, else complete, generally clean and internally good to about fine. Very scarce. $75-100 (6 issues, bound)

14-10. The Latest News on Trucks, Buses, and Commercial Vehicles – 1970.

Bound volume of 11 issues of trade magazine Fleet Owner, lacking only Mar., 1970, 8 ¹/4 x 11, massive 186-236 pp. ea. variously, over 2,000 pp. in all. McGraw-Hill. Color covers, black and white text, many ads in two- and full-color, profusely illustrated. Including comprehensive 1971 Preview issue (Oct.). Content typically includes selected new model profiles, technical articles, fleet management help, maintenance tips, truck industry news, new products, oddities, unusual truck modifications and applications, and more. Showing trucks and commercial vehicles in a wide range of service. A wealth of ads, some two-color, of truck manufacturers, body builders, accessory and equipment suppliers, and parts makers. Reflecting in words and pictures the breadth and depth of the American trucking business, with mention of both the major makers and more obscure ones. By this date, the magazine had changed considerably, in both content and art direction, the latter rather cutting-edge for the period (and for a trade magazine). Ex-lib., trifle storage dust, light cover and spine wear, minor defects, else complete, generally clean and internally very good to about fine. Scarce as single issues; consecutivity is seldom encountered on the market. Very scarce. $130-170 (11 issues, bound)

14-11. Antique Auto Parts with Provenance.

Gathering of 15 prewar automobile small parts and tools, all from the incomparable Iron Ranges of Henry Austin Clark, Jr., proprietor of the famed Long Island Automotive Museum, and co-editor of Standard Catalog of American Cars, 1805-1942. (The Iron Ranges were private, invitation-only visits to Clark’s inner sanctum and warehouses in Southampton, at which almost any of his ancient parts could be purchased. His wish was that they find good homes.) Some here have been identified, on string-tied tags, by another great, Ralph Dunwoodie, variously the Bill Harrah’s auto collection’s librarian, West Coast buyer, and Pres. Including:

Spring shackles, carriage bolt through two double cups, with fasteners. • Model T “Valve seat refacing tool....” Ford script stamped on underside. • “Brake cam, Model T Ford.” • “Valve grinding tool (valve lapping), Teens.” • “Closed car door hinge, 1920s.” Stamped A12352. Heavy, high quality. • “Rocker arm (OHV engine). • “Drain plug,” ¹⁵/16”. • Model T tool, “5Z212” cast. Body bracket connecting holding wrench. Open-end wrench; shaft bent 90° to thick flat blade at other end. Designed to hang on frame, and allow tightening from below car. “H” in elongated diamond, presumed maker’s mark. • Following were not identified but may be further researched by consulting Clark’s roster of cars: One hemisphere of small bell housing, about 2 ⁵/8 x 3 ¹/8, possibly bronze. • Double-U brace (perhaps a spreader), fixed square hub. Very high quality alloy steel. • Odd, very heavy steel balance arm, indentations along sliding weight as on a scale. “King”(?) cast. Legs 8 ¹/2, 3 ¹/4, and 2 ¹/2” long. • Plumbing-style 90° elbow, brass or bronze, “Y482” cast, nut captured; internal cone reduces flow from ³/4” to ¹/8” diam. • Massive unthreaded bolt, 1 ¹/2” diam., with large-bore holes in shaft for locking clevis pins (not present); hex head, square end to prevent rotation. • Large, inside-threaded collar, with four heavy articulating steel fingers to lock in place. • Reservoir cover(?), “Pat. Pend(ing),” original red paint, hollow brass tube removeable with mini-T-handled shaft and nut. Perpendicular holed tabs, for mounting on engine or firewall. All (but latter red item) with deep chocolate brown-black patination of then-unsurpassable American metallurgy; all apparently used, but good and better.

With Dunwoodie’s shipping label, upon sending back the identified parts. Clark’s Museum had about 400 vehicles over the years, all carefully selected and some exceedingly rare. Any unidentified part here likely fits one of those 400 cars and trucks. A rather fascinating display of prewar American automotive relics, representing the latest technology at the time! The variety of form and function will provoke interesting conversation. Request group photograph. $65-90 (15 pcs.)

14-12. Trucks Equipped with Oil Can – and a Horn.

1911 Federal Truck sales mailer, 8 ¹/2 x 11, 4 pp. “Manufacturers of One Ton Trucks,” Detroit. On first page, lengthy typewritten message in purple, to Riverside, Calif. prospect, touting their 1-ton’s “very wonderful showing” in Chicago Evening American Reliability Run, to Detroit and back, with 650 lb. over-load, winning first place. Inside, 5 photos of complete trucks, including Detroit City Gas Co. Meter Dept., plus 2 of rolling chassis. Sales Manager’s signature rubber-stamped in blue. Break along one fold, uniform light toning, else about fine. Federal would outlast most of their early competitors; in the late 1930s, one of their streamlined models was styled by Henry Dreyfuss. Images available for Lots 14-12 to 14-21. $45-65

14-13. One of the Longest Auto Catalogues of the Teens – 64 pp.

1914 Winton Six hardcover book-style catalogue, “produced by Alexander Winton, founder American automobile industry,” Cleveland. 48 H.P. models. 5 ¹/4 x 9, (64) pp., darkest green embossed on cocoa brown, mocha frameline border, turned over rigid card cover; matching endleaves. Greentone and black text, on ivory enamel. Exhaustively illustrated with lovely duotone photos, plus charming, specially-commissioned artwork. Features included center-control steering wheel, German silver radiator, and folding rail for lap robe. “The most restful riding car on American roads...Chassis will accommodate any type of special body...”--pp. 15, 57. Specs and prices at rear, the limousine up to $5,000. Interestingly here using the company name Winton Motor Car Co.; legally, their corporate name remained Winton Motor Carriage Co. til the following year. Possibly the most extensive and engineering-intensive American sales catalogue we recall of the Teens; Packard and Pierce-Arrow occasionally issued hardcover sales catalogues, but with fewer pages. Winton’s claim would be made by other pioneers, including Duryea, Haynes, and Lambert - but Winton was indeed the first American automaker to advertise in a newspaper. Waterstains in two quadrants of both outside boards, else a N.O.S. copy, internally as new. A triumph of American industry. $90-130

14-14. “A World-Wide Reputation for the Moline-Knight.”

Very scarce 1917 Moline-Knight oversize folder, “Advance Word...Model G,” red and black on eggshell enamel. 4 ³/4 x 11, opening to 24 x 28 ¹/2. “Thousands of Moline-Knight enthusiasts formerly drove poppet valve cars...A long row of cylinders unnecessary....” Inside, very large halftones of their charming Coupe and 7-pass. Touring Car; two large views of engine. “Experts agree” the Moline-Knight motor “is the most powerful, the quietest running....” Two additional models on verso. If their claims didn’t clinch the sale, the sheer size of the folder surely did. One of a few marques of the Teens boasting V-shaped radiators, seeking to gain instant recognition on the road. Short breaks at fold junctions, and two top folds; average handling evidence, else very good, clean, and splendid for display. Moline material is elusive. $75-100

14-15. “The Lure of the Stearns-Knight Car.”

(Late 1918) sales folder, opening to 16 x 17, apricot and black on cream. 4 and 8 cylinder. Inside, charming line drawings of all 14 models, from the $1495 Clover Leaf Roadster to top-of-the-line $3600 7-passenger Limo(u)sine Landaulet. Higher-grade models include bronze hardware, “all mountings of mahogany,” French inlaid walnut trim, and “disappearing chairs” (jump seats). Probably printed just after the Armistice; in the ensuing near-depression, prices here are 10 to 15 percent higher than the early 1918 figures in the Standard Catalog of American Cars. One outside panel with rain-like mottling, mouse nibbles at bottom, handling wear, else very satisfactory, and suitable for display when fully opened. $35-45

14-16. Calling All Handley-Knight Dealers.

Folder for 1922 Handley-Knight, Kalamazoo, Mich., specially printed for Chicago Auto Show, for trade distribution “to the business man in the automobile merchandising business....” 9 x 12, 4 pp., pumpkin, moss green, and black on white enamel. Purple handstamp, “Collected at Chicago Show, Jan. 28-Feb. 4, 1922”; black handstamp on three pages, “File Copy - Patent Library, AMA - Detroit....” Large stylish photos of “New 5 Passenger,” “7 Pass. (DeLuxe),” and motor, plus smaller photos of two other models. “Bodies...are hand tailored...Buyers are instantly impressed by the high standard of quality....” Four punched holes for binding, large “P” and check-file markings, edge tears, page 1 dust-toned, chipping at top margin and one corner, but still satisfactory. A rare ephemeral printing, with important provenance. It clearly attracted much attention. $50-70

14-17. New Hupmobile – Styled for the Machine Age.

Attractive 1932 Hupmobile Eight folder, 8 x 10 opening to 16 x 20, dark cream, apricot, mocha, and black. Striking head-on photo of the car, its radiator grille and bumper displaying Deco design. Inside, two tall gatefolds, “A New Car For a New Age - Performance - Beauty,” revealing 12 models, Series 216, 222, and 226. “The Hundred Feature Hupmobiles.” Period red and white filing label affixed, “1932” in ink. “Return to Blackboard Room” rubber-stamped front and back; guessed to be an art school in New England, where students would hone their skills by copying artistic and industrial design. Fresh, excellent condition. $55-75

14-18. “New Marmon” for 1932.

Handsome Art Deco oversize folder for 1932 New Marmon 8-125. 7 x 9 ¹/4, opening to 18 ¹/2 x 23 ¹/2. Graduated tropical-pink and black. Boasting “Magic Comfort Control” and “the finish of fine, rare woods.” Reciting the venerable marque’s long history, including winner of first Indy 500, 1918 champion Liberty Motor builder, and their all-aluminum 16-cylinder. Large views of 5-pass. Standard Sedan, 2-pass. Convertible Coupe and Deluxe Coupe; 10 photos of interior, motor, and features. Very light handling, else fine plus, clean, and a pleasing example. The Marmon heritage technically continues in heavy (and high-end) trucks. $50-70

14-19. The Zenith of American Custom Coachwork.

(1936) Lincoln presentation folder enclosing two color plates of custom coachwork on the classic Model K 12-cylinder chassis, the artwork specially commissioned by the automaker. Each 8 ¹/2 x 11, on blind-paneled cream white cold-pressed vellum card, in caramel enclosure, “Lincoln” in green within black Baroque frame. Depicting Lincoln Two-Window Berline by Judkins, black over forest green, at a wharf; the driver watches as a lustrous swordfish is displayed by two fishermen. • Convertible Sedan by Le Baron, sand over rich brown, parked in a scenic overlook, a picnic blanket awaiting. Latter with ¹/16” holes at blank top and bottom, perhaps from dealer display. Both plates with light toning, else about very good; enclosure with some blind handling creases, else fine and clean. Only 51 of this Judkins style were produced, and just 15 of the Le Baron. The latter cost $5500, a fortune in the depths of the Depression. These portfolios were printed in tiny numbers; the buying decision was often influenced by the family chauffeur. $55-75 (2 plates)

14-20. “With room for top hats” – Custom Coackwork.

1938 Lincoln V-12 oversize folder, print date Oct. 1937. 9 x 12 opening to 18 x 24, simulated-gold, plum, and black, on white enamel. Leaping greyhound on cover. Inside, artwork of nattily attired chauffeur holding purple polishing cloth, hood of an emerald-green car and French chateau-revival mansion behind. “...Many of America’s foremost families, governors and statesmen, as well as royalty and nobility in foreign lands, have owned one Lincoln after another...Built without regard to cost...an investment in transportation...21 body types, formal and informal, including custom designs.” 136 and 145 in. wheelbases. Fully opened, magnificent showing of crimson open-drive Limousine by Willoughby “with room for top hats,” and slightly smaller color views including coachwork by Brunn, Judkins, LeBaron, and Willoughby. Printing was limited as some styles were only built in single-digit quantities. 1938 was a particularly rocky year economically; one of Lincoln’s prime peers, Pierce-Arrow, built just seventeen cars that year before closing. Minor wear at central fold junction and ends, some handling, but good plus, and striking for display. $65-85

14-21. “America’s First Transparent Top Car.”

Group of 4 Fabulous Fifties Mercury sales: 1951 folder, opening to 15 ¹/4 x 44 ¹/2, mustard and black. Steering column-mounted “New Merc-O-Matic Drive!...The drive of your life.” 14 photos in all, including convertible and wood-clad 2-door wagon. Dust-toning front cover, light toning, file crease along horizontal bottom, else very good. • 1953 catalogue, 4 x 8, (12) pp., orange and black. “Quick Facts about the greatest yet....” “Mass-unit bumper-grille comdo, interceptor instrument cluster, down-sweep hood....” 13 photos in all. Very fine. • 1954 “Quick Facts,” 7 ¹/2 x 9, (12) pp., lime-green and black. Introducing Monterey Sun Valley, “America’s first transparent top car...used in aircraft, forms a solar section for the all-weather top.” File copy, as new. • 1955 color folder, opening to 24 x 24 ³/4. “Ten new models...Full-Scope windshield...new tubeless tires.” Optional power seats and windows. 24”-wide photo of three cars, including a pair of two-tones. Inside, striking poster-style showing of 10 cars, including cream over jade Montclair at resort. Light handling, else clean and fine. Superb display. $45-65 (4 pcs.)

Adae was a key figure among German-Americans in Cincinnati, running a bank bearing his name, and a vital connection between Lincoln and German-Americans. In 1862, Lincoln had appointed him as Consul to the Duchy of Saxe Allenburg at Cincinnati. Postwar, Adae served as Consul at Cincinnati for Baden, Bavaria, Hesse-Darmstadt, Prussia, and Wurtemberg.

A modern monograph asks, “When, how, and why did the German immigrant vote become crucial in Abraham Lincoln’s political calculations?...At an early stage he recognized the power of the German vote and its potential for deciding elections in Illinois...The German Turn-Zeitung was the first national periodical to propose Lincoln as an alternative to Seward. Lincoln himself had been willing to gamble on his chances of being nominated for the presidency as early as the Spring of 1859 (when) he (covertly) purchased, through his friend Jacob Bunn, the type and other equipment of The Illinois Staats-Anzeiger, a German-language newspaper recently established in Springfield...At a time when Lincoln experienced financial difficulties, the secret investment in a costly printing press suggests that he was beginning to think seriously about running for the presidency...In his private calculations, the German factor ranked as a priority...Resilience from past defeats was a common denominator for German Republicans and Lincoln...Lincoln had found the Germans more enthusiastic than all other nationalities in the cause of freedom...That an immigrant population should be the decisive element in a national election was unprecedented...A meticulous investigation of their engagement in American social and political life brings to light the fact that many...could revive the spirit of the failed struggle for liberty (in the German revolution of 1848) in a new cause...the fight against slavery, and they generally turned to the Republican Party...A quiet alliance between German-Americans and Abraham Lincoln was a product of coincidences and favorable political conditions...--”Abraham Lincoln and the German Immigrants...,” Frank Baron, in Yearbook of German-American Studies, University of Kansas, Vol. 4, 2012 (modern copy of fascinating article accompanies, and gladly sent upon request to interested readers). Lincoln’s cooperation with German-Americans was far from risk-free. Indeed, antagonism against immigrants had recently fueled the Know-Nothings, who warned of Americans’ “support of foreign paupers and the depredations of foreign criminals...”--Sen. Henry Wilson, The Campaign Bee, Oct. 1855. Ultimately, the balance of power, buttressed by Lincoln’s German-American supporters, handed his generation “a challenge equal to or surpassing that of the founding fathers.”--Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln, Doris Kearns Goodwin.

Ex-American Heritage Society, Parke-Bernet, Nov. 27-Dec. 1, 1979, sale 4316, lot 654, and off-market for some 44 years since. P-B lot label affixed to lower left of document itself (doubtless by an intern!). Some caramel spotting and toning in right margin (see image on p. 6 and online), perhaps from traces of iron gall on Lincoln’s blotter; possibly lightenable by a conservator when removing Parke-Bernet’s label (if desired), else signature attractive, and in all, about very good. $9,500-12,500

15-2. Trial of the President “for his numerous unconstitutional acts.”

Rabidly anti-Lincoln newspaper with pro-Constitution themes echoed in today’s discourse, The Crisis, Columbus, Ohio, Aug. 12, 1863, 13 x 19 ¹/2, (8) pp. A leading Copperhead tabloid, reportedly banned in several Northern cities, with volatile articles including, “The Martyrdom of Congressman C.C. Vallandigham,” who was deported by Lincoln to the Confederacy – then sent back North by Jefferson Davis! “Democratic State Ticket” featuring Ohioan Vallandigham on page 1; lengthy message from him. Full-page-plus fanciful expression of the intense hatred of Lincoln by antiwar Democrats: “Trial of Abraham Lincoln - A Council of the Past on the Tyranny of the Present - The Spirit of the Constitution on the Bench - Abraham Lincoln, Prisoner, at the Bar, his own Counsel...The seance lately held at the White House is the basis for a trial of the Pres. by the ghosts of the Founding Fathers, for his numerous unconstitutional acts during the war emergency....” With biting fictionalized interrogations of Lincoln on his unconstitutional conduct, by John Hancock, Daniel Webster, Henry Clay, John Calhoun, Alexander Hamilton, Patrick Henry, Jefferson, Madison, Andrew Jackson, et al. “How Soldiers’ Views are Controlled...The inalienable right to instruct the Pres., who is but their agent and servant...These soldiers had volunteers under the most solemn and sacred pledge of Congress and the Pres. that this war should not be waged to free the negroes; and because, when asked, they say they do not approve the perfidious usurpations of the Pres., they are seized and imprisoned!...” A crowning editorial: “Mr. Lincoln on Citizenship: The States alone declare who are their citizens...The General Government is nowhere invested with the right to declare any at large citizenship...The only power given to the General Government...was to declare ‘a uniform rule of naturalization.’ There are no laws in the U.S...for the naturalization of the negro. He can be made a citizen only by State action....” En toto, the writings of this newspaper are more vociferous than any Confederate newspaper we can recall. Light edge toning, wrinkle at right margin of only fold, else very fine, and apparently unread. $80-110

15-3. Rare Lincoln Mourning Newspaper.

Seldom-seen issue of New-York Observer, “Secular Department,” Apr. 27, 1865, 18 x 24 ³/4, 4 pp. Thick black mourning borders between all columns on pp. 1 and 4, black frame around entire inside pages. A weekly Presbyterian newspaper with much smaller press run than other New York titles, with exhaustive coverage of Lincoln’s funeral, commencing with page 1-column 1 “Letters from the Fireside - Everybody’s Sorrow: ”...To-day in the street it seemed as if each house, like those of the Israelites, was in mourning for its first born...This deed of infamy has put the rebellion upon a new trial. Is there a man in the South who will applaud?...What a peaceful, happy people we all were five short years ago!...It is monstrous to contend that the people or part of a people may rise up at any moment they please, and put down one government and set up another...There is one thought that I am almost afraid to dwell on...The South has lost its best friend: that Mr. Lincoln was willing to go farther in lenient measures for the sake of reconciliation, than any other public man....” Poem about Lincoln; republication of an article from their issue of Feb. 1861, retrospectively blaming the war - and now the assassination - on Jeff Davis. Bold headline inside, “The Funeral of President Lincoln”: “...A million of people were probably in the streets (of New York), making a dense mass from the City Hall to 34th St....” Announcing $140,000 reward - then a fortune - for capture of assassins. Old quarter folds, very minor foxing, much handling evidence, with wrinkling and some edge tears, but still highly satisfactory, and the only example of this newspaper from the Civil War years we have handled. The Library of Congress’ ChroniclingAmerica database conditionally locates copies of this issue only at Boston Public Library, Brown, Mattituck Historical Society, N.Y. State Library, Ontario County Historical Society, Pequot Library, Rutgers, and University of Illinois, with the proviso that “some issues are missing” in the first two and last two institutions’ collections. $325-425

15-4. The Youngest Collectible Pose of John Wilkes Booth.

Short-lived imprint, “Cartes de Visite / By / [James Leroy] Potter & [Hiram Bliss] Robie / 142 Essex St. / Lawrence [Mass.] / Negatives preserved,” a local issue of the Boston pose taken by Silsbee, Case & Co. (Potter died at age 32.) As evidenced by its very low Gutman catalogue no. 2, this is the earliest known pose of Booth – apart from one taken at age about 18, before the advent of carte photos in America; it was likely an ambrotype, daguerreotype, or tintype, now lost to history. Before disappearing, one studio later made a carte-size print; this too is considered uncollectible by virtue of rarity, and has only been published once, other than in Gutman’s book. The offered lot showing a youthful, confident Booth, seated on a plain chair, head slightly tilted, his hands assuredly posed, looking very much ready to capture the stage. Warm mocha patination, exuding character. Tiny snag at blank upper left of emulsion, only seen under magnification, where it meets gold-leaf border, probably when image trimmed with fine knife upon preparing by studio; few old ink drops, one on hair; card mat-burned at bottom both sides, minor wear, else very good. “...He was the idol of women. They would rave of him, his voice, his hair, his eyes...”--Fellow actor Sir Charles Wyndham, in Gutman, pp. 14-15. Knowing the namesake proprietor of Ford’s Theatre, Booth enjoyed unfettered access to the building. After the assassination, many removed his picture from their parlor albums, burning them. Gutman 2--John Wilkes Booth Himself, by Richard and Kellie O. Gutman, 1979. A desirable Booth image. $250-325

15-5. Lincoln’s Physician-Money Manager.

Postwar A.L.S. of Frederick Robie, Lincoln’s Paymaster of the U.S. Volunteers, serving in Army of the Potomac. A schoolteacher in the antebellum South, Robie became a physician, later Maine Gov. Gorham, Me., May 6, 1889, 4 ¹/2 x 7, 1 ¹/2 pp. “I have been absent from home most of the time for several weeks, and have just returned from N.Y...I regret to say I have already given a gentleman belonging to our own State a letter, which precludes my giving another. It would have afforded me great pleasure to have recommended you if you had applied in season, and I certainly shall congratulate you and be glad if you are successful...The Grange is doing good work in the State of Maine. I find many duties to occupy my time.” Original mailing folds, light dust toning, else fine. $50-70

15-6. A Low Production Lincoln Medal.

Large, finely struck Lincoln-related medal, “The American University - Incorporated May 28, 1891 - Adopted by the General Conference May 25, 1892 - Membership Souvenir - Lincoln Hall Fund, Washington, D.C.” Lustrous white metal, 2” diam. On obverse, large portrait of Lincoln in profile, with words “Lincoln Hall - With malice toward none, with charity for all.” Capitol dome on reverse. Maker’s mark “S & S N.Y.” Fine superficial scratches, mostly on obverse, else true mirror finish, crisply detailed, and fine. An obscure and rare item. $80-120

15-7. A Lincoln-related Postal Oddity.

1905 envelope, bearing blue 5¢ Lincoln stamp that was accepted for mailing from Italy. Rome cancellation, (literally) socked on nose of Scott #304 affixed to flap on verso! Backstamped upon arrival in Rochester, N.Y. Rare example of an American stamp used to pay postage of a foreign country in peacetime. Some wear and browning, else good. $60-80

16-1. A Rare Presidential Mother’s Autograph.

Elusive signature of Pres. Garfield’s mother, Eliza Ballou Garfield. Penned in old age, in delicate medium-brown on a laid ivory slip, 2 x 3 ¹/2. Some soft creases and light soiling, but very good. The first example we’ve handled, and a name likely lacking in most Presidential collections. $100-150

16-2. White House Invitation to a former Confederate Officer – with Dancing.

Stiff cream card lavishly steel-engraved in black formal script: “The Pres. and Mrs. Taft request the pleasure of the company of Judge and Mrs. Howry at The White House on Mon. evening, June the nineteenth [1911] at nine o’clock. Dancing.” 4 ³/4 x 5 ¹/2. Eagle and dates “1886-1911” in lustrous silver. Pleasing mellow patina, and excellent. • With envelope, “The White House” cornercard in silver. Delivered by messenger, to Judge and Mrs. Charles B. Howry, 1728 “I” St. Engraver “Berry & Whitmore” blind-embossed on verso. Flap removed, light handling evidence, else V.G. A strikingly attractive pair. Howry was a Lt. in 29th Miss. Infantry, personal friend of Varina Howell Davis, and prominent in Mississippi politics. $110-150 (2 pcs.)

16-3. An Appeal by one of the Five Civilized Tribes, with Theodore Roosevelt’s Signature – of Disapproval.

Rare sheaf of documents, underpinned by impending betrayal, headed “Executive Dept., Chickasaw Nation, Tishomingo City” (Okla.), Apr. 24, 1906, signed by J.E. Colbert, National Secretary, Chickasaw Nation. Certifying that “An Act for the protection of the people of the Indian Territory” has been passed by a special session of the Chickasaw Nation in 1904, and is now being forwarded for approval of Pres. of the U.S., “under provisions of the agreement concluded on Apr. 23, 1897, at Atoka, I.T....” 7 ³/4 x 13, bound in original plain oaktag jacket, with scarlet silk ribbon, secured with raspberry-red blind-embossed pictorial wafer “Great Seal of the Chickasaw Nation.” • Bound with: typewritten “Special Message,” 2 pp., signed by Palmer S. Mosely, Gov., Chickasaw Nation. “Having become convinced, in the light of my experience and observation as Gov. of the Chickasaw Nation for the past two years, that the salary of the office is wholly inadequate...At the time the salary...was fixed, the duties of that office were merely nominal, none of the embarrassment and complications which have now come upon us existing at that time. In recent years and particularly since negotiation and ratification of the Atoka Agreement...responsibilities of the Gov. of the Chickasaw Nation have been increased many fold... Correspondence with the various bureaus of Dept. of the Interior is important and almost constant....” Requesting salary be increased to $3,000 per year. Adding in purple typewriting, “I also recommend the salary of members of the Chickasaw Legislature be increased from $4 to $6 per diem.” • Typewritten “Act to Increase Salary of Gov. and Members of Legislature of the Chickasaw Nation,” 1 p., 8 ¹/2 x 16, signed by Speaker C.H. Brown, Clerk I.W. Sharp, Pres. J.N. Parker, National Secretary L. Thompson, and by Sec. Pro Tem Frank Smith, “The White House / Approved this the 1 day of Apr. 1904, Washington, D.C.”

Expecting approval, the word “Approved” was typed where the President’s signature was to be placed. However, the letters “Dis” have been penned (possibly in Roosevelt’s hand) preceding “Approved” – then signed thusly by T(heodore) Roosevelt, in rich brown, on Sept. 14, 190(6). • Leaf docketed with four blue and lilac handstamps of Office of U.S. Indian Inspector for Indian Territory, the last dated Apr. 27, 1906, and green handstamp of Indian Territories Div. All leaves much worn, the sheaf having seen much travel and handling over two years, culminating in Roosevelt’s signature. First three top leaves with handling but good; signature leaf with fold wear, 2 x 3” blank lower left fragment torn but present and easily reattached; docketed leaf tattered at sides and bottom; plain oaktag jacket chipped and heavily worn, but in all, moderately attractive top sheet with ribbon and seal, Roosevelt’s signature good, and entirely collectible.

Speaking some English and French, “some historians credit the Chickasaw intervention in the French & Indian War on the side of the British, as decisive in ensuring that the United States became an English-speaking nation”--chickasaw.net, official site of Chickasaw Nation. The Indian Territory’s roots dated to 1834, under a policy of forced resettlement. In 1861, having been effectively stripped of protection by the U.S., the Chickasaw and Choctaw signed treaties of friendship with the Confederacy. In 1905, the Indian Territory applied for admission to the Union as the proposed new state of Sequoyah. Roosevelt proposed a compromise, to merge Indian and Oklahoma Territories, signing the move into law on June 16, 1906 - about six weeks after the last of five handstamps on the present document. It is unclear why the Chickasaw Nation sent the present document to Roosevelt, hoping for his signature. Roosevelt’s disapproval in this document was certainly a crushing disappointment for the Indians, but perhaps not a surprise. The present document may have been a desperate end-run to forestall withdrawal of Federal recognition of the Chickasaw Nation’s legislature. In all events, upon Oklahoma’s statehood in 1907, both tribal government and Indian title to certain lands were dissolved. The remnant of the once-vast Indian Territory lost its quasi-independence, and was extinguished, ending another tragic chapter in the saga of Native Americans. Ex-Charles Hamilton. $1400-1800

16-4. As World War I Mushrooms, Teddy Roosevelt wishes “Many Happy New Years.”

Ironic T.N.S. of T(heodore) Roosevelt, on his 30 E. 42 St. stationery, N.Y., Dec. 29, 1914, 6 ¹/2 x 7 ³/4. To Charles F. Pray, Brooklyn. “That was very kind of you and Mrs. Pray to remember us. Many Happy New Years to you both!” Signed in mid-grey, on cream. Old clip stain at leaf margin, just missing text, else fine. When Roosevelt sent these greetings, few could imagine what lay ahead. $475-600

16-5. An Autographic Time Warp: Printed Hoover Free-Frank Postmarked Four Years after his Passing.

Unusual group of items from files of a Hoover penpal, Miss Dessa Daugherty, 55 W. 55 St., N.Y., including probably unique example of a Presidential printed free-frank postmarked - by his office - four years after his death: Printed “Weekly Broadcast No. 236, Hon. Herbert Hoover, Manion Forum Network,” Apr. 5, 1959, “Our Country’s Crisis,” delivered in depths of the Cold War. 8 ¹/2 x 11, 4 pp. “The Communist ultimatum as to the free people in Berlin is only their latest...Pres. Eisenhower...must have the unwavering support of a united people behind him and a people who are not afraid.” • Printed card, “I have not been able to acknowledge your message, but I am grateful for your good wishes.” In envelope, metered 1958. Ink spot on card. • Pamphlet, “Protection of Freedom - Address by Herbert Hoover at Reception given by State of Iowa on his 80th Birthday,” West Branch, Iowa, Aug. 10, 1954. 5 ¹/4 x 8 ¹/4, 13 pp. “The recruiting grounds for their [Communists’] agents are from our minority of fuzzy-minded intellectuals and labor leaders....” • Letter on engraved stationery, signed by his Sec. Bernice Miller, Dec. 17, 1958. “Mr. Hoover is very glad indeed to send you his photograph. It will be coming to you in the mail....” • Postage-meter-imprinted free-frank in blue, with exceptionally unusual error postmark, Dec. 18, (19)68 – four years after his death! (In fact, Hoover’s metering machine was mis-set by one digit.) Some toning and postal creases of printed radio address, else fine. $140-170 (5 pcs.)

16-6. Democratic Victory Dinner – 1937.

Handsomely illustrated printed invitation from Young Democratic Clubs of D.C. “to be present at the Democratic Victory Dinner in honor of Franklin Delano Roosevelt...and John Nance Garner...,” Mar. 4, 1937, Willard Hotel. Mrs. Roosevelt the guest of honor. 6 ³/4 x 9 ¹/2. Black on cream, fine letterpress. Vignette of F.D.R. and Garner, flanking eagle, with D.C. skyline behind. Excellent. • With envelope, postmarked Feb. 14, red 2¢ coil, addressed in flamboyant hand to “Lucien B. Howry...City.” Light postal wear, else fine. $30-45

16-7. White House Invitation from Pres. and Mrs. Eisenhower – Dinner for President of Viet Nam.

Significant trio of stiff cream white cards steel-engraved in black formal script: “The President and Mrs. Eisenhower request the pleasure of the company of Miss Howry at dinner on Wed., May 8, 1957, at eight o’clock.” 4 ¹/2 x 5 ¹/2. Eagle in rich gold. Toning on blank verso from accompanying newspaper clippings, else excellent. (Miss Howry a descendant of Confederate officer and friend of Varina Howell Davis invited to The White House nearly a half-century earlier--see lot 16-2.) • Smaller card, 2 ¹/2 x 4, matching script, “Please send response to The Social Secretary / The White House....” Excellent. • Petit third card, “White Tie.” • Envelope, “The White House” cornercard in gold. Delivered by messenger, to Miss Mary H. Howry, 1523 26th St. Toning from clippings, tear at front, else good plus. • Lengthy clipping from society page of the following day’s Evening Star, Washington: “Viet Nam President Royally Entertained - One of the world’s most stalwart freedom defenders was the guest of honor last night when Pres. and Mrs. Eisenhower entertained at an official state dinner for Viet Nam’s visiting chief of state, Pres. Ngo Dinh Diem...The formal gold dining service of the White House was set out in deference to the valient anti-Communist leader...Profuse arrangements of pink carnations and snap-dragons graced the table....” The star-studded attendees included Vice Pres. and Mrs. Nixon, Sen. and Mrs. Lyndon Johnson, J. Edgar Hoover, and an A-list of Vietnamese and American V.I.P.s. - two members of the Howry family were sandwiched between Bernard Gimbel and William Paley, with entertainment by pianist Artur Rubinstein. • Second clipping, “Diem Assures Congress of Viet Nam Strength - Asiatic Leader Urges U.S. Continue Economic Aid to Bolster Red Fight...His nation of 12 million now is enjoying comparative stability since the Indo-China War which separated South from North Viet Nam....” Fine. Likely the first (and only) Presidential reception for a Vietnamese leader in America (Diem had met with the State Dept. around 1950). His rule culminating in the timeless photograph of a self-immolating Buddhist monk, Diem was assassinated in a 1963 coup. Notwithstanding Diem’s demise by American design, this invitation records the cementing of the relationship between the two countries – and Viet Nam’s path to becoming one of the most conspicuous conflicts in the world. Very rare. $175-250 (6 pcs.)

17-1. The Kennedy Originally Destined for the White House.

Very rare art-book-style 1938 Harvard Class Album including Joseph Patrick Kennedy, Jr. - the oldest of the nine Kennedy siblings - killed in action in a top-secret mission in 1944 - and other future notables. Kennedy’s name first appears on title page, among the five-member Album Committee; also listed among residents of Winthrop House (p. 72), and his photo with lengthy paragraph of his sixteen activities (p. 134; “Field of Concentration: Government”; his home address is the same as brother J.F.K.’s in the following lot). Oversize 11 x 13 ¹/2, 259 pp., gold-stamped embossed burgundy leatherette. Greentone gravure plates on cream art paper, with vegetable parchment guardleaves tipped, showing iconic views of Harvard campus. Heavy 100 lb. enamel text. ”Shortly after Joe Jr.’s birth, his grandfather John Fitzgerald, the former mayor of Boston, remarked to local newspapers that his grandson would grow up to be the first Catholic president of the United States.”--nps.gov/articles.... The Camelot aura would continue to portray eldest brother Joseph Patrick Kennedy, Jr. as the Kennedy brother who should have been President first. Groomed from childhood by his father for the White House, Joseph had been a delegate to the 1940 Democratic Convention. Though eligible to return home after 25 combat missions, Joseph volunteered for the clandestine Operation Aphrodite. Flying Fortresses and Liberators were converted into flying bombs, triggered by radio in an accompanying manned plane. Kennedy was one of two fliers taking off in the sacrificial plane, laden with 21,170 pounds of explosives. After the craft completed its first remotely-controlled turn, Kennedy pulled the safety pin to arm the load. With a two minute window til the timed bail-out over England by parachute, the explosives detonated prematurely. Kennedy and his fellow Special Air Unit 1 commander never made it out of the plane. Some 59 buildings on the ground were damaged. A later biography, The Lost Prince: Young Joe, the Forgotten Kennedy, was made into a television movie, winning a primetime Emmy in 1977.

Also pictured in Class Album are Arthur Schlesinger, Jr.; Casper Weinberger; T.H. White; John Aspinwall Roosevelt, youngest son of then-President F.D.R.; and Kermit Roosevelt, Jr., grandson of Pres. Theodore Roosevelt (Harvard 1880). Kermit graduated in 1937, a year ahead of his class, taught history at Caltech, and was an American intelligence officer. No copies found on vialibri, abebooks, or RareBookHub; because the overwhelming majority of 1938 graduates soon ended up in the military, some paying the ultimate sacrifice - as did Joseph, their copies of this Class Album were likely treasured by their families, never emerging on the market. It is entirely possible that had Joseph Kennedy, Jr. survived the war, he would have reached the White House. Indeed, one modern writer has opined that his death changed the course of American history. Cosmetic shelf wear at tips and head and tail of spine, else internally very fine. A substantial tome. • With “Harvard Alumni Bulletin,” May 8, 1943, found nested inside. 8 ¹/4 x 11 ¹/2, (40) pp. Paying tribute to the 10,000 men of Harvard serving the nation. Cover story, “Political Assassinations in Japan” by U.S. Ambassador Grew, Harvard ‘02. Handling wear, else good. $275-350 (2 pcs.)

17-2. John F. Kennedy’s College Yearbook.

Harvard Freshman Red Book, printed 1937 for Class of 1940 – John F. Kennedy’s (Senior) Class, his portrait in prime top spot on p. 97, and with members of Smoker Committee (p. 195), swim team (p. 228), and football squad (p. 202). On p. 12, Kennedy among the twenty-nine freshmen who had raised petitions to be placed on ballot for class election; he did not win, however. Interestingly, Kennedy’s home address, in Bronxville, N.Y., has been misspelled. Classmates included singer Pete Seeger and songwriter Alan Jay Lerner, each pictured. Counterintuitively titled by Yale: actually featuring the seniors - including J.F.K. - but produced by Yale to be sold to incoming freshmen. 263 pp., gold-stamped burgundy embossed leatherette. The copy of J.F.K. classmate Daniel Rudolph Crusius, his name gold-stamped on cover. Faint dust-toning of cover, else little-handled, and very fine plus. No copies on abebooks. RareBookHub records only one copy reaching the market from 1940-2023 (Heritage, 2015). A quintessential item for the J.F.K. specialist. $300-400

17-3. George H.W. Bush’s College Yearbook Quartet – one unwittingly including both Father and Son Future Presidents.

Four Yale-issued hardcover books, all including the future first Pres. Bush: The Yale Banner 1947, picturing the then-junior Bush with baseball team (p. 245, front row), and University Budget Drive (p. 193, front row). He is named (and possibly also in) the Delta Kappa Epsilon photo (p. 63, top row center). 296 pp. Including photos of other sports teams, clubs, and fraternities. 295 pp., gold-stamped black imitation snakeskin leatherette. Few blind scuffs on blank back cover, else very fine. • The Yale Banner 1948, 307 pp., midnight-blue pebbled cloth. Picturing the now-senior-class Bush with baseball team (p. 176, top row), and Yale fencing team, as “Captain-elect ’Poppy’ Bush” (p. 178). Bush also named as a member or in photos of DKE (p. 133), Torch Honor Society (p. 63, top row center), and Skull and Bones (p. 47). 307 pp. Trifle shelf wear, else very fine. • Yale Class Book 1948, including mention of birth of son George W. Bush, to follow his father into the White House. Now captain of baseball team, and member DKE, Torch Honor Society, and Skull and Bones. Bush’s biographical entry p. 230, including names of numerous relatives, WW II service, and Yale accomplish-ments. “Married in Rye, N.Y., Jan. 6, 1945, to Barbara Pierce, Smith ex-’47. Their son, George Walker, was born in New Haven, July 6, 1946.” 477 pp., richly embossed black leatherette. Excellent. • We of ‘48, “A Gathering Memoir at The Half Century of the Yale University Class of 1948.” (Published 1998.) Blue cloth, photo endpapers, 397 pp. George H.W. Bush’s profile on p. 44, with classic Pres. Bush wit: “Who am I at the end of fifty years? Well, I am a happy man, a very happy man. I used to be a government employee.” With Yale Class of 1948 50th Reunion letter inviting classmates to upcoming reunion. Scar on blank back cover, probably from opening of its original shipping box by enthusiastic alumnus, else as new. All uncommon on the market, capturing the nearly vanished world of the World War II generation in their youth. $350-450 (4 books)

17-4. George Walker Bush’s Senior Class Book.

Yale Banner 1968 - Freshman Edition (counterintuitively titled by Yale: actually naming the seniors - including Bush - but designed by Yale to be sold to incoming freshmen, with content of interest to them). “George Walker Bush” listed as member of Skull and Bones (p. 252), and as “George W. Bush” as member of DKE (p. 256). 9 x 12, 287 pp. + advertising, gold-stamped blue linen. Very much a time capsule of the late 1960s, with extensive themes (and art direction) of the era, including solarized photo of a rock group; section on “The War” (“...the peace movement has begun to affect all members of the ‘New Society’ as it doubles and redoubles its momentum”; dramatically describing FBI arrival on campus, grilling students who had surrendered their draft cards, marking “maturation of the Resistance into a full-fledged political movement....”) Photo of counter-demonstration with sign, “Aid & Comfort to the Reds equals Treason.” Students’ articles on “The Urban Crisis - Will you view or participate?,” the unnamed “war in Asia”; civil rights; urban renewal in aftermath of riots (“Student Empathy: Response to the City,” with numerous photos of black residents (“...The great cry today is tear down the slums and replace them with decent housing. A noble sentiment, but it doesn’t work. People make slums...”); the proposed merger between Yale and Vassar; talk of “the very structure of education at Yale” (p. 136); revival of Yale’s chapter of the violent Students for a Democratic Society; and much more. Minor tip and shelf wear, else fine, and clean. No copies on abebooks or vialibri. Very scarce, and an opportunity for the completist collector of modern Presidential memorabilia – and a rather fascinating artifact of the Sixties from one of the academic epicenters of the clash of ideas. $275-350

17-5. John Kerry’s Yale Class Book.

Yale Banner 1966, listing “John Forbes Kerry” as member of Skull and Bones (p. 213). 261 pp., blue pinseal-embossed leatherette. This 1966 Skull & Bones delegation also included Richard Warren Pershing, Fred Smith (founder of FedEx), and map collector David Rumsey. Had Kerry (Skull & Bones ’1966) beaten incumbent Pres. George W. Bush (Skull & Bones ‘1968), then all three Presidents who have been Skull & Bones (Taft ’1878, George H.W. Bush ’1948, and George W. Bush ’1968) would also have been one-term presidents. That year’s members also included a former Yale football captain and General Counsel of Archdiocese of Chicago, Forrest David Laidley, who spent a few years in federal prison for a $9 million Ponzi-like scheme.--archives.fbi.gov.... Bill Clinton once said of the White House, “I don’t know whether it’s the finest public housing in America - or the crown jewel of the prison system.” It is remarked that the Skull & Bones 1966 delegation had a member who pursued the crown jewel, and another who resided in the prison system. Few minor rubs on front cover, else very fine. No copies on abebooks or vialibri. $175-225

17-6. The Rise and Fall of Camelot: JFK from Nomination to Assassination.

Compelling collection of 9 newspapers and newspaper portions headlining key events in John F. Kennedy’s Presidential years. Including 3 hard-to-find assassination titles from smaller Texas cities. Some large format. Milwaukee Sentinel, July 14, 1960, first section (but with all relevant news), 20 pp. “Kennedy on 1st Ballot - The Day Kennedy was Nominated...Kennedy: How I’d Handle Khrushchev....” Photo of the young Senator; larger, interesting photo of profusion of delegates’ signs at Convention. • New York Mirror, Nov. 9, 1960, “Final - Extra,” 8 pp. portion with outer wrap and story pages. Large headline “Kennedy!” “Up-to-the Minute Presidential Tally” on back page, with some close state counts: J.F.K. ahead by only two votes in Alaska! • El Paso Herald-Post, Nov. 22, 1963, Extra, “Pres. Kennedy Slain...Big Search for Assassin.” 32 pp., complete. • Daily Sentinel, Grand Junction, Colo., Fri. evening, Nov. 22, complete. Very large format, 17 ¹/2 x 22 ³/4, with large “Kennedy Slain” in red. Seven stories arranged around black-bordered photo: “Shock Grips Main St...City’s Leaders Left Speechless...Suspect Seized....” • Miami News, Nov. 22, Blue Streak Edition (with process-blue color bar running height of sheet), 8 pp., believed complete first section. Huge headline, 3 ³/4”-tall black condensed, “Kennedy Is Dead!” Below, “Felled by Assassin....” (A final edition of this newspaper, complete in only 4 pp., reporting LBJ as Pres., appeared in the Eric Caren Collection, Apr. 2024.) • Waco Times-Herald, Fri. evening, Nov. 22, City Final, 18 pp., complete. Dramatic treatment, 2 ¹/4”-tall head “Dallas Sniper Kills Kennedy...,” the entire treatment in thick black border. • Longview (Texas) Morning Journal, “Sat. morning, Nov. 23,” 10 pp. section. “Kennedy Killed; LBJ is Pres...Charge Oswald...Texas Reception Is Stunned....” • New York Times, Nov. 23, Late City Edition, complete. “Kennedy is Killed by Sniper...Why America Weeps...City Goes Dark...Leftist Accused....” Moderate toning, some chipping of blank right margins, average handling wear, else very good. • Washington Post, Jan. 21, 1965, Final. Four sections including L.B.J. Inaugural pictorial. Then-uncommon use of full-color photo on p. 1, “Johnson Takes Oath and Vows Drive for Great Society, World Without Hate...Stresses Nation of Happiness through Justice, Liberty, Union....” Some light edge fray of blank right margin, but perhaps from its original journey from plant to news stand, else very good. Except for faults noted, issues with light browning, else fine and better; some quite fresh and little-handled. All ready to display, under clear, stable vinyl film turned over illustration board, easily removed for reading or repackaging. $250-350 (9 pcs.)

17-7. Election Interference by the Democrats – 1838.

Unusual pamphlet-style, combination campaign tract and ballot for Whig candidates, Concord, Middlesex County, Mass., Mar. 19, 1838, 5 ¹/2 x 8 ¹/2, 18 pp. + handbill ballot as last leaf. “Whig Nominations - For Gov., Edward Everett of Boston. For Lt.-Gov., George Hull, of Sandisfield...,” and county Senators, of Cambridge, Groton, South Reading, Hopkinton, and Lexington. Vociferous anti-Van Buren, anti-Democrat commentary in wake of the Panic of ‘37: “...Whenever the government may have fallen into unfaithful or incompetent hands, and the permanence and prosperity of our...long-cherished institutions become endangered by their folly or wickedness...of resorting yearly to the ballot-box...The men who have wielded the power of this nation for the last nine years...are now striving to render their possession of that power perpetual...They have interfered...in freedom of elections...They have uselessly and wantonly increased expenses of the government from 13 millions to nearly 40 millions of dollars...They have sought to create unnatural and impolitic distinctions in the community, by maliciously exciting the envy and jealousy of the laboring classes against their employers....” Refers to administration’s “favorite project of establishing an ‘Independent Treasury’...that will enrich a servile few at expense of the whole body of the people....” Ancient reinforcement at spine with cross-stitched thread. Foxing and toning, some handling evidence, but good. Very scarce. $50-65

17-8. A Whig Campaign Convention – leading to their Bittersweet 1840 Victory.

A cry of the National Republicans - the Whigs - against the corruption of Democrat Van Buren. Pamphlet, “Proceedings of the State Convention of the Whig Young Men of Mass., held at Worcester, Sept. 11, 1839.” Printed by Samuel N. Dickinson, Boston: 1839, 6 x 9 ³/4, 32 pp. Unopened at top. Describing the gathering of nearly 1,000 delegates preparing for the 1840 election. “On that day it is to be decided, whether, after ten years of uncompromising opposition to the party now at the head of this nation, old Massachusetts is to be found...The administration of our National Affairs, since the accession of Mr. Van Buren, has been in no degree less extravagant, to no degree less corrupt...less arbitrary...less oppressive to the country, than it was before...Those personal exhibitions of despotic temper, which were so frequently displayed by the self-willed Chieftain who preceded him [Andrew Jackson]...the country has, it is true, been spared...The spoils of victory have all been seized, the public offices all appropriated...Executive influence, by a systematic and persevering application of all the patronage ...to the single purpose of ‘rewarding its friends and punishing its enemies,’ has at last attained an accumulated force...Mr. Van Buren...far more resembled the Elective Monarchy...than the Republican Chief Magistrate...It is sufficient for his condemnation, that he was an accessory...to the robberies committed on Congress and the People....” Alluding to Van Buren’s “disastrous track of Currency Experiment...We have no fear that the great majority of the People of Mass. can thus be deceived... Nothing (will) daunt them, until the banner of our beloved Union shall have been wrested from the hands which have so long trailed it in the dust, and be once more lifted in triumph to the sky....” The Whigs were victorious in the coming Presidential election – but their candidate, William Henry Harrison – served only one month, succumbing to pneumonia. Cream file toning of first and last leaves and some margins, ink spot on cover, minor edge wear as untrimmed, else internally fresh and fine. RareBookHub finds no copies at auction or in dealers’ catalogues. $65-85

17-9. The Presidential campaign of 1840: “New-York must be redeemed.”

Pro-Van Buren, anti-Harrison newspaper, The Rough-Hewer, “Devoted to the Support of the Democratic Principles of Jefferson,” Albany, N.Y., Oct. 15, 1840 – eighteen days before America would go to the polls. 8 ³/4 x 12 ¹/4, (8) closely-set pp. + 8 pp. “Extra.” Intended to be published for nine months only, til end of Presidential campaign season. On p. 1, “New-York must be redeemed.” “The Great Money Conspiracy between British Whigs in England and America....” Lead editorial “To the Democracy of New-York...Never before have we witnessed the same open and reckless determination to accomplish party ends by a disregard of all the maxims of honesty and fair dealing. The party opposed to you...avow no principles. They ask the people to confide to them the great interests of the country without giving any assurance as to the measures they intend to adopt...a direct insult to the people...and a dishonest attempt to accomplish political objects by deception...Such are the men who are seeking to overthrow the administration of the general government...In this state, this party is in power...passing odious and tyrannical laws, by arbitrary and unjustifiable exertions of authority....” The “Extra” with extensive appeal to avert a globalist takeover of America by “the money power of England...Freemen! Will you consent to the transfer?” Much more. Subscriber’s name “D. Bush / Enfield (Conn.)” boldly penned in margins; numerous marginal arcs where avid reader noted passages of special interest. Old folds, else crisp and very fine. Very scarce, especially with the “Extra.” $55-75

17-10. The Great Issue of the 1844 Presidential Race – Bread.

Obscure but eloquent pro-Henry Clay, anti-James Polk political pamphlet, “Speech of Hon. John M. Clayton, at the Delaware Mass Whig Convention, held at Wilmington, June 15, 1844,” 5 ¹/2 x 8 ³/4, 15 pp. Sold by Albany Evening Journal. Known for his oratory, here Clayton does not disappoint: “...(Of) the many distracting topics which now agitate the public mind, the greatest of all the issues involved in the Presidential Election...is Bread...A vast majority of the freemen of this country are decidedly hostile to the modern Free Trade doctrines... embracing the Whig principles of Protection to Home Labor...The strong evidence of hostility of James K. Polk...to the Protective policy, and other true principles of the Compromise Act....” Lengthy criticism of John Calhoun and “the peculiar disease under which he labored...But Henry Clay has never changed....” Briefly Sec. of State under Presidents Taylor and Fillmore, Clayton came from a political Delaware dynasty. At one point the youngest U.S. Senator, Clayton notably introduced into public discussion “the whole question of nullification,” and separately negotiated the 1850 treaty laying the groundwork for the eventual building of the Panama Canal. Some crinkling of blank lower right tips, pleasing uniform toning, else about fine, and little handled. Once a formidable force in politics, the Whigs faded into obscurity by the 1870s. Very scarce. $40-55

17-11. Perhaps a Sole Survivor.

Elaborately attractive 1847 poster, “Seat of War & Battles,” with multiple insets of scenes and heroes of the Mexican War. Featuring both Gens. Winfield Scott and Zachary Taylor in flattering round starred escutcheons. 23 ¹/4 x 30 ³/4. Hand-colored in dark pink, golden and pale yellows, and grey. Published by Ensign & Thayer, 36 Ann St., N.Y., renowned map and atlas printers, in ever-changing partnerships; also bearing addresses of sellers Rufus Blanchard, Cincinnati; D. Needham, Buffalo; and Jos. Ward, 52 Cornhill St., Boston. With borders enclosing four vivid battle scenes featuring Battles of Monterey and Churubusco, plus “Map of the Seat of War,” view of Vera Cruz taken by the Americans, and two additional portraits of Gens. Santa Anna and Ampudia. At bottom, two different stylings of Miss Columbia, one with scale of justice, other with Liberty cap. Amateur attempt at presentation, judged within last twenty years, mounted on wood panel, various closed marginal tears, 7” vertical tear at 6 o’clock; varying losses along blank left and right margins, with chipping and one very long vertical tear (entirely within the blank area). Use of cream paint to “blend” lost margins. Overall uniform toning to sand color. Overall quite presentable for impactful display, the defects and shortcomings not becoming apparent til examinated at less-than-arm’s length; some non-collector admirers might not find them disqualifying, the scarcity of this poster overriding the issues described. If placed in a suitable frame, the marginal issues would be largely addressed. Noted dealer Dorothy Sloan offered an example in 2013, with “chips, minor losses, and creases,” estimated at 750.00-1500.00. Presently, one is offered by mapsofantiquity.com, “restored, repaired, tears as shown, cleaned, deacidified, rebacked” (and a trifle smaller size, possibly trimmed) at 1800.00. Our estimate an “opportunity.” $550-800

17-12. Scott for President – for “liberation of our happy land.”

Whig campaign newspaper, The Mercury and Spirit of the Times, Groton, Mass., Oct. 30, 1852, 12 x 16 ³/4, 4 pp., unusual calligraphic swirls within main masthead title. “The Whigs are fighting for the man who has been fighting for his country more than forty years....” “National Whig Nomination” ticket printed on p. 2: “For Pres., Gen. Winfield Scott of N.J. For Vice Pres., Wm. A. Graham, of N.C...,” with Gov., Presidential Electors, Congressional, and local candidates. Eloquent obituary for Daniel Webster: “...America has indeed lost her greatest statesman...There is no name since those of Washington and Franklin more indelibly interwrought....” Articles on “Gen. Scott’s Qualifications.” Illustrated ad for “The Great Chinese Remedy - Dr. Conine’s Syrup” with detailed woodcut of braided Chinese applying label to a bottle of the mystery medicine. Some creases, two corners crimped, local foxing, but still satisfactory and moderately attractive. Excessively rare. ChroniclingAmerica.loc.gov locates only one repository (Boston Public Library) with any issues of 1852 or 1853, among them one example of this date. $120-150

17-13. “Americans shall rule America” – Know Nothing Campaign Envelope.

Excessively rare 1856 campaign cover of National American Party - the “Know Nothings.” Detailed deep orange design on clay-yellow, “Fillmore & Donelson / Constitution & Laws,” showing rainbow of stars over Parthenon-style building “Liberty,” patriots below acclaiming upraised flag. In tiny letters, “Put none but Americans on guard.” “Americans shall rule America” partly covered by Scott #10 (imperf), judged deep orange brown, tied by round “Paid” handstamp. Complimentary-purple “Boston Mass. / Sep...” c.d.s. To “Preston M. Fish, Angelica, N.Y.” Modest flap tear, quite worn, edges somewhat frayed, some dust toning, diagonal crease through part of design, but postage stamp with two ample margins and nice, and generally very satisfactory. The combination of colors of the apricot envelope, orange imprint, purplish postmark, and coppery stamp, make it pleasing. Significant political - and philatelic - history. Robert A. Siegel Galleries’ PowerSearch reports no examples, 1930-present. An example, with Scott #11, sold at Christie’s, “Important U.S. Stamps and Covers,” N.Y., Oct. 22, 1996, for 805.00. $450-650

17-14. 1860 Presidential Campaign Cover – Northern Democratic Party.

Split by the issue of slavery, the Democratic Party produced two Presidential candidates in 1860: Desirable 1860 Presidential campaign cover, with candidates of the Northern Democratic Party blind-embossed across flap, “Hon. Stephen A. Douglass of Ill. for President; Hon. H.V. Johnson of Geo. for V. Pres.” (Note the former’s original spelling; he later dropped the second “s.”) On front, “Popular Sovereignty / Non-Intervention for North or South,” blind-embossed in flag-like windblown typestyle, with stars. Used some time after July 1861, evidently by a soldier in need of a precious envelope. Sunset orange. Manuscript “Due 3,” Friendship, N.Y. c.d.s., and two target fancies tying Scott #65, in rose pink family. Addressed to V. Knapp, Wayne Hotel, Steuben County, N.Y. Douglas’ campaign slogan, “Popular Sovereignty,” was a reference to slavery: he maintained that local or popular government - not Washington - should control the issue. Douglas’ position, crystallized in his famous Quincy debate with Lincoln, “Let each State mind its own business and let its neighbors alone!...,” would ultimately hurt him. When the dust settled, he won only 12 electoral votes in the 1860 election, versus Lincoln’s 180. Several light, round outline stains on verso, glaze at two spots at top front, probably from old hinges, light dust toning, else very good. Rare on the market; superior condition to the repaired and incomplete example sold in Siegel Sale 787, April 1997 (albeit with C.S.A. usage). Significant political Americana. $300-375

17-15. 1860 Presidential Campaign Cover – Southern Democratic Party.

Split by the issue of slavery, the Democratic Party produced two Presidential candidates in 1860: Very rare cover, depicting John C. Breckinridge, then Vice Pres., running for President on the Southern Democratic Party’s 1860 ticket. Mailed in the final stretch of the Presidential campaign, his portrait has been defaced by a hostile postmaster, using several impressions of a bar cancel. Despite having saved the U.S. from revolution on Lincoln’s inauguration day, Breckinridge was branded a traitor by the North; he became a Confederate General, serving with distinction. Captioned, “The Constitution and the Equality of the (St)ates – these are Symbols of Everlasting Union. (L)et these be the Rallying cries of the People – Breckinridge.” Black “Albany, N.Y. / Oct 2 1860” c.d.s. Scott #26, medium orange red, right edge imperforate, left perfs with frame of next stamp. With same 7-bar cancel used over Breckinridge’s face. To Dwight B. Bradley, Lee, Mass. Lacking irregular strip at left vertical, front and back, affecting several letters and shoulder (see photograph), neatly backed with matching plain paper, minor edge crimping from postal handling, toning, else fine. In pencil on verso, “Very rare” in old-time dealer’s hand, and lengthy historical description lettered in small, neat hand by 1960s collector. Robert A. Siegel Galleries’ PowerSearch reports only a sole example of this cover (but lacking the postmaster’s editorializing), fetching 525.00 in 2000. Unique thus. $425-550

17-16. A Libertarian’s 1876 Presidential Candidacy.

Unusual, exceedingly rare printed broadsheet, 1876 “Centennial Presidential Campaign Proclamation and Bill of Human Rights,” with the extensive, flowery, and fiery platform of little-known Prof. J.W. Shively of Alexandria, Va., “the Independent Candidate for Pres. of these United States, in this our Centennial Presidential Campaign....” 16 x 23 ¹/4, black on ivory. Probably printed between mid-Apr. and late May. Quoting both the Bible and Constitution, his views varying somewhere between libertarianism and anarchy, he seeks delegates to advance him to the coming National Conventions in Cincinnati and St. Louis, and support his “Bill of Rights for the Brotherhood of the Human Family...to save...the human species from all dissipation, degradations, prostitution, ignorance, poverty, vice and crime, disease...unto all the sovereign people of these United States...Jew and Gentile, Catholic and Protestant, Spirit-Seers, Free-Thinkers, Infidels, Masons, Odd-Fellows, Working Unions, Patrons of Husbandry, and Grangers...my proclamation, my banking system...We hold that all this hue-and-cry about a specie basis...is all a humbug and a swindle...The only way to secure a true principle of finance: Let the government...issue four or five hundred thousand millions of greenbacks, or one, two, or three billion of greenbacks, with the right and power to make and increase it to five or ten billions, if the manufacturing and business transactions of the people should call for so much....” Repeatedly attacking “the bulls and bears of the money rings and money corners, money gamblers and finance smashers” and “bond holders, the revenue thieving whiskey rings, scallawag carpet bag office-holding rings, and sanctimonious hypocritical preachers and editors - like McKee and Beecher” as the cause of America’s ills. Shively had been campaigning since his 1874 address at Philadelphia’s Academy of Music, proclaiming “equal political and civil rights before the law...the right to vote and to be voted for...to hold office...free religion, and free love, and the right to work...to love and make love, and to enjoy that love with any and all persons consenting thereunto, the right to choose their own love-mates....” Shively urges the age of consent be “from 14 to 16.” Calling for “the whole vile, gangrene, filthy thing” to be overturned in the 1876 election, to “purify our temple of liberty...Work and pull all together, and victory is ours.” Old folds, wear at seven central fold junctions, and along three horizontal folds, with some loss of text at five of these locations; some chips in blank edges, else clean and good. In modern black frame, plastic glazing, easily removed for conservation or reframing. References to Shively are scant. WorldCat locates no examples. RareBookHub finds no appearance on the market in 148 years. Perhaps a unique survivor. For the Presidential candidate completist. $425-550

17-17. “A People’s Democratic Party and a People’s government” – 1884.

Prospectus of newspaper The New York Star, 1884, soliciting new subscribers in the heat of the Presidential campaign. 3 pp., 8 x 10 ¹/2, with miniature but readable facsimile of their front page of Aug. 10. “The People’s Paper...the Best Exponent of Progressive Democracy. During the Presidential Campaign of 1884, will represent in the broadest...sense the interests of the Democratic masses...If the Democratic party is ever to win in a national contest, it must elevate the standard of principle...No monopolist...should sit in the chair of Washington and Jefferson...Check the destructive and demoralizing influence in politics of monopolies, corporations, rings, syndicates, and lobbies...Abolition of convict contract labor in every State...The fullest return to the workman for his toil...Public lands should be preserved as the heritage of the American people and their children...Protection of American citizens abroad...Federation of labor...the sinew and strength of our great republic...the surest safeguard against legislative and official corruption....” Their Democratic candidate, Grover Cleveland, came under the floodlight for having fathered a child out of wedlock; the woman, Maria Halpin, claimed that she had been kidnapped eight years before, then abducted once again during the 1884 campaign, and spirited to Cleveland’s gubernatorial lair in Albany. (Several years later, Cleveland accepted responsibility for the child without admitting paternity.) Break but no separation at horizontal mailing fold, creases, some edge tears, handling wear, but still satisfactory and rare ephemera of 1884’s race. Cleveland became the only President to serve nonconsecutive terms. $50-65

17-18. A Useful Reference Work on American Politics.

Dictionary of American Politics, “comprising accounts of Political Parties, Measures & Men, & Explanations of the Constitution...Political Phrases, Familiar Names of Persons & Places, Noteworthy Savings...,” by Everit Brown and Albert Strauss, pub. by A.L. Burt, N.Y.: 1892 (evidently 2nd ed.). 5 x 7 ¹/4, 596 pp., scarlet linen. Minor lightening of top of spine, horizontal puckering of cloth, ordinary tip wear, else internally fine and clean. Fascinating reading, a sort of 19th century book of political and historical trivia, and worthwhile reference. $45-65

17-19. The Garfield Gun Club – of Chicago.

Large leaf from 1893 scrapbook, with three interesting mounted photographs of gathered members of Garfield Gun Club, named for the late Pres. Two 4 x 7, one 4 ¹/4 x 7 ¹/2. Each with two “Garfield Gun Club” signs displayed in front of group of about 22 to 32 men and boys, plus several women and one little girl, variously seated and standing on grass, beside their wooden lean-to. Most of males holding guns, a variety of long rifles, double-barreled shotguns - and a triple-barreled held by a boy of about 7 years of age! Two images deep sepia, with rich tones and good contrast; one image lighter coffee-and-cream, some handling toning, but still yielding detail under magnification. On verso, printed halftone photos of five named officers of the Garfield Gun Club, and dense paragraph of text from American Field magazine on farewell party of the Club for member relocating to Dubuque, Iowa. Leaf with marginal browning, only slightly affecting photos, leaf lacking blank lower right corner, few tears, else good plus. Modern research includes mention in Sporting Life of Club’s victory in target shooting competition. $65-90 (3 mounted photos)

17-20. When Suffragettes threatened Arson.

Magazine, The Suffragette, “Official Organ of Women’s Social & Political Union,” England (but possibly printed in Scotland to evade a government crackdown on their movement), Feb. 13, 1914, 10 x 14 ¹/2, (24) pp., on heavy groundwood. Page-1 drawing of a woman, presumed a suffragette, about to be struck with truncheon in a jail cell, as “Lord Bishop” stands by with a paint brush dipped in whitewash. Two years earlier, the then-publisher and founder of the organization announced plans to include arson in the militant strategies of the suffragette movement. Suppressed by the government, the magazine’s printer was arrested in 1913; the matchbook-wielding editor soon fled to France. By Aug. 1914, the Union agreed to support the war effort; in return, the government released all suffragettes from prison. Finally, in 1918, Britain granted the right to vote to all men and women over the age of 30. Light uniform toning, else very good. No copies found on Abebooks or Vialibri, not surprising as official suppression by 1914 had nearly halved the magazine’s circulation, to about 10,000. RareBookHub finds only a poster of the Women’s Social & Political Union (Swann, $2760, in 2005), and a run of 98 issues (Bonhams, £10,837, in 2022); also identified, with no details, is a run (Sothebys, 1975), and a group of 7 issues (Bonhams, 2008). Rare on the market. $80-110

17-21. Socialism and Marxism come to America.

Provocative mini-collection of 7 items, including the movement in the U.S. and Europe: Thick “Socialist Congressional Campaign Book - 1914 - Compiled by Information Dept. of The Socialist Party,” Pub. by The Socialist Party, 803 W. Madison St., Chicago. Union bug on cover and title page. 4 ¹/2 x 9, 334 pp. including index and appendix, black on red paper cover, black on pulp text. Table of contents detailing the closely-set, ambitious plans within, including Socialist platform, “Capitalist Parties - Futility of their Remedies,” “Democratic Party and the High Cost of Living,” Progressive and Prohibition Parties, “America ruled by a handful of men,” child labor, organized labor, causes of poverty, overcrowding, “political corruption - the invisible government... underfed school children...white slave traffic...suppression of freedom of speech...the cost of a battleship...Socialism the way out...What Socialists have done in municipalities....” More than a casually assembled campaign piece, the massive verbiage and added statistics suggest this book took years to hone and funding to print, and show the century-plus-long effort to become part of the American political picture. Cover corners and first few leaves with pocket wear, internally browned as expected, but very good. Very scarce.

• Marxism and “the test of Science,” in pamphlet biography of Karl Marx, published 1918 on centennial of his birth, by National Executive Committee, Socialist Labor Party, N.Y., 4 ³/4 x 6 ¹/4, (32) pp., cover title deeply steel-engraved in gold on mocha card cover, black on ivory text, some edges deckled. Name Eric von Hass neatly penned on cover, judged in an adult hand, but perhaps the copy given to then-13-year-old, future four-time Socialist Labor Party candidate for President. Poetic tribute on frontispiece to Marx, “Man of the People.” Essays on Marx by comrades: “...the giant intellectual figure of Karl Marx...clear as a bell, the scientific note of Marxism. The Labor Movement...is not...as recent in America as it would seem.” Asserts that Communism reared its head here as early as the Mexican War and Gold Rush. “The breath of Collectivism was breathed into the land...The appearance of Marxism in America denoted a ripening of social conditions away from...the ‘Revolutionary Fathers’...Sociologic theories are...amenable to a touchstone that is the test of Science....” At rear, facsimile of a Marx letter. Hammer and sickle on rear flyleaf. Fragment at blank bottom of back cover lacking, some fingerprinting on cover title (perhaps by the young future Presidential candidate?), else good plus. Unexpectedly, some of the keywords are still in use in current media.

• Novel, Britomart The Socialist, by Florence Roney Weir, Scroll Publishing, Chicago: 1901. 5 x 7, 269 pp., black on scarlet cover art of a stylishly dressed women - seemingly startled by a shadow lurking behind her. “...I am already an old maid, and all my life I have heard nothing but hard times...They are just on the point of getting better when along comes a presidential election year and knocks everything in the head again....” Her piano playing and intrigue with a handsome young music teacher paint the backdrop to this brush with socialism, American-style. Some waterstain-lightening of cover, two inner hinges exposed, uniform toning of groundwood text, else good. Period pencil notation of reader from the author’s birthplace, Waupus, Wis. A Christian Scientist and proponent of suffrage, the author’s short stories appeared in McClure’s, Munsey’s, Youth’s Companion, and other magazines. Rare.

• Influential book: Woman Under Socialism, translated from the German of August Bebel, by Daniel De Leon, N.Y. Labor News Co.: 1904. 5 ¹/2 x 8, 371 pp. + (10) pp. “Conclusion.” Pictorial cloth, black and crimson on evergreen buckram, avant garde cover art and typography, gilt title and Socialist logo on spine. First published in Europe a quarter-century before, this 1904 printing predates the earliest English edition mentioned in an online essay--“Towards Emancipation? Women in Modern European History - A Digital Exhibition & Encyclopedia.” Author Bebel was a dyed-in-the-wool Marxist, becoming a popular organizer of rallies and protests. The present book was written while imprisoned for four years for insulting the monarch and distributing leaflets during Germany’s ban of socialist groups. His demands for the right of women to dress freely (among other things) were thought outlandish by some - but upon German surrender in 1918 and creation of the Weimar Republic, its women gained suffrage. Unwittingly, this book became a cog in the wheel of history, leading to National Socialism – the Nazis. Old Los Angeles bookshop’s stamp and blind-embossing on title page; few neat notes in pencil by avid reader Walter Swanson, 1922; average shelf wear, else internally fine and clean.

• American Syndicalism - The I.W.W., by John Graham Brooks, Macmillan Co., N.Y.: 1913, 5 x 7 ¹/4, 264 pp. + 7 pp. publisher’s advertisements for their other books on socialism and “the world wide revolutionary movement,” index, bright gilt title on maroon grosgrain buckram. A noted sociologist, Brooks “rejected the doctrine of socialism, instead advocating for regulation of predatory monopolies and...social reform legislation to ameliorate the most glaring problems suffered by the working class...”--wikipedia. His writings were considered must-reading by American intellectuals. Trivial tip taps, else an as-new copy, evidently satisfying the original owner’s desire to decorate his bookshelf - but not to read. • Syndicalism in France, scholarly monograph on its labor movement and development of socialism, by Louis Levine, Ph.D., “Studies in History, Economics and Public Law,” ed. by Political Science faculty, Columbia University, N.Y.: 1914. 5 ³/4 x 8 ¹/2, 229 pp., gilt title on burgundy sailcloth. Average shelf wear, internally fresh and very fine.

• Syndicalism and Philosophical Realism...Contemporary Social Tendencies, J.W. Scott, London, 1919. 5 ¹/4 x 8 ³/4, 215 pp., paper spine label on green grosgrain buckram. An incisive demolition of socialism, defining it as “the conviction that...one class should seize its portion of a good which is unshareable...It can only smash through...the failure of the socialistic idea to prove its fitness for political power...”--pp. 80-81. Toned strips on blank inside front and rear endpapers, probably where clippings once resided, else very fine. $140-190 (7 pcs.)

17-22. F.D.R.’s First-Term Opponent.

Superb signed photograph of N.Y. Gov. Alfred E. Smith, c. 1928, a handsome formal portrait judged sent during his Presidential campaign to political friends and donors, in this instance in the Taunton, Mass. area. Sepia, 9 ¹/2 x 13. Signed in Waterman blue on tan border and ecru panel. In period beveled brown-wood frame under glass, 10 ³/4 x 14 overall, with label of “H.L. Davis Co., Artistic Picture Framing, 16-18 Trescott St., Taunton...,” judged of the period based on typography. The first Catholic nominee for President, paving the way for J.F.K. Earlier the Sheriff of New York County (i.e. Manhattan) during the era of the Black Hand, four-time Gov. of N.Y., and following his defeat by Roosevelt, Smith became Pres. of the Empire State Building’s holding corporation. Long the world’s tallest building, during his management it was dubbed the “Empty State Building,” its acreage of new offices lacking tenants in the Depression. Glass awaiting cleaning, some tears in blank ebony-brown backing, else photo appears very fine. Lovely for display. $110-140

17-23. Oversize Reagan Campaign Poster – by Designer of the Republican Elephant Logo.

Reagan campaign poster, possibly a trial layout by the R.N.C. Red and blue, with prancing elephant wearing GOP blanket in black and solid grey, on cream white. Original folds, about 37 x 49. Signed within plate by artist (William “Big Daddy”) Fleishell (Jr.), designer in 1970 of the current Republican elephant logo, still in use today. “Allied Union Trades Council” union bug, “Washington / (19?)72.” A noted graphic artist and art director, Fleishell “grew up in an extended family of printers on (Capitol) Hill,” for thirty years the Art Director for Republican National Committee, beginning 1959. “...His graphic designs were used for the Freedom Train in 1976; his cartoons published in Time, and his designs and cartoons are in at least four Presidential libraries and Smithsonian...”--obituary in Washington Times, Sept. 8, 2010. Some toning, mousetrapping where folded by bindery, star tear at one fold junction, pinholes from display, several short edge tears, but still good plus and clean. Possibly produced as an early layout, likely prepared from old-fashioned mechanical color separations. Reagan was then serving as Gov. of Calif., but his national newspaper column widened his public conspicuity. In all events a very scarce ephemeral poster, and significant political history. The GOP had used an elephant in its campaigns since the previous century, but like Coca-Cola’s version of Santa Claus becoming the modern iconic representation, so did Fleishell’s Republican elephant became part of American culture. $110-150

18-1. Ten-Time French Ace of World War I.

T.L.S. of T. Dagnann, World War I French flyer, cited ten times; commander of Legion of Honor; Special Medal of French Aero Club for his war service. Laborde (France), Oct. 3, 1934, 8 x 11 ³/4. To noted autograph collector (and World War I veteran) Rev. Cornelius Greenway. In French. Concerning photograph for Greenway’s “memorial,” and sending thanks for his sincere sentiments. Pencil remarks by Greenway, as usual. Light handling, uniform toning, else fine and rare. $50-75

18-2. The Hope of World War I France.

T.L.S. of P(aul) Pau, celebrated French World War I General recalled from retirement at age 66 when war broke out in 1914. Facing possibility of defeat in under two months, his men were broken up and sent to fight in the “Miracle of the Marne.” On steel-engraved lettersheet as Pres. of French Red Cross, red cross insignia. Paris, Oct. 22, 1930, 5 ¹/4 x 8 ¹/2. To Rev. Cornelius Greenway. In English. “...I am happy to let you know that I sent it (the photograph) in a little parcel...It will be for me a precious thought to know you will place it in such a glorious neighborhood. Of course you will have nothing to pay for the photo...But I will be much grateful for your good intention of making a donation to the French Red Cross. It will be greatly appreciated, coming from a friend of France, who has been wounded at our side....” Two blocks of tan toning, probably from filing in proximity to a darker item, else fine and attractive. $70-100

18-3. Alluding to “the horror” of British Colonialism in Obama’s Ancestral Homeland.

Unusual A.L.S. of Adm. F(rancis) W. Kennedy, commander of H.M.S. Indomitable in Battle of Jutland, bombarding the Dardanelles and sinking the German battle cruiser Blucher. Kennedy’s ship towed home the damaged H.M.S. Lion. On steel-engraved stationery “Royal Naval Club, Portsmouth,” Sept. 10, (19)36, 5 ¹/4 x 6 ³/4, 3 pp. To Greenway. “...I have only been photographed in working uniform, or what we call Monkey Jacket. Never was I taken in a Full Dress Uniform. No, it is not true I was wounded in the Great War - but in Africa, in I think 1895 or 1896 - where I was one of those employed taking charge of parts of [East] Africa - not by Peaceful Penetration - but just about in the same way the Italians have been civilizing Abyssinia - to the horror of some of our English & other people...I know a good deal of our past methods & laugh at my English friends &c. for their peculiar ways...Your Countrymen, aye & women too, have always been my friends, whenever I’ve met them. I’ve only been lucky enough to actually visit the USA - in Oregon - years ago.” Very fine. • With envelope in his hand. Pencil notes in Greenway’s hand, “A most unusual letter admitting English land grabbing by one of her foremost World War Admirals....” Kennedy’s reference is certainly to British East Africa, later renamed Kenya Protectorate, the roots of Pres. Obama’s family. Stamp removed. • Obituary from a N.Y. newspaper, 1939. $100-130 (3 pcs.)

18-4. Commander of the Grand Fleet Battlecruiser “Indomitable.”

A.L.S. of British Adm. Sir Michael Hodges, Chelsea, London, July 20, 1937, 5 ¹/4 x 7, 2 pp. Signed twice, once at conclusion, and with rank across top. To Greenway. Serving in the Boer War, Hodges was Naval Attaché in Paris at outbreak of World War I. He commanded the famed Grand Fleet flagship battlecruisers H.M.S. Indomitable and Renown; postwar Commander-in-Chief of Atlantic Fleet. Awarded Companion of Order of the Rising Sun by Japan in 1917. “I was going through a lot of old papers the other day & to my shame, amongst them, I found your letter of about a year ago, which asked for my photograph. I am so very sorry that I should have overlooked & forgotten like this but I hope you may still like to have the photograph...You appear to have got together a wonderful collection & I shall be proud to think that mine is included.” Most of Greenway’s signed photographs were separated from the accompanying letters by Parke-Bernet, the Madison Avenue predecessor of Sothebys, for their unforgettable Greenway sales of 1970-71. Minor toning at upper right, blind clip depression, else very fine. With biographical entry from a period directory clipped by Greenway. $70-90 (2 pcs.)

18-5. George Patton’s Tank Instructor in World War I.

A.L.S. of World War I French Gen. Koechlin-Schwartz, Gen. George Patton’s tank instructor and old friend, his advice sought by Patton in World War II. On pictorial letterhead of Friends of Saint-Hélène, Vannes, Frances, Aug. 25, 1932, 8 ¹/4 x 10 ³/4. To Rev. Greenway. In English. On request for a signed photo for Greenway’s Allied Memorial Building. “...Being now at my country place, and having here no photo at hand, I am obliged to ask you for some delay...I would never have thought of asking for the payment of any expense, but...as the secretary of the Society, I cannot refuse. Allow me to send you a tract showing what we intend to do....” Light wear, else fine. • With 8 pp. printed booklet on the Society’s plan to conserve the tomb of Napoleon, in French. • Envelope in Koechlin-Schwartz’s hand, stamps removed (by Greenway), else good. In his memoir War As I Knew It, Patton described Koechlin-Schwartz as “my old friend...In World War I he was one of the leading instructors at the Army General Staff School at Langres. We had a very pleasant evening talking over old times and he said, among other things, that had he thought, much less taught, at Langres what I had been doing, he would have been put in the madhouse. He also stated that when he heard an armored division was heading for Brest, he knew I was in command....” Koechlin-Schwartz is also mentioned in Ladislas Farago’s book on which the movie Patton was based, and is a member of the elite club of foreign officers given a U.S. military award. Fascinating linkage of three of military history’s titans, Napoleon, Koechlin-Schwartz, and Patton. Modern copies accompany. $110-140 (3 pcs.)

18-6. Sir John at the Showdown at Suez.

A.L.S. of (Admiral Sir) John Kelly, WW I British Capt. of warships H.M.S. Dublin, Devonshire, and Weymouth, ranging from the Dardanelles to the Arctic, and the Princess Royal; postwar Commander-in-Chief of Atlantic Fleet. Here writing on his letterhead as “Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleet,” steel-engraved red and black standard. “C/o G.P.O., London,” Aug. 29, (19)32, 5 ¹/2 x 7 ¹/4, 1 p., concluding on verso. To prolific collector Rev. Cornelius Greenway. “...Sending you the reproduction of a drawing by Muirhead Bone for which I was unconsciously the model [not present]....” Fold at upper left, else V.G. • Printed slip enclosed by Kelly, with his service record, annotated in pencil by Greenway. • Envelope in Kelly’s hand, sound postage stamp. Toning from newspaper clipping. • Lengthy obituary from N.Y. Times, 1936. “Naval Hero...Began Career at 13 - His Record was Brilliant - Won Honors in World War...In 1927, when London forced a showdown in the Egyptian crisis, the battleship Barham, flying Sir John’s flag as vice admiral, was sent to Alexandria....” $90-120 (4 pcs.)

18-7. The “Lame Lion of Africa.”

T.L.S. of (Gen. Henri) Gouraud, charismatic commander of French forces at Dardanelles, 1915, where he lost an arm; later a key figure in the Middle East’s politically formative - and fateful - years, as High Commissioner in Syria and Lebanon. On letterhead, “Le Général Gouraud...Gouverneur Militaire de Paris,” Hotel des Invalides, Aug. 20, 1929, 8 ¹/4 x 10 ¹/2. To Greenway. In French, referring to his visit to America, particularly Baltimore, Boston, and Cleveland, and a new church in Bois Belleau built through generosity of the American 26th Infantry Div. Lengthy pencil remarks of Greenway in margin, “He is the famous French General known as the ‘Lame Lion of Africa’...and had under him 2 Am(erican) Divisions....” In 1898, Gouraud’s capture of a resistance leader in French Sudan “marked the end of the last large state opposing French colonialism in the West,” and made him a celebrated figure in France’s highest political circles--Slavery and Colonial Rule in French West Africa, Klein, 1998. After World War I “he presided over the creation of the French Mandates in Syria and Lebanon...Gouroud became the...effective head of the colonial government there.”--wikipedia. Few creases at right margin, uniform light toning, else about fine. Very scarce. $90-120

18-8. A Young Hitler in the Sea of Soldiers.

A.N.S. of World War I French full General de L’Espée, commander of 9th Cavalry Div. at first Battle of Ypres, one of the war’s main clashes. The Battle’s nightmarish events - Germans singing songs of recognition in the mist, as casualties mounted to six figures - were notable for another reason: one of the young soldiers there was Adolf Hitler. Froville (France), Aug. 20, (19)28, 5 ¹/4 x 8 ¹/4. In purple ink, on grey stationery. In English. “I send you these two little war-photographs [not present], with my thanks for your French remembrance.” Greenway’s characteristic pencil identification beneath signature. Very fine. $55-75

18-9. The Martyred Nurse of World War I.

Dramatic mourning postcard with unusual portrait of the martyred nurse of World War I, Edith Cavell, rendered in jet black and white on fabric, possibly a very fine chenille. Brass-leaf border. Blind-embossed picture-frame effect. 3 ¹/2 x 5 ¹/2. Her dog beside her. Postally used (but in an envelope, not present), France, Mar. 25, (19)18. From soldier Fred, to “Dear Mother, I have just been posted to a battery this morning along with another signaller...having gone through the course with him at Witley. We expect to go to the guns tonight. Today is your birthday. I have been thinking of you. I bought this postcard in a small French town....” One dime-sized medium-tan spot in margin, minor handling, but very good plus. Strikingly attractive, and rare thus. $35-55

18-10. The Interlude: The beginnings of “a union of nations...” – Inscribed by the Author.

Book, League of Nations - Its Principles Examined, by Theodore Marburg, an original formulator of the League, at a dinner given by him attended by former Pres. Taft and Harvard Pres. Lowell. Macmillan, N.Y.: 1918. Vol. II only, but a freestanding book, the first volume written at time of inauguration of the Versailles Council in Nov. 1917. 4 x 6 ¹/2, 137 pp. + publisher’s advertisements “on kindred subjects,” black on cocoa paper over boards, black on cream text. Author’s presentation copy “For Li, who has established himself in the affection of Theodore Marburg.” The guns of August not yet silenced, the author eloquently writes that the American flag “lit the torch of liberty in France...Freedom is sweeping victorious around the globe...If the high hope of our President [Wilson] is fulfilled, that flag will have new meaning. Just as the stars and stripes in it originally symbolized the union of free States in America, so now they may come to symbolize the beginnings of a union of nations...The project of a league of nations is a radical one...a complete departure from old practices. It means a surrender of license...to make war at will...It implies surrender of a measure of sovereignty...It diminishes the chances of successful aggression...By the middle of the last century the new generation was ignorant of war’s horror and insisted on knowing about it first-hand. It chose stupidly to learn its terrible lesson by experience instead of from the page of history....” Indeed, the author had warned, “The tragedy we are now witnessing holds within it the seeds of untold future disaster for all of us...”--p. 19. Asserting that the League of Nations will eclipse the prewar American Peace Congress and American League to Enforce Peace, the new effort persisted, at least on paper and in the form of an office in Washington, til the 1930s. The last embers of Marburg’s dream vanished on Sept. 1, 1939. Lacking d.j., blank lower right front tip dented, else excellent. Inscribed copies are rare. $90-120

18-11. America’s Secret Weapon: The School for War, 1942.

Highly interesting panoramic class photo of 85 adult students at “Command and General Staff School - Second Civilian Orientation Course - Oct.-Nov. 1942, Ft. Leavenworth, Kansas,” visible photo 6 ¹/4 x 21 ¹/4, in period cream mat 11 x 23 ¹/2. Second window below with printed key to names; some are in their 30s, but many appear as old as 40 to 60. All in suits, many dapper. Olive sepia, with very good sharpness, but mat water-damaged, especially at right, but the photo affected only in 1 ¹/2” vertical band, with the rightmost person named in caption but their likeness blistered (perhaps partly recoverable with image enhancement software). Right portion of separate printed strip puckered beneath mat at right, but complete. In all, a rare survivor, the mat fair, but photograph itself largely in very good condition. The modern work America’s School for War: Fort Leavenworth, Officer Education, and Victory in World War II, by Peter J. Schifferle, notes: “The adage that armies prepare to fight the last war implies that they are therefore not prepared to fight the next one. (The author) argues that the U.S. Army did exactly that in the interwar years, but in this case the doctrine and officers trained to implement it led to victory in World War II....” The author focuses on the critical role of a handful of Leavenworth-trained commanders and staff officers. “The focus was on handling division and corps formations, something that could only be learned in the school as experience in the small peacetime army was largely limited to battalion-size units...No leisurely ‘gentleman’s course,’ the Command and General Staff School was demanding. Doctrine taught was derived from the World War I experience. Operations against a ‘stabilized front’ (trench warfare) would be followed by mobile ‘open warfare.’ Success would be possible only through the combined effort of all arms and by achieving fire superiority...”--book review in Journal of American History, Mar. 2011; photocopy accompanies. The school had been established by William T. Sherman in 1881; through several name changes, it continues to this day as the Army Command and General Staff College. Its thousands of distinguished graduates have included Gen. Creighton Abrams, Hap Arnold, Omar Bradley, Mark W. Clark, Dwight Eisenhower, James Gavin, Douglas MacArthur, George Marshall, George Patton, Matthew Ridgway, Carl Spaatz, Maxwell Taylor, Jonathan Wainwright, and many more. Undoubtedly working closely with the top commanders in the War, the secrets of the men in this photograph remain to be revealed. $70-100

18-12. Indian Troops in England – awaiting D-Day Orders?

Intriguing - and possibly fateful - mimeographed military “Instructions to N.C.Os. in charge of mess tables,” providing orders on maintaining control, and stowing sea kit bags. 6 ¹/4 x 7 ³/4, n.d., but perhaps late instructions for Indian troops under British command, in staging for D-Day in the southern counties of England, leading up to June 5 and 6, 1944. Printed under adversity, on verso of half of an older British military form (based upon “M&C Ltd...” in printer’s code), dated 10/(19)39, revised 3/(19)40, “Berth 101, Southhampton.” “You are appointed to take charge of, for the duration of the voyage, the Mess Table for which you are receiving a Mess Roll...Immediately upon arrival in the Mess Section you will lead your men to the table allotted, and see that they are seated, placing yourself at the head...Thereafter you will order the Men to stow their Sea Bag Kits in the overhead racks...Under no circumstances may webbing equipment, topees, rifles, or clothing be hung from hammock hooks or left lying about...There will be a final inspection after all troops have embarked...and that when the Inspecting Party proceeds through the section complete silence is maintained.” Topee is “in India, a hat or cap, especially a pith sun helmet”--Webster’s New World Dictionary.

From an 8-pp. illustrated article, “American Occupied England – Life in the D-Day Staging Zone,” by Andrew Knighton (copy accompanies): “By the time the D-Day Invasion was launched in June 1944, the south of England had spent months filled with soldiers preparing for war. The arrival of hundreds of thousands of Americans and Canadians...was a strange period, both exciting and unsettling. Over the winter of 1943-44, troops assembled along the British south coast...an international force drawn from a dozen countries, ranging from entire British armies down to a single Luxembourgian artillery unit...Some, the Canadians in particular, had been there waiting for years...Populations of entire villages were turfed out to create training areas, the inhabitants losing their family homes forever. Inside their camps, over two million soldiers waited...Soldiers practiced house-to-house combat through requisitioned homes. On the coast, they experienced the reality of traveling by landing craft, including dismounting into the water and making their way to shore, sometimes under fire...The brash confidence of the Americans created constant tension with the more understated Brits. [On the morning of June 6] civilians on the coast woke to find formerly crowded harbors empty...”--warhistoryonline.com....

Pocket folds, wear and wrinkles, but satisfactory. Highly ephemeral. Modern research accompanies, though the full story awaits rediscovery. $90-130

18-13. Hitler Takes a Tumble.

Russian aerial propaganda sheet dropped on Nazi soldiers. Large drawing of Hitler being thrown down stairs by Mother Deutschland, as statues of Bismarck, Goethe, Schiller, Kant, and Moltke look on. In Russian and German, on peach, 6 ¹/4 x 8 ¹/2. On verso, “Deutschland, Erwache!” (Germany, Wake up!), disparaging Führer, and urging a German awakening. At bottom, text of surrender pass with hammer and sickle, offering safe conduct and good treatment. V.F. Scarce. $65-80

18-14. Flag Evidently from the Battleship Indiana.

War-date signal flag, approx. 25 ¹/2 x 37, indicated by provenance to be from U.S.S. Indiana. Three-piece construction. Two horizontal yellow stripes flanking a central red stripe, representing the number “2” for signaling purposes. Hoist employs an extra strip of white canvas, sewn around a rope at one end, bearing maker’s marking “SET 6...MI 45.” Flag long housed in period cardboard box stamped “Indianapolis, Ind.” on lid, bearing “Official Business...Navy Dept.” address sticker, sent to Prof. R.W. Snider, a widely-published scientist and mathematician at the Naval Research Laboratory and Theoretical Chemistry Institute, University of Wisconsin, among other affiliations. • Together with letter to Snider, from F. Kent Loomis on “Department of Chief of Naval Operations” letterhead, Washington, D.C., Aug. 10, 1962, stating that enclosed prints and brochures of the U.S.S. Indiana had previously been sent to Snider. While this flag’s attribution cannot be absolutely authenticated, the credibility of the Chief of Naval Operations and Prof. Snider give strong support; a 1938 graduate of Ohio State, he might have served aboard the Indiana. The ship was one of four South Dakota-Class fast battleships built in the 1930s. Her first combat came in late 1942, supporting Marines at Guadalcanal. Over the next three years, she provided gunfire support for amphibious assaults across the Pacific, and anti-aircraft defense for the fast carrier task force. She shelled Japanese positions during the Battles of Tarawa in Nov. 1943, and Kwajalein in Feb. 1944. The ship also participated in the Mariana and Palau Islands campaign, bombarding Saipan, helping defend the fleet during Battle of the Philippine Sea, and was present for the crucial fight for Iwo Jima and Okinawa. Understandable wear from sun, sea, and combat; wrinkles (possibly reducible with gentle pressing), else sound, and a compelling relic and conversation piece. Request color photos including closeup of markings. $130-170 (flag in box with Navy Dept. markings, and Chief of Naval Operations letter)

19-1. An Important Puritan Minister’s Prayers upon his Confinement: ”my Isle of Prisonm(en)t may bee as his Palaces....”

Prohibitively rare, lengthy A.L.S. signed with initials, of distinguished colonial clergyman Rev. Joshua Moodey, penned from “ye Prison,” (on Great Island, off Portsmouth, N.H. coast), Jan. 27, 1684, 2 full pp., octavo, during his 13-week imprisonment for refusing to conduct Anglican rites in his Congregational church. The largest and most important church in the Colony of N.H., in further punishment it was effectively shut down by the Royal Governor. To unnamed “Reverend and Doctor,” claimed by author of nineteenth-century Moodey family history to be Rev. Samuel Phillips of Rowley, Mass., a powerful minister active 1651-1696 (and possibly Moodey’s cousin). (Original spelling of “Moodey” is usually modernized to “Moody.”)

“In the maintenance of the principles of religious liberty, [Moodey] suffered a long imprisonment, and was afterwards exiled by arbitrary power.”--Salem Witchcraft..., Charles W. Upham, 1867, Part 3, p. 310. Graduating from Harvard in 1653, he “very early began to preach,” joining the Congregational church in Cambridge, then in Portsmouth. Moodey “labored relentlessly throughout his pastorate to sustain Puritan culture in Portsmouth...Moodey’s name echoes throughout the early N.H. provincial records as a trusted friend and advisor to Portsmouth’s most prosperous merchants and slave owners...Cotton Mather said Moodey saved Portsmouth’s life...”--“Slavery in New Hampshire: Profitable godliness to racial consciousness,” thesis by Jody Fernald, University of N.H Scholars’ Repository, 2007, pp. 24-27. At the first meeting of the first Pres. of New Hampshire’s general assembly in 1680, the prayer and sermon were delivered by Moodey.

The religious climate in New Hampshire became tempestuous with the arrival of new Royal Gov. Edward Cranfield, “best remembered for his confrontation with Moodey and the Puritan settlers over religious practices. Puritan preachers...maintained an authoritative position in N.H. and were not about to allow Anglican compromise of their cultural dominance...”--Fernald, p. 41. Gov. Cranfield of the Province “suspected that the general influence of Mr. Mood(e)y was the chief obstacle for the accomplishment of his own plans of self-aggrandizement. He accordingly determined to drive Mr. Mood(e)y out of town by a series of persecutions, which culminated in 1684 in getting him into prison, by the perjury of a witness...”--History of Bath and Environs, Sagadahoc, Maine, 1607-1894, Parke McCobb Reed, 1894. In Feb. 1683, four justices had “signed the commitment of Rev. Moody, pastor of the church in Portsmouth, for six months [imprisonment – without bail] for refusing to administer the sacrament in accordance with the laws of Great Britain.”--Stearns’ Genealogical History of New Hampshire, Vol. I, p. 325. [Cranfield claimed that Moodey had not conducted his services according to the English Prayer Book. Ministers were required to admit anyone “of suitable years” to the Lord’s Supper. Cranfield announced that he and several others would be present the following Sunday to partake. His demand was not met, for which Moodey was indicted and imprisoned. Cranfield “also refused to let any other minister, even if one might be found who was willing to buckle under and conform, to preach in Moodey’s place, effectively shutting down the largest and most important church in the New Hampshire colony.”--Scholarly paper on this offered document, by colonial historian Lori Rogers-Stokes; copy gladly furnished.]

Complete text follows. Our colonial scholar’s transcription preserves all charming period conventions, together with her fascinating extended report, gladly furnished. A mostly-matching transcript previously appeared in Biographical Sketches of the Moody Family, by Charles Cotesworth Pinckney Moody, 1847.

Page 1 of 2 (line breaks match illustration on page 103):

From ye Prison 27.1.1684

Revrd. & Dr

Sr./

Your large epistle worthy to bee in print as ye 2d Book of Samuel

came to hand lately, unto which the hast of ye Bearer will not

allow mee to give a large answer, nor will my Abilities enable mee

if I had never so much Time to give a full & suitable one. Corto’

coelius’ non possum par pari referre. Your Sentences, Proverbs,

Apothegnis, Verses prose so pertinently & warmly applied yt they

went from to my very heart, & I beleeve they came from yours.

Blessed be God for yor Sympathy with mee, your Counselling of

mee, yor Cordialls too, words fitly spoken, There wanted nothing

to make your work complead Save Corrections & Reproofs, wch

tho I am not without in my self, yet possibly it might have some

further Influence if others (especiall yorself whom I so highly

honor & love) should apply them. Oh why doe yu not tell mee of

my barrennes, lazines, formality in Religion, neglect of pr[e]tious

opportunities, that now put into my hand, wh I did not so use as

I might, oh this not doing every thing ye hand finds to doe wch

yt might, why doe yu not chide mee for all ye levity & vanity

yu have observed in my words & Conversation unbecoming my

profession & function, cum mullis alys &c Oh that I could

now call to remembrce all of that nature yt God is reckoning

with mee now for. Alas how much better might I have done!

been more Instant in season out of season! [tear] [how] little have

I believed & lived ye Gospell I have preached, other things,

Impertinencies & Vanities how much of my pretious Time have

they run away with, & yet to ys day not cured. Oh pray for

mee yt I may feel even this yt I now write to purpose, yt

God would throly humble, pardon, sanctify & comfort mee. Who

shall deliver mee from this Body of Death? Blessed be God

for Jesus xt

l have recd from mr Danforth an acco. yt you have been

spoken to or written to by ye Elders to come over & help us a

while. I would strongly urge ye motion wch might be of singular

Advantage, I hope one of yor Sermons now would doe more

good than many of mine, & or Necessity cries aloud. Wee

have been thinking of getting a Minister for ye Point, but

yesterday I sent for Mr Mason & he came to mee to thee

Prison & I have obtained of him that a Minister may bee

allowed to come from abroad & preach in my Meetinghouse

sometimes as we may bee able to get a friend to help us,

Page 2 of 2 (illustration of this page online or by e-mail):

which wee prefer far before preaching at the Point, the latter

being only on a supposeall of ye Non-allowance of ye Former, but I

have gotten liberty from Mr Mason who presides here in ye Governrs Ab-

sense (who is gone to N York) so yt there is no Danger of your

coming & preaching (no my dear, Affectionate Aunt need not bee

afraid) I have sent to Mr Dummer & hope he wil be sent this Lords-

Day, however shall expect you the next & when you come prpare

to tarry two Sabbath daies at least my cousen will not be unwilling

considering ye Necessity) Oh consider yt my poor flock have fasted

40 Daies & must needs bee hungred, Have pitty upon them,

have pitty upon them oh yu my Friend &c And when yu have

taken yor Turn wee shall hope for some other. besides that you

wee may further treat you about Kittery Business when you are

here upon a Visit. Let this God work for ye House of God bee

done for by yu yt yu may bee some bld of God for good according

to all yt yu have done for his house, & yt at such a Time when

it was so laid wast: You will thereby not only visit mee in

prison but feed a great multitude of ye hungry & thirsty little ones

of christ which wilbee accounted for at that Day. But why

doe I plead, mee thinks I hear you whispering in mine eare,

(stop, cousen, Stop, I am more ready to grant than yu to ask, & wherever yu ask 2 I intend 3 or

4 daies) Yea & if you should furnish 5 or 6 Times ye more work ye

more wages. ?Pray come soon enough in ye Week to give notice to ye people

I doe also in behalf of my dear & tender wife thank yu for yr

leter wch shee will also acknowledge when shee sees yu

Now pray for mee yt I may have an humble heart & yt my whole

soul, body & Spirit may bee sanctified & kept blameles to that day

That my Isle of Prisonmt may bee as to his Palaces a place wherein

I may bee in ye Spirit not only on ye Lords Daies, but every day,

yt I may so demean myself as yt Gods Glory, the Gospell furtherance

& my own edification & Salvn may bee ye Fruit of my Confinement

And ye Good Lord bee with you & all yours, my aunt & all my Cousens

(unto whom I beg a Pticular & respectfull remembrce) & with all

ye ministers in this wildernes yt they may work strenuously and

sincerely while the day lasts, that no such night may come upon

them or theyr churches as has befallen us, & if ye cup must goe

around yt every one may bee prepared to take it out of a Fathers hands.

Yors more than ever JM

“...[Moodey’s] regard for the purity and reputation of his church having brought upon him the enmity of Gov. Cranfield, he was imprisoned, but was shortly released [after some 13 weeks] upon condition that he would preach no more in New Hampshire. On May 23, 1684, he became assistant minister of the First Church, Boston...,” remaining there til 1693--Appleton’s Cyclopædia.

Such was British rejection of Moodey and Increase Mather, that the duo became known as “the high priests of the disloyal faction...the promoters of these disorders”--Calendar of State Papers - Colonial, America and West Indies; Vol. 12, 1685-1688..., published by H.M.S.O., London, 1899. Perhaps to spite these sentiments, some five months after the present letter, Moodey was elected Pres. of Harvard College but declined.

Though his life had already been filled with high drama, his imprisonment and exile would not be Moodey’s only clash with history and power. As early as 1688 - considerably predating the firestorm of the witchcraft delusion in New England - Moodey wrote to Increase Mather, forseeing “We have a very strange thing among us, which we know not what to make of, except it be witchcraft...We cannot but think the Devil has a hand in it...”--Salem Witch Trials, Documentary Archive and Transcription Project, case file 22, staging.salem.lib.virginia.edu.

Moodey again took a boldly contrarian position when the Boston and Salem witch trial fever began. As the hysteria intensified in Mar. 1692, following Tituba’s confession as a witch, Elizabeth Proctor and several others were accused. The following month, her husband John was also accused - as a wizard - together with the ill-fated Giles Corey. On July 23, 1692, a modern source notes, “Fearing that they can’t get a fair trial in Salem Village, John Proctor and others write a letter while jailed, to the Revs. Increase Mather...Joshua Moody, and Samuel Willard...which asks them to support a change of venue for their trials.”--bloodlinesofsalem.info, and salemwitchtrials.com/timeline.html. Intriguingly, three of the Witch Trial judges, Sargent, Sewall, and Winthrop, were members of Willard’s Old South Church.

John Proctor was the first male accused as a Salem witch; his wife and children were also named. A poignant account of the Proctor family’s travails appeared in a period source: “...John Proctor and his Wife being in Prison, the Sheriff came to his House and seized all the Goods, Provisions, and Cattle that he could come at, and sold some of the Cattle at half price, and killed others, and put them up for the West-Indies; threw out the Beer out of a Barrel, and carried away the Barrel; emptied a Pot of Broath, and took away the Pot, and left nothing in the House for the support of the Children: No part of the said Goods are known to be returned. Procter earnestly requested Mr. Noyes to pray with and for him, but it was wholly denied, because he would not own himself to be a Witch...”--More Wonders Of The Invisible World, Robert Calef, 1700, reprinted in Narratives of the New England Witchcraft Cases, ed. by George Lincoln Burr, 1914, pp. 361-362.

The prisoners’ letter to Moodey et al changed the course of the Salem witch trials - but not soon enough for John Proctor. On Aug. 1, Moodey, Mather, and six other ministers met at Cambridge; emerging from their meeting, “they had drastically changed their position on spectral evidence. The ministers decided in the meeting that the Devil could take on the form of innocent people. Unfortunately for Proctor, their decision would not have widespread impact until after his execution...”--Salem Trials Project, law.umkc.edu/faculty.

“(Moodey) opposed the unjust and violent measures toward the imagined offenders, and aided Philip English and his wife to escape from prison...”--Appleton’s. Another source wrote, “...A minister named Joshua Moody persuaded [Mary and Philip English] to flee. He arranged for a carriage to take them to N.Y., where they could wait out the witchcraft hysteria. Mary and Philip English reluctantly took his advice, and left their children save for one daughter behind with friends.”--“Dirty Laundry and a Friend Save Philip English from the Salem (Witch Trials),” newenglandhistoricalsociety.com. “...[Moodey’s] manly resistance to the witchcraft delusion drew upon him. It was chiefly by his moral courage that a gentleman and his wife, who had been lodged in jail in Boston [the jail in Salem being full], were saved from the cruel doom which the laws awarded to persons suspected of witchcraft...”--History of Bath and Environs. Whether in retribution or not, Moodey’s wife, Ann, was also accused of witchcraft.--A Storm of Witchcraft: The Salem Trials and the American Experience, Emerson Baker, 2014, p. 138.

The witchcraft madness heightened further: On Aug. 2, 1692, as John and Elizabeth Proctor’s trial began, an accuser testified that he had seen the spectre of Philip English - the now-fugitive from Salem justice - whose escape had been aided by Moodey. The accuser further stated that his son complained of a pain in his side - and later died. On Aug. 5, the Proctors and four other accused witches were sentenced to be hung. And two weeks later, John was hung on Gallows Hill, but execution of his also-guilty wife postponed because of her pregnancy. “...It is well known that Rev. Joshua Moody... stood almost alone in opposing this pernicious delusion, and was the means of saving the lives of some persons of eminence, accused of Witchcraft.”--masland.org, citing an earlier source.

Elizabeth and John Proctor were revived in Arthur Miller’s award-winning play and film The Crucible. (In fact, John was the protagonist in the classic production.)

Moodey was a friend of Cotton Mather, whose “report on the trials is the last important exposition of witchcraft that was written while the superstition remained generally unquestioned. Mather described the trials objectively, but from the viewpoint of a firm believer in witches (--Streeter). More than 100 suspected witches were arrested, and 19 were hanged. Mather’s account, written in the summer of 1692 while the trials were still being held, includes detailed descriptions of the cases and the surrounding events. By the Fall the witch hunt had subsided, and [Cotton’s father] Increase Mather led the backlash against the prosecutors.”--Credit: 19th Century Shop. Ultimately, all of the accused witches and wizards were officially proclaimed innocent – in 2001.

In 1697, Cotton Mather, perhaps the foremost divine in New England, would preach the funeral sermon of his friend - and fellow defender of accused witches - Joshua Moodey. The long line of Moodey ministers extended to evangelist Dwight L. Moody; he was also an ancestor of Ralph Waldo Emerson.

Research to date has only identified several earlier imprisonments for exercising freedom of religion in America. Those found comprise: Obadiah Holmes, a Baptist proselytizer, imprisoned for weeks in Boston, 1651, receiving “thirty lashes with a three-corded whip”; and “several” unnamed Quaker missionaries in Mass.: “A 1645 Massachusetts law had specifically banned Baptists from the colony, calling them ‘the incendiaries of commonwealths’ and ‘the troublers of churches in all places.’ Quakers sometimes endured even rougher treatment than that faced by Baptists. Massachusetts expelled several Quaker missionaries in the late 1650s, warning them not to come back. Three did return, and Massachusetts executed them by hanging.”--“When America Put Pastors in Prison - The Baptist Battle for Religious Liberty,” Prof. Thomas S. Kidd, Baylor University. Critically, none of these earlier prisoners were degreed or ordained clergy, making Rev. Moodey perhaps the first such minister, whose name is known, to be imprisoned for exercising freedom of religion in America. It is important to note that a clergyman - or even a member of the flock - crossing swords with the Church of England in America was not merely attracting disfavor and persecution, but the penalty of death. Had Moodey’s confrontation taken place during the period of the Witch Trials, his punishment might have been even more severe than imprisonment. Surprisingly, it would not be til James Madison’s “free exercise of religion” protection in the First Amendment that persecution of out-of-favor clergy would begin to subside. The theme of religious freedom was conspicuously promoted by Washington in his Presidential proclamations. Moodey’s suffering a century before was certainly known to many Americans. [See following lot for an important newspaper printing of one of Washington’s most celebrated statements on religious freedom.]

Any Moodey autographic material is of daunting rarity, both on the market and institutionally. The “greatest part” of Moodey’s library of “rare and valuable books” was sold at auction – in 1718. RareBookHub records only an A.L.S. on verso of sermon notes, with charming but unimportant content, sending “a small roll of sugar” (ex-major autograph collection of Theodore Sedgwick, III, died 1859, sold by his granddaughter Mrs. Arthur Swann, Anderson Galleries, 1926; her husband was a foremost manuscript expert, dealer, and collector, and one of the four founders of Parke-Bernet.) Massachusetts Historical Society holds a pamphlet bearing Moodey’s signature and “the 93rd volume of his manuscript sermons.” American Antiquarian Society houses two Moodey letters and an earlier volume of his sermon notes. A manuscript sermon book “supposed” to be in Moodey’s hand resides in the Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. Collection at Library of Congress. And, a 1680 codicil signed by John Cutt, first Pres. of N.H., witnessed by Moodey, was recently offered by important dealer The Raab Collection, at 9000.00. Raab’s overview is notable, terming his offering “an extraordinary rarity: a 17th century document signed by a major figure of New England; the first we’ve obtained in 30 years. It is hard to express the extraordinary rarity of this document. When we started in this field in the mid-1980s, you would, every now and then, come across a 17th century document signed by a major figure of New England in that era...But such gems of the earliest years of America have just disappeared from the market....”

The presently offered Moodey letter is unique to the genre - a letter from “ye Prison,” filled with both anguish and faith, while confined on a cold island for having refused to practice the rites of another faith. It is perhaps the earliest surviving artifact of imprisonment of a named clergyman in America.

Ex-Raphael Gould, colorful N.Y. bookseller, with his carbon copy offering this letter to director Jed Harris of The Crucible, just-opened on Broadway, 1953, and lead actor Arthur Kennedy, playing protagonist John Proctor. Acquired by consignor mid-1970s, never offered since, now fresh to the market after about half a century.

Three edges deckled. Considerable ancient waterstaining, imparting toast-tan to mocha toning and some softened focus; internal fragment lacking, affecting several letters on four lines on each side; some edge wear, and delicate, but still very satisfactory. A dramatic, heartrending, core artifact of religion in America, showing the enduring power of faith. Some three centuries on, Moodey’s letter still inspires, his faith outweighing his fear in prison. Like John Proctor and his strong character in The Crucible (played by George C. Scott in one adaptation), Moodey refused to sacrifice his beliefs. Of the utmost rarity and interest, and dramatic for display. The proximity of Moodey’s religious persecution and the “dark and mysterious season” of the Witch Trials offers potential for an extended article or book. Request complete transcription, with period stylings retained, and fascinating report with much additional exposition, by colonial scholar Lori Rogers-Stokes (no charge). High resolution images online or by e-mail. $22,000-32,000

19-2. Gazette of the United States.

June 19, 1790. No. 124. Small folio, 4 pp. A lovely example of the extremely scarce, semi-official New York newspaper with full texts of the famous letter written to George Washington by the Mickve Israel Congregation of Savannah, and Washington’s stirring reply.

Washington’s correspondent was Levi Sheftall, first president of the noted synagogue, and the first Jew to seek and receive an official statement of religious toleration from the first President of the United States.

The Hebrews’ letter is believed to have been written around May 1790, and delivered to Washington on June 14, by Georgia Congressman James Jackson. Sheftall wrote:

“Sir, We have long been anxious of congratulating you on your appointment by unanimous approbation to the Presidential dignity of this country, and of testifying our unbounded confidence in your integrity and unblemished virtue. Yet, however exalted the station you now fill, it is still not equal to the merit of your heroic services through an arduous and dangerous conflict, which has embosomed you in the hearts of her citizens.

“Your unexampled liberality and extensive philanthropy have dispelled that cloud of bigotry and superstition, which has long, as a veil, shaded religion - unrivetted the letters of enthusiasm - enfranchised us with all the privileges and immunities of free citizens, and initiated us into the grand mass of legislative mechanism. By example you have taught us to endure the ravages of war with manly fortitude, and to enjoy the blessings of peace with reverence to the Deity, and benignity and love to our fellow-creatures.”

Washington’s “Answer” to the Hebrews was written promptly, making it into this June 19 issue. Because Washington composed his reply in New York - and dispatched it from New York - it is logical that a New York newspaper was first to print it. The Gazette... was the semi-official newspaper of the day, located within walking distance of the executive mansion on Cherry Street.

Washington’s eloquent words were printed beneath Sheftall’s letter; both messages are on page 2:

“I thank you with great sincerity for your congratulations on my appointment to the office which I have the honour to hold by the unanimous choice of my fellow-citizens, and especially for the expressions which you are pleased to use in testifying the confidence that is reposed in me by your congregation.

“I rejoice that a spirit of liberality and philanthropy is more prevalent than it formerly was among the enlightened nations on the earth, and that your brethren will benefit thereby in proportion as it shall become more extensive; happily the people of the United States have in many instances exhibited examples worthy of imitation, the salutary influence of which will doubtless extend much farther if gratefully enjoying those blessings of peace which (under the favor of heaven) have been attained by fortitude in war, they shall conduct themselves with reverence to the Deity and charity toward their fellow-creatures.

“May the same wonder-working Deity, who long since delivered the Hebrews from their Egyptian oppressors, planted them in a promised land, whose providential agency has lately been conspicuous in establishing these United States as an independent nation, still continue to water them with the dews of heaven and make the inhabitants of every denomination participate in the temporal and spiritual blessings of that people, whose God is Jehovah!”

See The Papers of George Washington, Presidential Series, Vol. 5, Jan. 16-June 30, 1790, pp. 448-450.

The issue also contains news of Rhode Island’s ratification of the Constitution.

CONTEXT: The Sheftalls were among the most notable families in the Savannah Jewish community, consisting largely of Sephardic Jews from Britain, and were in fact among its founding members. Levi’s half-brother, Col. Mordecai Sheftall, was the highest ranking Jew in the Continental Army.

Mordecai had been captured alongside Rev. Moses Allen, near Savannah, 1778. Both were persecuted by the British for their religious faiths, and were taken aboard the prison ship Nancy. Allen drowned trying to escape, but Sheftall had offered to pay the ship’s captain to let him bury the pastor; the captain denied this request.--Credit: jpost.com/diaspora/george-washingtons-first-letter-to-a-us-jewish-community-to-be-auctioned-666398

“The congregation’s letter to Washington may have been related to their efforts to obtain a charter of incorporation. In Dec. 1789 the Georgia legislature passed an act authorizing the governor to grant charters to religious societies, enabling them to hold property and assume other corporate privileges. The leaders of Mickve Israel applied for incorporation under this act in Aug. 1790, and were granted a charter by Georgia Gov. Edward Telfair on Nov. 30, 1790. (Marcus, American Jewry, 172-75).”--Credit: Sotheby’s.

The significance of Washington’s pronouncement was sustained by Maryland Gov. Worthington, when he employed it in support of the Jew Bill in 1824, conferring upon that state’s Jews the full political rights heretofore denied them.

INSTITUTIONAL CENSUS: The Library of Congress’ Chronicling America shows 13 explicitly “original” copies of this issue in institutions; some additional holdings are “unspecified” with respect to microfilm or original, and most “newspaper projects” do not actually possess original newspapers. This approximate figure makes the issue offered here fractionally rarer, in institutional holdings, than some newspapers with the Declaration of Independence.

Careful parsing of the RareBookHub census (as at April 2024) indicates that the number of actual issues, after allowing for later re-emergence of example(s) previously sold, could be as few as four.

A later, July 1, 1790 printing of the same Sheftall-Washington letters, in the Worcester Gazette, sold at Sothebys, 2014, for $68,750. Though described as “one of the earliest printings of the correspondence between Washington and American Jewry,” it was well after this Gazette of the U.S. printing on June 19, 1790. As in most things antiquarian, the earlier printing of important text bears a higher value.

The Gazette of the United States was arguably the most significant political newspaper of the late eighteenth century. Public printings of early Acts of Congress, Presidential Proclamations, and official correspondence often appeared first in the Gazette. This issue mentioned in Encyclopædia Judaica, first ed., 1971-72, Vol. 16; and From the Ends of the Earth: Judaic Treasures of the Library of Congress, Karp, Rizzoli, 1991, a lavish book published to accompany a traveling exhibition which opened at the Library of Congress, and also included maps used by Columbus, letters of Jewish interest of Washington and Lincoln, and Einstein manuscripts.

CONDITION: Front page left and right margins parallel to edges, while masthead and bottom copy are slightly rotated. These newspapers were produced under primitive conditions, and much of the production was guided by the operator’s eye. Paper was too valuable to waste, so if an impression was swung, it was usually still dispatched to the subscriber or news agent (or retained in the printer’s archive of all jobs produced). To the modern-day eye, it adds a bit of charm.

     Occasional ink gall spots. Trivial evidence of removal from bound volume (probably by noted pioneer newspaper collector and dealer Walter Dougherty not later than 1972), lacking tip at bottom of pp. 3-4, not affecting text. else in lovely, fresh condition.

Off the market for some 52 years. Perhaps the finest example in private hands. $19,000-27,000

19-3. Religion in the New America: “Alas! nations, like silly individuals, are often intent on shew and pleasure....”

The Massachusetts Gazette, Boston, Sept. 14, 1787 - three days before the Constitutional Convention completed its Herculean task. 10 x 15 ¹/4, 4 pp. Lengthy front-page “Essay on the Means of promoting Federal Sentiments in the United States,” continued from preceding issue. “Unbelief of a future state is often the offspring of immorality...The corruption, that like a gangrene so rapidly dissolved the Roman republick, grew from that Epicurean doctrine dressed up...in all the beauties of poetry...Horace, who certainly was no bigot, laments the neglect of publick worship...The instruction of the lower class has been extremely neglected, til the frequency and enormity of crimes has at last forced a thoughtless government into expedients which might easily have been adopted long ago...But alas! nations, like silly individuals, are often intent on shew and pleasure...Irreligion is peculiarly baneful to republicks...it weakens or annihilates the sacredness of oaths...and may, especially in juries and elections, be considered as the bulwark of the constitution...I hope magistrates will not tender an oath...for a pound of sugar, and a quart of rum...Contempt for religion is by no means general in America; the great mass of people has rather a spirit of devotion...many learn absolutely nothing, others acquire absurd and dangerous ideas in religion...Such, says an American, is my veneration for every religion...I had rather see the opinions of Confucius or Mahomed inculcated upon our youth, than see them grow up wholly devoid of a system of religious principles...Without this generous association of religious professions...the scattered settlements will become very savage.” Inside, “A few sketches of Lady Americana,” a florid tribute to the new nation, with woodcut of eagle clutching arrows.

From Baltimore, over one column pleading for the Federal (Constitutional) Convention to nurture American manufacturing: “At the commencement of the arduous contest for our liberty and independence, we were excessive(ly) busy in framing resolutions for the establishing and promoting manufactures...and the newspapers rung with the exploits of our females. Long before the termination of the war, these resolutions vanished like the morning dew...Reduced to poverty, the consequences of folly stare us in the face...Great things are expected from the Federal Convention...They may...inform us of the real situation of the American States...and conduct our governments in future, on the most economical republican principles...Resolves on paper, on the best draughted schemes of legislation will be altogether ineffectual unless we ourselves put our hands to the plough...to practice the homely but necessary virtues of industry and frugality...We may see a small diminutive territory, by the ingenuity and industry of its inhabitants, become more valuable...than wide extended kingdoms....”

Full-column letter of Cassius on the deceit of American politicians: “When the myrmidons of Britain first crossed the Atlantick to invade the rights of freemen...different parties arose in the United States...The greatest party was composed of those who meant to risk their lives and fortunes in support of the rights of human nature...[The politicians] set their herd of dupes and tools to work... spread sentiments of disloyalty...in hopes, perhaps, of stirring up another commotion....” Charming p. 1 ad for “Warranted Green Windsor Chairs,” with large woodcut of two styles. Period inscription at top, “Mr. Joseph Storer,” presumed in another hand. Old small red dot beside article on Convention, old kraft filing strips affixed to left margins, all of preceding possibly removable; intriguing inland deckling effect at one corner of second leaf, a seldom-seen occurrence in primitive eighteenth-century papermaking; minor stains, else very good. Rare. $160-200

20-1. Circa 18th Century Dutch Kosher Seal.

Fascinating artifact, lead, 16 mm, with “Kosher” (in Hebrew); large stylized “N“ on reverse. Believed probably used for wine or cheese (but not for meat). Single-piece stamping, disc at each end, then folded for attachment, tab-style. A bit off-center, but nice, with loop intact. Charcoal-grey toning, else about fine. Ex-William Rosenblum, noted Judaica specialist. See photograph p. 61. $45-65

20-2. Capturing the Lost World of New York City Jewry.

Iconic steelplate etching of a New York family’s Passover Seder, signed by noted artist and printmaker Philip Reisman (1904-1992). The scene likely from his brief etching period, 1927-1931, during which he constructed an etching press from an old colander machine, purchased second-hand. Signed in light pencil on lower mount. In his trademark Social Realist style, which focused on New York City life in the prewar years, and biblical subjects of the Old Testament. Plate size 4 ⁷/8 x 7 ³/4, overall 7 ¹/4 x 10. In very light pencil, “/75” in lower left margin just beneath plate, presumably the edition. Inscription “To Pete” and “Cornwall, N.Y.” in pencil, one or both possibly in artist’s hand. Evocative perspective, the family’s elder standing, the four seated attendees variously absorbed in their Haggadahs, their thoughts - and their chatter with a seat-mate just out of the image. Coming to New York from Warsaw at age 4, the scene depicted is certainly from his own memory. There had been substantial outpourings of Jews from Poland in the period of about 1908-1920, in the wake of pogroms, and then World War I. Two large roundish glue stains in blank upper left and right margins, silver- and half-dollar-sized, just covered by modern flapped white mat, tipped with white linen tape, else pleasing rich cream toning, and very good. On verso, “SAG 1992-62.” Portion of prior brown mat affixed to verso of modern mat, “Collection (of) Helen Farr Sloan,” a reasonably well-known artist (1911-2005); with marking “AKG / Dec. 1976.” Reisman’s obituary notes, “...His depictions of everyday life capture a visual history of New York because they reflect the raw and powerful activity of the day...Reisman began painting in 1929. His work is represented in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in Manhattan, (and others)....” “Philip Reisman Day” was actually officially proclaimed during his three-month exhibition at Museum of the City of New York. Reisman’s drawings are seen in Collier’s, Life, and Fortune magazines, 1933-1940; in 1944 he created the superb art for The Illustrated Modern Library’s translated edition of Dostoyevsky’s Crime and Punishment. In 1982, the artist was elected an Academician at National Academy of Design. Subject of a 1986 biography, Philip Reisman: People are his Passion, by Martin Bush, Wichita State University Press, containing over 125 illustrations of his drawings and canvases. In 1992, a catalogue raisonne of his prints was published. An example of this Passover etching (without under-mat stains) recently offered on 1stDibs.com at 800.00. Scarce. Request image with mat lifted. $275-400

20-3. Oversize Hebrew Dictionary with Latin Text – from Martin Luther’s City, which Reinvigorated Reading the Old Testament in Hebrew.

Thick folio volume, titled in both Hebrew and Latin, Sefer ha shorashim; hoc est, Liber radicum Sev / Lexicon Ebraicum...Omnium Vocabulorum Biblico..., (A Book of Roots, or a Hebrew Lexicon), by Johanne Avenario, a then-seminal work on Hebrew word formation, with thousands of Hebrew marginalia (some in larger size, making many spreads attractive for display), and lengthy Latin text, with occasional Greek or German. Printed by “heirs of Johannes Crato” (Iohannis Cratonis, i.e. Johann Krafft), Wittenberg, 1589. It was here that Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses to a church door, and where Luther’s life’s work was done. (His home in Wittenberg survives.) The ensuing Reformation, and advent of “new learning” in Europe, sparked renewed interest in Hebrew, and in studying and reading the Old Testament in the original Hebrew. First published 1568. [16] + 860 + [4] pp., last leaf blank; some printer’s pagination errors in this massive tome (listed below, and mentioned in bibliographic references), and about 16 leaves unaccounted for, most or all following p. 833. Appealing cream vellum, probably original, deeply blind-stamped front and back with ornate 7”-high Baroque crest, perhaps identifiable with research. (The compiler cultivated wealthy patrons and nobility, in part because of the ambitious scope of his books like this. It is possible that this particular volume was purchased by such a patron.) Several ornate woodcuts, including final printed leaf with large illustration titled “Psalm 25,” and repeating the Cratonis imprint and date. “The author’s approach is idiosyncratic, and ‘proceeds on the principle that the Hebrew, being the primitive language, from which all others have been derived, may be explained by the aid of the Greek, Latin, German, [and] English’ (Jenks). ‘Hoefer notes that the work was highly praised by the celebrated classical scholar Isaac Casaubon, who also took a great interest in Hebraic studies. The Protestant theologian and Hebraist Johann Habermann (Avenarius; 1516-1590) was professor of theology at Jena, and archbishop of Zeitz...”--details credit: Eric Chaim Kline - Bookseller, Santa Monica. Varied owner’s markings on inside front endpaper, 17th to mid-20th centuries; intriguing miniscule notation on a rear endleaf in Hebrew and Latin.

Printing errors incurred by the sheer enormity of the volume: pp. 123-131 misnumbered 223-231; 172 misnumbered 174 (hence two different page 174s); two facing pages both numbered 323; page 318 skipped; 426 misnumbered 434, 598 misnumbered 558, 805 misnumbered 806, 810 misnumbered 801, and probably some other misnumberings. Lacking pp. 833-844, 847-854, 858-859. Spine darkened, front joint cracked but holding, some binding shelf wear, front endpaper lifting with some edge tears, title leaf shaken, text with warm cinnamon marginal toning; some sections with light to moderate foxing, others with none, and internally fairly fresh and about fine to very fine. Adams A-2306. Hoefer 3:826. Jenks, Supplement to the Comprehensive Commentary on the Holy Bible (1838). Steinschneider, Bibliographisches Handbuch 150. VD16 H51. Zaunmüller 178. Not in Vancil (Cordell Collection). Ex-Paul Hammer Library of early printed Hebraica and Judaica, Swann Galleries, 1998; their catalogue and lot ticket accompany. $650-950 (Volume, lacking about 16 leaves)

20-4. Significant Confederate Judaica.

Unusual form of Confederate document: two-sheet, partly-printed “Tax on Naval Stores, Wines, &c., and Agricultural Products,” Richmond, Sept. 11, 1863, each sheet 9 ³/4 x 12 ¹/2. Signed twice by Confederate Assessor W.E. Johnson, and twice by Sol(omo)n A. Myers, Jewish merchant whose backmark appears on repoussé buttons made during the Civil War. Myers declaring “Bank notes or other currency on deposit, Value $16,595.” Taxed 1%, in this effort to raise funds “for the common defence and carry on the government of the Confederate States....” Also answers whether subject to taxation as “pawnbrokers...keepers of hotels, inns, taverns and eating houses...circuses, jugglers, bowling alleys, billiard tables...apothecaries, photographers, lawyers, physicians, surgeons and dentists...and confectioners.” With spaces to declare amounts of “Credits within Confederate States, Credits beyond limits of Confederate States, Money deposited beyond limits...,” and attesting that he has listed all “naval stores, salt, wine, spiritous liquors, manufactured and unmanufactured tobacco, cotton, wool, flour, sugar, molasses, syrup, rice....” One of Myers’ buttons shows the Seal of Virginia, with Virtus slaying the tyrant (Albert VA22). His mark also appears on elegant antebellum coin-silver cups, now quite rare. In 1866, Solomon Myers was one of the nine incorporators of Virginia Savings Bank. The Myers family was influential, Gustavus Myers (1801-69) “the most prominent Jew of the city in his day, serving on the City Council for 30 years, 12 of which as its president...”--jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Unusually fresh, notwithstanding high groundwood content of adversity paper, trivial edge toning, else very fine. Rare type: this “List [i.e. Form] No. 1” imprint unrecorded in Parrish & Willingham’s standard reference work, Confederate Imprints: A Bibliography of Southern Publications from Secession to Surrender.... Briefly mentioned in The Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, 1906, but WorldCat today locates only one example (Boston Athenæum). Lacking in Duke University’s celebrated 2,300-plus-item collection of Confederate imprints. Myers’ autograph excessively rare, each of his signatures here in rich brown ink, with paraph. Suitable for display. $350-450 (2 sheets, each signed by Myers)

20-5. Mormon Rumors of the Black Jews of Malabar.

Pamphlet-style Mormon magazine, “The Latter-Day Saints’ Millennial Star,” Sept. 16, 1878, 5 ¹/2 x 9, (16) pp., “Price One Penny.” Published in Liverpool and London. Front-page article, “Are We of Israel?”: “Having traced the ten tribes to Media, the next question is, what has become of them, for they are not to be found in that land to-day...Jewish features have been traced in the Afghan tribes; rumors are heard occasionally of Jewish colonies in China, Thibet and Hindostan, whilst the Black Jews, of Malabar, claim affinity with Israel....” Also, “Marriage with Unbelievers”: “The Chicago Jewish Advance greatly deplores the increase of marriages between Jews and Christians...The Advance maintains that the usual result of the union of Jews with Christians is disastrous to Judaism, the former generally embracing the religion of the latter...‘In the rays of the sun of freedom the wandering Jew loosens the Jewish cloak into which he had wrapped himself so closely while the storms of former ages were raging around him, and with unconcern throws it aside. It would be criminal neglect were we to take no notice of these disintegrating forces working with modern Israel, and threatening its dissolution’....” Much more on this and other subjects, including: “Science manages to get us into a terrible muddle...”; Mormon conference in Glasgow; letters on life in Bear Lake and Logan, Utah; and progress in construction of Salt Lake City Temple. Outside pages soiled, else about fine and internally clean. $55-75

20-6. Stories of the Jews – in a Shaker Magazine.

Shaker monthly, The Manifesto, June, 1884, 5 ¹/2 x 8 ³/4, (24) pp. “What is True Religion?...True heart religion energizes the soul...Genuine religion cannot find full expression in words, but will manifest itself at all times and in all places in the minutest deeds of life....” “A story is told by Rabbi G. at a recent meeting in N.Y.C., of a man in Bagdad who was attacked by another, who, when his assailant ran away, instead of pursuing him turned and ran in the opposite direction....” “Solomon’s Temple - For Juvenile Bible Scholars - ...As the Jews became established they made for themselves permanent dwellings...Jesus went to the passover of the Jews....” Ad of Fowler & Wells for Phrenological Journal, the latest issue including articles on “Girl Idleness” and Mormons. Disbound, light uniform toning, else fine. The Shakers survived until the 1930s. $50-70

20-7. “Palestine through the Stereoscope.”

Group of 25 sepia stereoviews (incomplete set), c. 1896-1904, from Underwood & Underwood series ”Palestine through the Stereoscope.” Thick gray mounts, 3 ¹/2 x 7.

Comprising: No. 9) Tower of David – from outside City Wall • 11) Jerusalem “the city of Zion,” southwest from northern Wall • 12) Jerusalem & Mount of Olives, east from Latin Hospice • 13) Cattle Market Day, in Lower Pool of Gihon, Valley of Hinnom, Jerusalem • 14) Valley of Kedron & Village of Siloam • 15) Pool of Siloam, outside of Jerusalem • 16) Tombs of the Prophets in King’s Dale, Valley of Kedron, Jerusalem • 17) Garden of Gethsemane & Mount of Olives, from eastern wall, Jerusalem • 18) Jerusalem, City of the Great King, from Mount of Olives • 19) Christian Street, Jerusalem • 20) Church of Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem • 21) Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem • 22) Easter Procession of Greek Patriarch, entering Church of Holy Sepulchre • 23) Pilgrims on Via Dolorosa • 25) The Jews’ Wailing Place, Outer Wall of Solomon’s Temple • 26) “The New Calvary,” outside Damascus Gate, Jerusalem • 27) “Tomb of our Lord, New Calvary,” outside Jerusalem • 28) A Tomb with Stone rolled away • 29) Damascus Gate • 30) “Dome of the Rock,” where Temple Altar stood, Mt. Moriah • 31) The Sacred Rock, where Temple Altar stood, Mt. Moriah • 32) Pulpit of Omar, Mosque El-Aksa, Jerusalem • 33) Lower Road to Bethany, southeast from Jerusalem • 34) “Unclean! Unclean! ” Wretched Lepers outside Jerusalem • and, 35) Ancient olive trees, Garden of Gethsemane.

Minor edge wear; all with usual slight concavity; two have a partial vertical crack at center, else good to very good, clear and crisp. Each numbered, with printed caption. Most versos have title in multiple languages, some with lengthy descriptions excerpted from book that originally accompanied the set, and few versos blank. Once a form of popular entertainment, Underwood lasted til the 1940s; the Viewmaster of the 1960s was one of its successors. Evocatively depicting landscapes, biblical, and historical sites in the Holy Land, mostly in and around Jerusalem, much as it looked in the eyes of grandparents and great-grandparents who visited there. Now uncommon. Only two singles appear on abebooks, at 29.00 and 89.00 each. $175-275 (25 pcs.)

20-8. A Pioneer Zionist mentions Womens’ Rights – and Conan Doyle.

A.L.S. of I(srael) Zangwill, important member of early Zionist movement; his impassioned writings helped set the world mood for emergence of modern-day Israel. English Jewish playwright (Children of the Ghetto, Dreams of the Ghetto, and other works), friend of Herzl. Sussex (England), Feb. 25, (18)98, 3 full pp., 4 ¹/2 x 7, on his red-engraved stationery, “The Hurst....” To Major Pond, the celebrated lecture manager, 218 Fourth Ave. - in the heart of Manhattan’s old Book Row. Pond was also manager for Samuel Clemens, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Henry M. Stanley, and numerous other luminaries. Significant literary content:

“All your letters are very kind...I have no doubt that this season, following the publication of my book in March, would be the best. But the question of my power of going through with the work is all important. It is not only the travelling, it is the exhausting effect of each lecture upon my physical self. I do not know even whether the lectures I have been giving in Europe (& Asia) - ‘The Ghetto’ or ‘The Drama as an Artistic Product’ - would do, or would be enough, and I am ignorant also how long the audience expects a lecture to last. These last 1 ¹/2 hours or longer. Then again the sum made by Anthony Hope for 65 appearances does not seem a very high return, & his experience seems to agree with Conan Doyle’s that one can make as much at home in the time, whether by lecturing or writing...What is the longest time you can give me to give you a final ‘yes’ or ‘no’?...And as to our argument about terms, would you be willing to compromise by giving me better ones after a certain number of lectures & a proved success...I understood from Max O’Rell [pseudonym of Paul Blouet] that you worked at 15%, & you do not allow for the fact that if I merely appeared in America, I should get many Jewish invitations myself. I have been making my appearance in a new role down here - speaking on Womens’ Rights. My friends played a joke on me & placarded me to appear, so I had to - with great success, the local paper says. There seems to be an outbreak of my ‘poetry’ in your magazines & I am amused to find the Century for March booming over here some verses I wrote when a boy....” With envelope addressed in Zangwill’s hand, three intact British postage stamps. Envelope somewhat soiled, letter very fine. A superb letter from this period of social and literary abundance, linking Zionism, womens’ rights, and Conan Doyle! $275-425

20-9. Invitation to Dine with Zangwill and Mrs. Guggenheim.

A.L.S. of I(srael) Zangwill, 12 W. 54 St., N.Y., Jan. 16, (18)98, 1 p., 4 ¹/2 x 7, to his lecture manager Major Pond. “...I am to be seen here any time, & Mrs. Guggenheim requests me to say that if you & Mrs. Pond care to come & dine informally with us on Thursday evening next at 6:30, she will be very pleased.” The word “Book” curiously hand-stamped in mirror-image at upper left, believed applied by Pond as a filing notation. Very fine. $90-120

20-10. Pre-Supreme Court, Louis Brandeis inadvertently shapes the course of the American Auto Industry.

T.L.S. of the future first Jewish Supreme Court Justice, Louis D. Brandeis, here in the pioneering public advocacy chapter of his private law practice. On letterhead of Brandeis, Dunbar & Nutter, 220 Devonshire St., Brandeis appearing first in a list of the firm’s seven attorneys. Boston, Apr. 15, 1898, 1 p., 8 x 10 ¹/4. To George Ripley, Pres., National Hide & Leather Bank, Boston. “I have been absent from my office all day, and do not know whether you have called me up or not to report on the action of your board of directors in the matter of the attachment against the Overman Wheel Co. I find, however, this evening, a letter from Messrs. Hurlbut and Jones, in which they announce that they propose to file their petition tomorrow, unless the attachments are dissolved before then. I have requested them to postpone filing their insolvency petition...but as they seem to be very urgent, I trust that I may have a definite answer from you tomorrow.” Overman’s first experimental gasoline car in 1895 boasted not one, but three motors, of 2 h.p. each. They weathered the legal storm, their survival perhaps due to Brandeis’ skill. In 1899, Overman made the leap into auto manufacturing, switching gears to steam. Now renamed the Victor, A.H. Overman declared “steam is by far the best power for motor vehicles.” Renting shop space from Stevens Arms, when Overman moved into new premises in 1900, he was replaced by none other than J. Frank Duryea, winner of the first auto race in America with his brother Charles. In another automotive twist, Overman began building pumps for the new Locomobile Company – and the very first Locomobile gas car was designed in Overman’s factory, by yet another pioneer, Andrew L. Riker. Once heavily dampstained, the left third lighter but entirely legible, and the center portion with aqua blue halos around typewriting; crease at blank lower right corner, else an especially large and bold signature, and satisfactory. One might speculate that had Brandeis not been successful in representing Overman, the history of the American auto industry would have been written differently. Old pencil marking suggestive of noted dealer Paul C. Richards. Brandeis letters from this law office are very scarce on the market. $350-450

20-11. “Swastika - A Magazine of Triumph.”

Group of 12 nonconsecutive issues of this rare oddball and occult monthly publication, Jan. 1907-Dec. 1908, named for the 5,000-year-old symbol variously used by American Indians, Hindus, and Chinese, soon to be co-opted by the nascent Nazis. “Devoted to Psychic Science, New Thought, Metaphysics, Socialism, (and) the Solution of Personal Problems.” Edited by stage hypnotist-turned-publisher Dr. Alexander J. McIvor-Tyndall (a.k.a. “Ali Nomad”), Denver, Colo. 5 ¹/4 x 7 ³/4, typically about 26-44 pp. ea. + eclectic ads. Colorful covers, with large swastika in masthead. Advertisers include book on Raja Yoga published by Psychic Science Co., Denver; American Journal of Eugenics, beachfront property in then sparsely-settled southern California, “Toxo-Absorbents - The Greatest Advance in Medical Science,” The Socialist Woman magazine (35¢ per year), “Message from the Illuminati” (with the swastika rotated rightward, as used by the early S.A.; Hitler had been coached by two German mystics in magic rituals, occultism – and race theory), and other ads. List of “Swastika centers, reading rooms, and bookstores” where New Thought publications could be found, including an M.D.’s office upstairs in New York’s Carnegie Hall. The editor, his skills perhaps nuanced by his six marriages, was “a stage hypnotist, mind reader and chiromancer who moved in the early 1900s into mental healing and courses on Psychic Science (with ‘diplomas’). He parlayed his position as New Thought editor of the Denver Post into this journal, which was successful almost from the first. He announced various goals (100,000 subscribers by Jan. 1908, and 500,000 by the next year), but the subscription figure is unknown, though large. The journal carried 8 pages of advertisements...(his) books” (--iapsop.com), plus ads for hair removal, swamis, fortune telling, and more. McIvor-Tyndall also founded the International New Thought Fellowship. He had an association with W.P. Phelon’s Hermetic Brotherhood of Atlantis, Luxor and Elephanta, in San Francisco, which is listed as a Swastika Center. As recently as the turn of the century, the swastika was used in American Indian basketry; in 1905, the Saturday Evening Post presented an article, “The Swastika - A Story of Business by Clairvoyance and Marriage by Magic”; in 1914, sightseeing tours of New York City by auto and yacht were offered by – the Swastika Tours Co.; as late as about 1928, a stylish new apartment house in The Bronx boasted rows of swastikas in colored brickwork across its parapet (these remained until about the 1990s). Some wear; contained in two plain period kraft wrappers; four stab holes intended for braided tassels (evidently to secure them in a Swastika Center, for visiting readers); covers toned, two covers separated and chipped, else internally good to fine. Fascinating reading. No copies currently on abebooks. Certainly examples of pioneering New Age journalism in the American West are elusive. $325-450 (12 pcs.)

20-12. Trouble in Paradise: the Chief Rabbi intervenes in a Feud in the City of Mysticism.

Intriguing T.L.S. of Abraham Kook, noted first Ashkenazic Pres. of Chief Rabbinate of the Holy Land, with unusual content on a long-festering feud between two Jewish religious schools in Safed, a seat of Jewish mysticism. 10th of Sivan, 5682 [June. 6, 1922]. In Hebrew; his stylized signature in purplish brown. Also signed by Secretary Gen., probably Shmuel Aharon Weber, somewhat light. Purple oval handstamp, “Chief Rabbinate of Eretz Israel / (Jerusalem), Palestine.” To “Rabbinical Ministry in Israel, Safed.” On variant masthead. Full modern translation.

Kook writes, “Greetings, We received a letter from Safed about the conflicts that have been going on for a long time between Yeshiva Torat Eretz Yisrael and Yeshiva Hatam Sofer, demanding that we withhold the funds of the religious committees until the matter is settled. Noting the results of this ongoing feud, we are asking Keter to notify both parties on our behalf that they must appoint a lawyer and appear before us to settle the matter no later than a month from today, or that we will send two rabbis from here to settle the matter there.”

One of the four holy cities of Israel - together with Jerusalem, Hebron, and Tiberias - Safed had been fortified by Flavius Josephus, and later by Crusaders. “In the 16th century, Safed was the center of Jewish mysticism. The spiritual flowering of the town was accompanied by material prosperity...(with) looms, whose products competed with those of Venice...”--virtualjewishlibrary.org. To this day, Safed is the center of an important school of Jewish mysticism, the Kabbala. Research should reveal whether the two contentious yeshivas here were Kabbalistic; if that was the case, their differences would have been challenging to reconcile. The masthead bears the names of six rabbis of the Chief Rabbinate, two of whom would presumably make the journey to the mystical city of Safed, if necessary. The letter’s condition may reflect the fury of the recipient: old mailing folds, then heavily crumpled (as if thrown into a waste basket and then recovered), some internal tears and bits lacking (confined to upper left dateline area), typewriting lighter at right half but legible; then trimmed and inlaid on old white sheet. Some strong emotions may have come to bear here. Fair, but absolutely collectible, and a conversation piece for display. The present letter is perhaps one of the only substantial primary source documents to reach the market relating to the mystical city in the early decades of Zionism. Since October 7, Safed has reemerged in current news. Fresh to the market, from an old collection, assembled 1960s-80s. $400-550

20-13. Pass for a Concentration Camp “Anti-Faschist.”

Unusual typewritten pass issued by Esslingen Police, Occupied Germany, June 18, 1945, 5 ³/4 x 8 ¹/2 oblong, signed in purple pencil. In German. A character voucher that “Albert Thomaier, born 26.6.(19)05” in Esslingen is known as “Anti-Faschist,” was repeatedly in prison and concentration camps (“Gefängnis und Konzentrationslager...”), and stating “A pass is no longer in question.” After the War, Allied authorities had the problem of determining who was a Nazi and who was not. Obviously an I.D., carried for some time. Pocket wear, some stains at edges and center fold, else about good. $80-100

20-14. “The Nazis killed before my eyes all of my dearest....”

Partly printed letter from Holocaust survivor Caref Leja, signed at conclusion, in Displaced Persons UNRRA Camp 1044, Marktredwitz, “U.S.A. Occupation Zone in Germany,” Apr. 25, 1947, 8 ¹/4 x 11 ³/4. To Trygve Lie, Secretary General of U.N., then in Lake Success, N.Y., requesting transmission of “my following request to the meeting of the U.N. which will consider the problem of Palestine. During the World War II I have suffered in the German Nazi camps. There the Nazis killed before my eyes all of my dearest and nearest. The victory over Nazi Germany brought the liberation of all oppressed nations but for the Jewish people. 21 months after the victory I still am in a camp in Germany, among the murderers of my family. The only refuge where I will be able to carry a normal and free life - is my old native country - Palestine. From the deepness of my grievous and tortured soul...United Nations of the World, which has the task to bring freedom...as a result of the victory over the greatest tyranny in the history: ...give me the possibility to begin a peaceable and normal life in my own country.” Uniform browning, else very fine. The modern nation of Israel was born the following May. In a shocking sidebar, former New York Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia - as Director of this U.N. Relief and Rehabilitation Administration - learned that his sister and other relatives had been held in Nazi concentration camps. She is believed the only American-born woman interned by the Nazis. She ended up in a housing project in Queens; the fate of the sender of this letter remains to be researched. $125-175

21-1. A Physician’s Property near Boston Meeting House.

Manuscript deed signed by eighteenth-century “Thomas Williams, Physician,” and his wife Abigail, Roxbury, Suffolk County (Mass.), June 3, 1791, recorded July 30, 1791, 2 pp., 7 ¹/2 x 12 ¹/4. Five additional signatures of witnesses, Justice of Peace, and Boston Registrar Henry Alline. Selling to Ebenezer Clap 10 acres with buildings in Dorchester, “near the meeting House...,” bounded by property of Clap and Samuel Coolidge. Superb “T.R.” pictorial watermark showing Miss Britannia(?) holding olive leaf and sceptre. Williams “was remarkable for industry, generosity, temperance and activity...”--History of the Descendants of John Dwight of Dedham..., 1874, p. 825. Clap served as Lt. Col. around time of Bunker Hill, in Col. Joseph Read’s Mass. Regt. Some caramel toning at margin from handling, edge wear of blank pp. 3-4, else fine and attractive. $65-85

21-2. Describing the First Heart Transplant.

Fascinating typewritten excerpt from pioneer heart surgeon Dr. Christiaan Barnard’s book One Life, on one leaf, 8 ¹/2 x 11, boldly signed in blue at conclusion. Likely prepared by an autograph seeker. “I entered theater B telling myself I had to be very careful. We could have no more accidents...My hand was shaking...I was far too tense to work well, but hoped for more control as I went along....” Describing in detail his procedure, until “the heart was free. I lifted it with my hands...and we began the journey from one operating table to the other, thirty-one steps through total silence, everyone motionless....” Never folded, and excellent. Barnard became a household name around the world, his medical feat laying the groundwork for what has become a regularly-performed miracle. $100-130

21-3. “The first American ever to use the X-ray in medicine....”

Fascinating T.L.S. of Henry Louis Smith, as Pres. Emeritus, Washington and Lee University, Greensboro, N.C., Jan. 30, (19)38, 8 ¹/2 x 11. “...Mr. Joseph Nathan Kane, the ‘Famous First’ Researcher, opened correspondence with me telling me that he had discovered by research that I was the first American ever to use the X-ray in medicine or take an X-ray photograph, and asking me if I would come to their Broadcasting Studio at 1440 [Broadway], New York City, and give out an interview over a nationwide network of the Mutual Broadcasting Co...I spoke on Sept. 5th to over a hundred stations...I give you my autograph below. But I would suggest that the next time you write to ask such a favor from a total stranger you should always be very careful to enclose a stamp for reply. Most men in such a state of affairs would toss such a request immediately into the waste basket.” Minor soft crease at blank upper left, six mounting stains on verso, not visible from front, light uniform toning, else very fine, with a sprawling choice signature. Smith’s work in pioneering the medical X-ray saved countless lives. $125-150

22-1. Daniel Webster.

A.L.S. of the incomparable lawyer, 1852 Presidential candidate. From his home in Marshfield, (Mass.), Aug. 25, “4 A.M.,” (n.y. but not before 1832), 2 pp., penned both sides. To an unnamed correspondent. In coffee-and-cream on pale grey. “I am willing to accept the fee (200) as a retainer in Woodbury v. Allen &c. I know no relations which I have with the Def(endant), making it improper to be counsel for Defdt. Indeed, I know not who either party is. Probably, I shall follow your judg(men)t, in regard to amt. of retainer, & am content with 200. At last, you may so consider, for the present. I shall be up, on Mon., or certainly on Tues., & will stay in town long enough to learn something of the case. Yrs., D. Webster.” At conclusion, in another period hand, perhaps a 19th century autograph collector, “One of the greatest Orators & States(men) of them.” Likely penned from his “law office” in Marshfield, actually a dollhouse-sized, one-room structure somehow also containing his library. Because of an 1878 fire in the main house on his 1200-acre estate, the office is the only building associated with Webster which survived. It is today on the National Register. Margins trimmed and corners broadly rounded, evidently for light tan toned strip along blank left margin where once “artistically” mounting in a scrapbook, else satisfactory. $450-700

22-2. A Future Supreme Court Justice and the Great Fire of New York City.

Interesting partly printed circular letter signed in ink by Sec. of Treasury Levi Woodbury, headed Treasury Dept., Dec. 16, 1840, 8 x 10. To Commissioners Hoyt, Coe, and Butler, N.Y. “In compliance with...the act of Congress of the 7th of July, 1838, entitled ‘An act to remit the duties upon certain goods destroyed by fire at the late conflagration in the city of N.Y., I have duly examined the testimony...of the Commissioners in the claim of James McCall and approve of their determination...and hereby sanction the award of $1016.13....” Fine. The Great Fire, still known to Gotham history buffs, had taken place in Jan. 1835, destroying vast tracts of Manhattan. In Woodbury’s long tenure as Sec. of the Treasury, he advocated hard money over paper. The Panic of 1837 brought his realization that the Treasury’s own funds were not being protected by the banks. Later, as a U.S. Supreme Court Justice, Woodbury wrote, “...by stopping the fountain-head of slavery...the country will be enabled gradually to purify the corrupt waters....” Considered for the 1848 Democratic nomination for Pres., he was edged out by Lewis Cass. Woodbury remains just one of three in American annals to serve in all three branches of government - and also as a governor. $160-220

22-3. Here Comes the Judge!

Steel-engraved invitation, Apr. 29, 1882: “The Association of the Bar of the City of N.Y. requests the pleasure of your company...to meet The Hon. Samuel Blatchford, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the U.S.,” 7 W. 29 St., N.Y. On ivory card, 4 x 5. Blatchford was private secretary to N.Y. Gov. William Seward, and became the first to serve at all three levels of the federal judiciary - as a District judge, Circuit judge, and Supreme Court Justice. On what he thought was inside information, Blatchford had sold all his stocks on the eve of the Battle of Fort Sumter, preserving his personal fortune. By the time of his ascension to the Supreme Court, his net worth exceeded $3 million, around $80 million today. Among his three wives was the granddaughter of Alexander Hamilton. Mounting evidence on blank verso, cream toning along three margins, probably from item facing in album, else about very good. Ephemeral material relating to Supreme Court Justices is quite scarce. $55-75

22-4. First Law School in the World founded by women – and first to graduate an all-female law school class.

Promotional flyer of first women’s law school, Washington College of Law, K St. N.W., c. 1925, 4 pp., 8 ¹/2 x 11, brown on cream matte enamel. Founded 1896 with a class of just three students; at time of this flyer’s printing, they boasted 559 graduates. Photos of founders Ellen Mussey and Emma Gillett; p. 1 photo of their modest brownstone building, “one of the few places where women are given not only opportunity to study law, but great encouragement...Of the early colleges, established years ago, only two even now admit women in their professional schools on an equality with men. In colleges of more recent foundation, women are tolerated...but more often not...(Women) are just at the beginning...That the law applies alike to men and women would imply that both men and women should interpret the law....” Considerable dust-toning on p. 4 (improveable with an archival cleaning pad), minor toning on p. 1, else about very good. Rare legal history. RareBookHub finds nothing of any description relating to the College. $90-130

23-1. Obscure Military History - French Army of the Pyrenees.

Uncommon early Napoleonic-era folded letter-sheet with black straight-line franking, “Arm(ie) des Pyr(en)ees OC LES” (French Army of the Pyrenees, the mountainous border region between France and Spain). From St. Pée (sur Nivella), to Toulouse. Sept. 18, (1795, confirmed from date of postal marking and from tax applied to the distance the letter was sent: Ta x 10 - Tarif of 3 thermidor). Letter uses Revolutionary calendar, “le 2 Jour Complimentaires.” 2 full p., 7 x 9 ¹/4, flamboyantly signed Cazatot. Mentioning Bayonne and Conte. Old folds, minor wear, toning of address-leaf, else very good. The previous year Napoleon had been imprisoned, following the fall of Robespierre. Becoming commander of Army of the Interior in 1795, “the Little Corporal” soon began to display “his genius for military strategy” (--Webster’s Biographical), winning the Battle of the Pyramids in 1798. A letter from the French Army in the Pyrenees in 1795 is somewhat unusual and obscure. Few items of any description from the Pyrenees emerge on the market in North America. $80-110

23-2. During one of the First Guerrilla Wars in Modern Western History.

Scarce folded letter-sheet with black straight-line “No. 27 / Arm(ie) Francaise / en Espagne” (French Army in Spain). From French (Col.) Majou, in Madrid, June 8, 1809, 1 p. Elongated ink cancel, two vertical lines. To Monsieur Desheimbach, La Rochelle (France), evidently his father-in-law. Penned in a charming hand, mentioning Bordeaux and Deuxville (Deauville). “Capella...” watermark with crest. Circular black-stencilled eagle seal; blank portion of address-leaf adhered beneath seal where (meticulously) opened; three-line strike a bit light but clear, else fresh and excellent. Napoleon invaded Spain in 1808, ending the King’s reign of just 48 days. The revolt by the Spaniards was massive, propelled in part by Napoleon - an excommunicated enemy of the Pope - placing his brother on the throne, breaching Spain’s tradition of the hereditary crown of Most Catholic kings. In the year of the present lot, “a popular insurrection against the French broke out all over Spain. The peninsular campaign was a disaster for France...Vicious reprisals, famously portrayed by Goya in ‘The Disasters of War,’ only made the Spanish guerrillas angrier...The war in Spain proved to be a major, long-term drain on French money, manpower and prestige...”--wikipedia. In turn, by 1820 Spain had become one of the poorest countries in Europe, selling Florida, and losing most of its Western Hemisphere colonies in the next six years. The letter’s sender, Majou, maintained a journal in 1812, which finally saw publication in 1899. A fascinating historical timeline. $90-120

23-3. A Field-Used Copy of the Army Manual originally written for Continental Troops.

Excessively rare, turn-of-19th-century edition of one of the most important books of the Revolutionary War era, without which American victory would have been unlikely. Jeffersonian edition, with New Hampshire association, of the first military manual for the armed forces of the new United States (first printed 1779): Baron von Steuben’s Regulations for the Order and Discipline of the Troops of the United States. “Printed for William Norman, Book and Chart Seller,” Boston, 1802. 4 ¹/2 x 7, full original burled calf, gilt on green-black leather spine label, 73 pp. Considered the father of the American Army, von Steuben was recommended by Ben Franklin. Reporting to George Washington at Valley Forge, he was given the unenviable job of training the American soldiers - though he spoke almost no English. Quickly teaching them to use their bayonets for charging, instead of roasting meat over a fire, von Steuben reorganized, drilled, and polished the troops, contributing markedly to independence. Written specifically for the use of Continental troops by order of Congress, this magnum opus was the standard work for Washington’s men, continuing in use well into the nineteenth century. “(von Steuben) was unrivaled among the citizens of the new nation as an expert on military affairs. His introduction of European military concepts to the Continental army marks the beginning of a truly professional military tradition in the United States”--A.N.B.

Two flamboyantly oversize ownership inscriptions on front flyleaves of “Nathan K. Holt / His Book / Boscawen [N.H.] / June 1807.” It is likely that Holt crossed paths with the then-youthful John Dix, a native of Boscawen, and with Daniel Webster, who opened his law office in town the previous year, before moving to Portsmouth. Interestingly, von Steuben first set foot in America in Portsmouth. Title page states “Embellished with nine copperplates,” however final text leaf, containing detailed “Explanation of the Plates,” lists only eight, all of which are present. A mid-twentieth-century pencil note states “lacks 1 plate (frontis.),” however the first plate present, between end of table of contents and page “A,” is prominently headed “Fig. 1.” The unnumbered, missing plate presumably does not have the same type of military content as the eight plates carried forward from earlier editions. Leather understandably scuffed, worn at corners, lacking at about 2” of spine; blank lower left section of plate V lacking, affecting no text; plate VI folded off-center by binder, with some tattering at blank lower edge, scattered light foxing, handling wear, but otherwise about very good. The copies that do appear on the market sometimes show such field usage.

No collection of military history, indeed of early Americana, is complete without an example of this book. Early American Imprints, 2nd series, 3114, and many other citations. An excessively rare edition, with only one other example located, at the Library of Congress. WorldCat locates only microform copies. Rare Book Hub finds no examples this edition at auction or in classic dealers’ catalogues, among their nearly 14 million records, 1858-present. War-date printings sell for multiples of our estimate here. $850-1150

23-4. “...confidence in your Courage” – Appointing an Arms Instructor in the War of 1812.

Appealingly attractive partly printed A.D.S. twice of Lt. Col. William Randall, Commandant of 30th Regt. of Infantry, Connecticut Militia, Stonington, May 6, 1814 - the day Fort Oswego was destroyed by the British. 7 ³/4 x 12 ¹/4. Appointing Russel Wheeler, “Reposing especial confidence in your Courage, Care, Skill and good Conduct...a Sgt. in the 4th Co., in the Regt. under my command...You are...to instruct said Co. in the use of arms...commanding them to obey you as their Sergeant....” By the end of May, the British blockade extended to the New England coast. Raids on Connecticut - including Stonington - and Massachusetts followed. Randall summoned his men using tar barrel signals! Waterstains, but overall imparting a charming pale mocha tone; nibbles along 2” of blank bottom edge, moderate corner and fold wear, else good plus, exuding character. War of 1812 material from Connecticut is uncommon. With interesting modern research. $80-110

23-5. The Real John Doe and his Musicians – in the War of 1812.

Three items: Manuscript chart, “Description & Enumeration of Troops” of “Lt. Col. John Doe’s Regt. of Detached Militia of State of N.Y...in the actual Service of the United States,” New York City, Aug. 18-Nov. 18, 1814. 8 x 13. Total of 17 ranks listed on lined page, showing “Pay, Subsistence, & Forage.” With total for each rank, from Lt. Col. to Private; the two “Principal Musicians” were near the bottom of the pay scale, at $22 for three months. Interestingly, the horizontal rules and most salaries were first drafted in pencilled, then neatly overwritten in ink. Six-line docketing of Regimental Pay Master Richard Roe, “...the best data as to the actual number of troops that I have been able to obtain....” Uniform toning, else about fine. War of 1812 documents from Manhattan are very uncommon. • With two partly printed Inspection Returns, Sept. 1813, 144th Regt. Infantry, Saratoga County, N.Y., 8 ¹/4 x 13 ¹/2. Commandant Guert Van Schooner, Brigade commanded by Brig. Gen. Samuel Clark. Each for a different company, and signed by different Capt. Listing soldiers present at parade, number of drummers, fifers, buglers, et al, plus count of 20 accoutrements: “swords or hangars...bugle-horn, musquets, bayonets...flints, wires and brushes, worms, knapsacks, shot-pouches, powder-horns...loose balls...pounds of powder.” One with substantial ink spill, the scribe’s elbow perhaps startled by an off-key bugler, and tipping the ink bottle. Marginal toning, some handling, else good plus, and evocative display pieces. $150-200 (3 pcs.)

23-6. The Lincoln Battalion – in Spain – with Record Album.

The Lincoln Battalion - The Story of the Americans who fought in Spain in the International Brigades, Edwin Rolfe, Random House, N.Y.: 1939, 1st printing. 5 ¹/2 x 8 ¹/4, 321 pp., index, campaign maps on endpapers, mocha buckram. D.j. not present. A motley group, largely American, cobbled together by Communist International, the Lincoln Battalion ranged from college students to ambulance drivers and adventurers, fighting in Spain against rebel Franco’s Nazi-supported movement. Daily ships arrived at Spanish ports laden with rifles, machine guns, hand grenades, trucks, and munitions – from Russia. With the cargo came Russian agents, instructors, and propagandists. The Communist sponsors took great pains to paint their involvement - and that of the American Lincoln Battalion - as “anti-Fascist,” and serving “progressive democracy.” Other units filled with Americans were named the George Washington Battalion and John Brown Battery. Urged by the Communists to give false information about their destinations, many entered via France. N.Y.C. supplied up to a third of the 3,000 volunteers, sustaining 681 casualties. In all, a fascinating episode in military and political history, on the eve of World War II. Some dust-toning of cloth, else internally clean and fine. • With exceedingly rare phonograph record, in original sleeve, “Songs of the Lincoln Brigade,” Stinson Records, N.Y., “The Finest Folk Music Recordings,” 33 ¹/3 r.p.m., n.d. but evidently late 1940s-early 1950s. Jacket art with black bullet-like letters over bulls-eyes, with rifle barrel at left; on verso, list of other records, including Leadbelly, Pete Seeger, Josh White, “Chain Gang Songs,” “British Industrial Ballads,” “Jewish Young Folk Singers,” “Irish Rebel Songs,” albums of Adirondack, Catskill, Cowboy, Ozark, and Texas songs; the present album listed as “Spanish Civil War Songs - Songs of the Lincoln & International Brigades.” Top and bottom neatly reinforced with old masking tape, but still dramatic for display; record within appears mint and perhaps never played. $100-130 (2 pcs.)

24-1. A Custom-Made Mini Locomotive for the 1876 Centennial.

Unusual original photograph of ¹/3 scale mockup of locomotive built in L.V. Sayre locomotive shops, Penna., by apprentice workers as a parade float, evidently for the 1876 Centennial. 4 ³/4 x 7, on 7 x 9 mocha mount. “1776” painted on nose of engine, on side of headlamp, and on beautifully lacquered side panel of engineer’s cabin; American flags flanking front; “Lehigh Valley” on matching reduced-size coal car. Towing a miniature replica of a building of the locomotive works, topped by an ornate gazebo, probably protecting waving passengers from sun and rain. Three old brown ink drips, waterstain at lower right corner, upper corner creased, but very satisfactory. The actual locomotive mockup shown here survives, in a private collection in Poughkeepsie, N.Y. $70-100

24-2. Fifth Avenue Mansion of a Notorious Nineteenth-century Abortionist.

Very scarce stereoscopic photo, imprinted on orange mount “Views of New York City - Madame Restelle Residence, 5th Ave.” (at 52 St.). Arriving from England in 1831, Ann Trow was soon widowed, her husband an “alcoholic tailor.” Remarrying a “radical and freethinker,” the couple concocted a resume, claiming she had trained in midwifery with a renowned French physician named Restell. Selling birth control products under her stylized brand name, she and her new husband became self-declared pharmacists - and surgeons. Performing abortions in their brownstone mansion, depicted in this photograph, the duo even advertised their services in The New York Times. Though at first legal, her success drew attention of the A.M.A., and abortion was outlawed in N.Y. in 1845. The National Police Gazette claimed her business “strikes at the root of all social order.” Madame Restelle became so well-known that her mansion was listed in N.Y.C. tour guides as a lurid attraction. Her legal troubles lasted for decades; the literature is dramatic and often shocking. She was soon dubbed “the Wickedist Woman in N.Y.,” notwithstanding her collections of diamonds, pearls, and “finest horses, carriages, and silk dresses”--wikipedia. Her fortune was estimated at today’s equivalent of roughly $12 million or more. A national issue by the end of the Civil War, her antagonists developed the argument that since an embryo is alive from the point of conception, abortion at any time was murder. She soon met her own end, by her own hand. Some mottling of image, corners of mount worn, else warm milk-chocolate tones, and good. With modern copy of article about her from smithsonian.com. Significant womens’ history. $65-85

24-3. Preparing for War – Early Work of soon-to-be-famous Photographer and Copywriter.

Collection of 36 professional-quality candid photographs showing light tanks, guns, and soldiers in 1st Army Field Artillery training maneuvers at Fort Drum, Plattsburg, N.Y., 1941, taken in that last Summer before America entered the war, for publication in Standard Oil’s memorable house organ, Lamp. 8 x 9 ³/4, doubleweight glossy, olive sepia. Some with pencil identifications on verso by noted writer Alton Ketchum, some with touch of humor, and plugging Esso petroleum where possible. Subjects include: “Mechanized cavalrymen put their ‘Hell Buggy’ armament in shape for the 1st Army maneuvers.” • Light tanks in field and on roads. • “Squadron commanders and staffs ‘orient’ their positions on the strategical map.” • “Gun crew of ‘E’ Battery, 104th Field Artillery, climb aboard their 1 ¹/2-Ton truck. The last one in is (not what you thought), but is going to have to sit on that box of ‘75’ ammunition. Hope the driver doesn’t hit the bumps too hard.” • “Crew of camouflaged combat car...with headlights dimmed....” • “Machine gunner ready for action. Man at left is supplying unlimited moral assistance.” • In period Standard Oil envelope bearing note of Alton Ketchum, celebrated advertising copywriter and creative director, author, collector, antiquarian, and scholar: “When Ralph Stein and I covered, for Standard Oil Lamp, first big Army maneuvers just before the U.S. got into the real thing. This was at Pine Camp (now Fort Drum), north of N.Y. state by the Canadian border. Ralph took these pix - I shot movies.” Ralph Stein is believed the noted automotive photographer, his postwar work featured in Automobile Quarterly and fine books on antique cars, including Treasury of the Automobile and The Great Cars. Many fine closeups of tanks, caissons, trucks, and soldiers with accoutrements. The angles, exposures, and cropping of photos lend a lively quality, presaging Stein’s future renown at his craft. Also serving as wartime staff cartoon editor for Yank magazine, in the 1950s Stein helped draw and write the “Popeye” comic strip; his “Popeye” story lines put the sailor’s friends and foes on the sidelines, instead taking the spinach-toting character around the world. Small number of duplicates, showing different exposures. Some with editorial stamping, “Blue(print) and Hold.” Some glue mounting evidence on versos, light corner wear, else generally fine. Envelope with handling wear, some tears and toning, else satisfactory. From Ketchum’s files. $350-550 (37 pcs.)

25-2. Lindbergh’s “Other” Plane.

Two items: Appealing ephemeral advertising premium of Thompson’s “Malted Milk - Chocolate Flavored - Sweetened,” made by Borden, featuring “Col. Lindbergh’s Lockheed Sirius Seaplane.” Likely prewar, 10 ¹/2 x 19, black on tan, one side with panoramic photo of Lindy’s streamlined aircraft with pontoons, this one of seventeen exciting aircraft mini-posters, intended for wall display. On verso, cutaway drawing of Lindbergh’s seaplane, with callouts identifying its then-advanced features: “Wright Cyclone engine, 680 h.p. at 2100 r.p.m...Metal float divided into 5 water-tight compartments...Earth inductor compass generating unit...Loop for radio direction finder 600-mile range....” Plus mechanical and performance specifications - and illustration of a can of Thompson’s chocolate milk! Some waterstains, toning, some edge fraying and creases in left third, old 2 ¹/2” tape reinforcement on verso, wear along three mailing folds, else very satisfactory. • Striking studio photograph of a young Lindbergh, 8 x 10, velvet matte, soft-focus sepia on ivory. By Underwood. “1927” on verso. Very minor soft crease at blank lower left corner, else excellent. $90-120 (2 pcs.)

25-3. From the Library of an Early American Aviator – William Rockefeller.

Fascinating group of five books from the shelves of William Avery Rockefeller, III, friend of Lindbergh, member of Yale University’s Flying Unit, leaving the school in 1917 to join the history-making Naval Reserve Flying Corps in Huntington, L.I., “the origin of the naval aviation component of the U.S. Navy Reserve”--wikipedia. Comprising: The Millionaires’ Unit: The Aristocratic Flyboys Who Fought the Great War and Invented American Air Power, by Marc Wortman, 2006, first printing, signed by author, 314 pp., vintage photos. “The story of a gilded generation of young men from the zenith of privilege: a Rockefeller, a Taft, son of the head of Union Pacific, a son of J.P. Morgan’s partner, and several who counted friends and relatives among presidents and statesmen of the day. Driven by the belief that their membership in the American elite required certain sacrifices, schooled in heroism and the nature of leadership, they were determined to be first into the conflict, leading the way ahead of America’s declaration that it would join the Great War in Europe. At the heart of the group was the Yale flying club, six of whose members are heroes of this book.” Rockefeller is mentioned numerous times. Price clipped d.j., else a bright, clean copy. A documentary, “The Millionaires’ Unit - The First U.S. Naval Aviators in W.W. I,” was released on DVD in 2015. • The Consul, by Richard Harding Davis, Scribner, 1911, full leather. Ownership inscription “William Avery Rockefeller / Naval Reserve Flying Corps / Huntington, L.I. / 1917” on russet-brown front endpaper. Front cover detached but present; portions of black leatherette peeled at outer hinge, edges, and much of back cover (the book evidently a favorite of Rockefeller), else internally fine and clean. • Georges Guynemer, Knight of the Air, by Henry Bordeaux, translated from French. Intro. by Theodore Roosevelt. Yale University Press, 1918. Ownership inscription “William A. Rockefeller” on front endpaper. Pub. “in memory of Ensign Curtis Seaman Read, U.S.N.R.F.(C.) of Class of 1918, Yale, killed in the aviation service in France, Feb., 1918”; Read was certainly a friend of Rockefeller. Color frontispiece portrait by celebrated illustrator and book designer Rudolph Ruzicka; 4 black-and-white plates by W.A. Dwiggins. Decorated front board with some soiling, else internally very good. • 2-volume set: Yale College Class of 1918..., “published for Class of 1918 by Class Secretaries Bureau, (1918). With, History of the Class of 1918...Forty Years On, ed. by Wilmarth Lewis, a classmate of Rockefeller. Rockefeller’s bio on pp. 285-286 of Vol. I and 271-272 of Vol. II. Black embossed cloth. Printed facsimile of letter to the Class from Prof. George Burton Adams, on the challenges to liberty and freedom, still timely today. Panoramic photo of Class with two corner tip overfolds incurred at bindery; else both vols. excellent. • The First Yale Unit: A Story of Naval Aviation, 1916-1919, by Ralph D. Paine, Riverside Press, Cambridge, 1925. Early Navy plane gold-stamped on covers. 2 vols., 306 and 400 pp., 44 and 41 photo plates, respectively. William Rockefeller left Yale in 1917 to serve in this pioneering unit; he is mentioned on 12 pp. Unsigned by Rockefeller but his personal copy, certainly of great meaning to him, as evidenced by the wear of the original publisher’s slipcase. Blue slipcase toned, seams split at spine panel (repairable); face fore-edges speckle-toned by slipcase board, else volumes very fine. A scarce, specialized aviation title, and rare with slipcase in any condition. $850-1150 (7 volumes representing 5 titles)

25-4. Blue Angels.

Vintage glossy photograph signed by six early members of the Navy’s Blue Angels, the world’s oldest formal aerobatic flying team. May 1960, Naval Station Pensacola, Fla., official U.S. Navy stamp on verso. Later in this 1960 season, signer Lt. Skip Campanella was killed, and another, LCDR Jack Dewenter resigned, having crash-landed when an engine failed during a show. All six shown seated on runway tarmac, wheels of a jet in background. Each identified on verso in purple imprint, including Capt. Doug McCaughey, the Blue Angels’ Marine aviator, and Boss (Team Leader) Commander Zeb Knott (signed in light green ink, others in blue, all on lighter portion near their likenesses). Few minor corner creases, else very good. Very rare thus, and wonderful for display. $170-220

25-5. Early Navy Seaplanes, “nemesis of the submarine.”

Complete set of 10 World War I era “Souvenir Post Cards of U.S. Aero Station, Bay Shore, L.I., N.Y.” Black-and-white, issued by “Committee on Public Information” of Naval Aviation School. Each captioned, plus detailed text in green on address side. Including: “The eagle beats the shark, an unequal race between a hydroæroplane and its fleet tender...,” “Leaving the water for the air,” “The nemesis of the submarine...Will swoop through the heavens detecting the U-boats as they watch for their prey and either signal to our destroyers which dot the seascape or drop depth bombs upon the serpents of the sea,” “The sentinel of the clouds,” “The eyes of our Navy,” “Ready for the morning flight” showing fleet of seaplanes on the beach, “Aviators and hydroæroplanes such as this one will cause, more than any other military agent we now possess, the Hun submarines to sink back into its lair,” and others. Two with toned outlines of envelope flaps, else all mint; printed envelope with uniform browning, else very good. $150-200 (set)

25-6. One of Aviation’s Most Famous Moments.

Two Ls.S., in English, of French flyer (Charles) Godefroy, the first to fly a plane under the Arch of Triumph in Paris. Montmorency, France, Apr. 20, 1958, 7 ¹/2 x 8. To Rev. Cornelius Greenway. “...I am really glad to know you have served with the American Army in France for the first Great War. Let me tell you that the story about my flying under the Arc(h) is wrong as you think it yourselves: I did not crack my plan(e). You had many signed photographs from so many famous aviators and I am very happy to join my own to the others....” Mounted on verso by Greenway, a clipping about Godefroy from Newsweek, Mar. 31, 1958: “...Godefroy hasn’t piloted one (plane) since that brief moment of international fame four decades ago - he promised his girl he wouldn’t - is now 70 and a wine and cakes salesman...On Aug. 7, 1919...Godefroy steered a ‘borrowed’ military plane with a 30-ft. wing span through the 41-ft. opening of the arch. Why? ‘Everybody wanted to fly under the arch. I wanted to be the first.’” Two small tape repairs by Greenway on verso. • May 26, (19)58, 8 x 8, 1 full p., with postscript in his hand in French. “...I am really sorry that the picture arrived completely damaged. It has been a neglect of myself not to have packed it well...I did not serve during the war first. I just (taught) the young men to make of them, soldiers and aviators, able to serve for the war. I send you all my sympathie, to the soldier of the war first you have been....” Both on manifold airmail paper. Blind clip depression on both, else fine. Rare content letters of one of aviation history’s most enduring and sensational feats. He died later in 1958; a street is named for him in Montmorency. $240-300 (3 pcs.)

25-7. Graf Zeppelin.

Flown postcard, Lakehurst to Germany, with official purple pictorial cachet “First Flight Air Mail / Via Graf Zeppelin / United States-Germany / Oct. 28, 19(28).” Two oval N.Y. “Foreign” cancels (about ¹/4 and ¹/2 off card, respectively), 3¢ pink McKinley printed and rich lilac 50¢ postage stamp, Scott #570 (desirable on an air mailpiece). Complete backstamp “Friedrichshafen / 1 Nov. 28....” Boldly endorsed by sender on front, “Via German Airship L.Z. 127 / from Lakehurst, N.J.,” underlined in blue crayon-pencil. Some postal wear, else about very good. An historic event. $65-85

25-8. The First Commercial Transatlantic Round-Trip Flight.

Highly attractive flown cover, 1937, signed by pilot Dick Merrill, the highest-paid airmail pilot, later Eisenhower’s and Rickenbacker’s personal pilot, flying the longest distance of any pilot in commercial aviation history - reportedly 8,000,000 miles. Large onionskin airmail envelope, postmarked N.Y. May 8, London May 13, and again upon return in N.Y. on May 14, respectively cancelled on three postage stamps, U.S. and British. Blue and reddish pictorial handstamps, “Anglo-American Goodwill Coronation Flight....,” crossed flags and Royal crown. The first fully-successful round-trip crossing, the Lockheed Electra flight made in honor of coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. Leaving Floyd Bennett Field, the aviators crossed in just over 20 hours, and returned in 24. “On board the aircraft were photographs of the Hindenburg airship disaster which had only happened a few days before, and served to highlight use of aircraft as the future for global air transportation...A few covers were autographed by either Dick Merrill or Jack Lambie and these unsurprisingly command premium prices among collectors today...The legacy of the...flight was that Capt. Merrill was widely judged to have proved that quick and reliable commercial transatlantic flights were a viable proposition”--gbstamp.co.uk. Light edge creases of airmail-weight paper, else colorful and V.F. • With original printed enclosure, “Compliments of Gimbels Famous Stamp Dept...A tangible record of a Historic Flight...,” detailing the adventure. AAMC 1280. $60-80 (2 pcs.)

25-9. Commander of Clandestine Air Service for VIPs fleeing Nazis.

Group of three items relating to famed aviator Col. Bernt Balchen, Arctic and Antarctic explorer, World War II hero, and Adm. Byrd’s emergency pilot and mechanic on the America: T.L.S., 10th Rescue Sq(uadron), Ft. Richardson, Anchorage, Alaska, Mar. 23, 1949, 7 ¹/4 x 10 ³/4. To G. Kaufman, Gerard Ave., Bronx. “I am sorry to inform you that my organization do not at the present time fly any jetplanes. Our work is search and rescue of aircraft in distress.” On airmail lettersheet. Uniform toning, else fine. • Original wire service glossy from files of N.Y. Herald Tribune, 8 x 10, sepia. Marked “Daily / Jun(e) 30, 1927.” Clipping from use in their rotogravure section affixed, “Bernt Balchen, hero of the Byrd trans-Atlantic flight, who will, with Bennett, aid Commander Byrd in his aerial exploration of the Antarctic.” Pencil, red and blue crayon notations. An engaging shot, looking directly into the camera. Cropped square by Art Dept. with white opaque and orange pencil. Lacking minor ¹/4 x ¹/2” fragment at right edge, handling creases, but very satisfactory and highly charismatic. • Glossy, 7 ¹/4 x 9 ¹/2. Caption in editorial pencil on verso, datestamped July 1, 1927. An almost Lindberghian pose, looking skyward with an expectant smile, goggles atop his leather flying helmet, wearing the same necktie as in preceding. Opaque white applied by Art Dept. to accentuate cameo. Lacking sliver at lower right corner, else very good. Hired by Amelia Earhart as technical advisor for her solo Transatlantic flight, Balchen’s World War II adventures included a bombing raid on the last remaining German outpost in Greenland, and commanding clandestine air transport allowing VIPs to flee the Nazis. Using OSS crews, Balchen’s operation saved over 3,000 people. One of the world’s top experts on the Arctic, he stated in 1972 that “a general warming trend over the North Pole is melting the polar ice cap....” $110-140 (3 pcs.)

25-10. The Final Adventure of Sir Hubert.

Highly interesting twice-signed, dual-flight cover, over both North and South Poles by Sir Hubert Wilkins, famed Australian scientist, WW I hero, photographer, explorer, and pioneer polar aviator. Cacheted both sides. Signed once in ink over his printed corner-card, 37 W. 53 St., N.Y., and again within addressing to himself in Alaska, in light pencil (for philatelists). Beneath ink signature, in his Einstein-ian hand, he has penned dates flown over North Pole, Honolulu, and South Pole, with aircraft numbers and co-captains’ names. Postmarked “Army Air Force Postal Ser(vice) / APO 942,” Sept. 4, 1957, on 2¢ pink Jefferson and 4¢ blue airmail postage stamps, and “Little Antarctica,” Nov. 13, 1957, on 3¢ purple. Front printed map cachet of Antarctica. Two rubber-stamped pictorial cachets on verso, “Intl. Geophysical Year / Little America Sta.” and “Operation Deep Freeze - U.S. Navy - Seapower Supports Science.” Moderate toning along glued seams, tea-colored staining at upper and lower left edges (perhaps from a splashing penguin greeting the plane), else very good. Acquired 1968. Wonderful for display or teaching, telling an exciting adventure. One of first to film a battle - in the 1912-13 Balkan War - Wilkins was on the early polar expeditions of Stefansson and Shackleton. In a real-life adventure evoking Jules Vernes’ 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, Wilkins arranged a 1931 voyage in a disarmed submarine, equipped with a custom drill to bore through the Arctic ice pack. This 1957 cover, from Wilkins’ last trip to Antarctica, is now scarce, much more so than his covers of the 1920s and ‘30s. He died the following year; the Wilkins Coast, Wilkins Ice Shelf, and Wilkins Sound are all named for him. $130-170

25-11. Packard Diesel Aircraft Engine – Tested by Lindbergh.

1930 Packard catalogue for their 982 cu. in. diesel aircraft motor, using “fire-safe fuel.” 8 ¹/2 x 11, (16) pp., red and black on ivory leatherette-textured cover. Stylized art of motor in metallic gold. Cobalt-blue, black, and duotone text. Profusely illus. with over 35 crisp photos of engine, components, factory equipment. “And now the hitherto impossible,” applying diesel principle “for every-day flight use!...Radio interference fully eliminated.” Photo of Lindbergh scrutinizing monoplane with Packard engine, having “operated it in the air.” Detailed specs include metallurgy which is probably unmatched today. Dust-toning of covers, two pink stains on blank back cover, very lightly rubber-stamped “Return to Blackboard Room” on cover, centerfold pulled from staples, uniform light ivory toning, else internally very good. $75-100

26-1. A Menagerie of Barnum Books.

Group of four books about P.T. Barnum: Rare salesman’s sample of Life of Barnum - The Greatest Showman, “A Remarkable Story, abounding in Fascinating Incidents, Thrilling Episodes, and Marvelous Achievements, Written by himself. To which is added The Art of Money Getting....” Published by H.J. Smith & Co., n.d. but shortly after Barnum’s death in 1891, 5 ¹/4 x 7 ³/4, eccentrically paginated with representative segment of about 100 pp. (as intended), numerous full-page woodcut illustrations. Elaborately pictorial covers, gilt and midnight blue artwork on teal buckram, the front board with gold medallion portrait of Barnum peering through circus carriage, with elephant and camel caravan. On back board, a weightlifter, clown, and circus soldier. Considerable wear, some scuffing and soiling, text shaken, some foxing, but understandably much-handled by prospective buyers, pondering whether to spend $2 for the “full morocco” edition. “Caution: The country is being flooded with unreliable catchpenny Lives of Barnum. Do not be deceived. See that the book you buy is written by Barnum himself....” • The Mighty Barnum - A Screen Play, by Gene Fowler and Bess Meredyth, published by Twentieth Century Pictures, Hollywood, 1934. 5 ¹/2 x 8 ¹/4, 240 pp., green- and black-stamped orange cloth, d.j. Fascinating photographic stills from the movie. Bold signature in purple ink on flyleaf of Alton Ketchum, celebrated advertising copywriter and creative director, author, collector, antiquarian, and scholar. D.j. with some soiling and tears, fore-edge foxing, else fine. Very scarce thus. • Selected Letters of P.T. Barnum, edited and introduced by A.H. Saxon, Columbia University Press, 1983. 6 x 9 ¹/4, 351 pp., cloth, d.j. Curious manuscript card inserted by Ketchum, “Carved chair from the Barnum Estate...1966,” with a Bridgeport, Conn. address. V.G./V.F. • The Unknown Barnum, Harvey W. Root, Harper & Brothers, 1927, 376 pp., blue cloth. Deckled edges, plates. Outer hinges split, some cover wear, internally very fine and clean. $150-175 (4 pcs.)

26-2. The Enigma of Arthur Cowan – Real or Fiction?

Intriguing quartet of books by or referencing the mysterious Philadelphia attorney Arthur W.A. Cowan, who lived a secret life and died under strange circumstances, in a Rolls-Royce in Spain. Born 1905, his past variously included Harvard Law School, residence in prewar Hawaii, a foray in The Philippines, representing “gambling interests” before various Senate committees, patron of poets, and other adventures: In the Matter of the Trust of Emma Dreier, by Cowan. U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, 9th Circuit, on appeal from Supreme Court of Territory of Hawaii. Printed in San Francisco, c. Apr. 1932. Cowan one of three attorneys for a claimant in this complex, messy dispute involving multiple prospective heirs. Itemizing Dreier’s numerous Hawaiian stocks and bonds. Cowan’s Hawaiian-themed Deco bookplate. Burgundy flexible leatherette. Some cover creases, else very good. ViaLibri.net finds no copies. • Substantial volume of Cowan’s original poetry, Beachgirl - A Book of Poems, 1933, Honolulu imprint, (139) pp., 5 ¹/2 x 8 ¹/4, softbound. Many poems with tropical themes; a few with cummings-esque lower case and creative typesetting. Understandably printed in a very limited run, and now rare. ViaLibri.net finds no copies. • Justice for Rubinstein!, by Cowan, slender reprint by permission of Philadelphia Bar Association, 1940, 4 pp., orange wrapper. Cowan’s O. Henry-like story of a Jewish emigre to an unnamed tropical island, and how an ethical lawyer thwarted a real estate operator from cheating him. Edge tears, creases, but satisfactory. ViaLibri.net finds no copies. • Pentimento, a memoir by Lillian Hellman, paperback, first printing, 1973. The romantic partner of Dashiell Hammett, Hellman here devotes a chapter to “a rich lawyer, Arthur W.A. Cowan, who imposes his company on her over the course of several decades, constantly trying to buy her friendship with lavish gifts...Hammett does not like him much....” Following Hammett’s passing, Cowan and Hellman gained title to all of Hammett’s literary copyrights. “Cowan becomes involved with a mysterious government agency which may or may not be the CIA, and in 1964 he dies in a no less mysterious automobile accident in Spain....”--In Commentary magazine, by Samuel McCracken, June 1984. At his funeral, friends remarked, “If you were in trouble in a dark alley, Arthur was the man you wanted to have behind you....His courage was limitless and he was a brave patriot....” Extensive modern research accompanies. $65-90 (4 pcs.)

26-3. Very Scarce Inscription of R. Buckminster Fuller.

Book, Earth, Inc., by R. Buckminster Fuller, celebrated architect, engineer, futurist, and philosopher; creator of Geodesic Dome. Paperback, Anchor Books, 1973, 5 ¹/4 x 8 ¹/4, 180 pp. Inscribed in black felt pen on front flyleaf to his niece, “To Sarah and Brooke / dearest love / Uncle Bucky / 6/5/1982.” Evidently Sarah Willets Abbott, also one of his chief assistants, and later chief editor of his Synergetics project. Rubber stamp above of M.B. Maxwell, Groton, Mass. From rear cover, “some of Fuller’s most important recent writings on the subject of spaceship Earth: the big, interconnected, total system that is ‘the only one we’ve got.’...Humanity is acquiring the right technology for all the wrong reasons....” Minor superficial table rub on back cover, original “$2.95” label on front, else little handling (perhaps because his recipient-editor was already conversant with its content) and fine. Other than two similarly inscribed books, each recently online at 500.00, a delightful and scarce form of Fuller’s hand. $100-140

27-1. Ancient Coin – 400-375 B.C.

Greek, Corinthia (Corinth). AR Stater. Koppa/Aphlaston. ANACS VF 30. 21 mm, 8.60 g, 12 h. Pegasos flying right; koppa below. Reverse: head of Athena right, wearing Corinthian helmet; aphlaston behind. “Corroded,” presenting as fine-grain travertine-style texture, still displaying nicely, with some cartwheeling on Athena’s bulbous helmet. Dated during Corinthian War period, the important commercial city of Corinth joining Athens, Thebes and Argos, against Sparta. Corinth was later the scene of an early mission of St. Paul, in 52-54 A.D. An uncommon coin. McClean 6171 (same obverse die). Pegasi 246/2. Ravel 642-4 var. (P300/R–, unlisted reverse die). BCD Corinth –. SNG Copenhagen –. Enlarged image each side on website or by e-mail. $375-450

27-2. Ancient Coin – 84 B.C.

Roman Republic, Denarius, silver. Licinius, L.f. Macer. 84 B.C. Quarter size. Diademed and draped bust of Vejovis left, hurling thunderbolt. Reverse: Minerva driving galloping quadriga right. Much off center, on slightly elliptical flan, giving striking appearance, with irridescent topaz toning around edges. Die crack at 11 o’clock, into forehead, else judged about EF 45 (unslabbed), the delicate detail of Minerva’s plume, reins, and horse’s rear legs well defined. Crawford 354/1. Licinia 16. RBW 1355. Sydenham 732. In old Harmer Rooke flip, c. 1970s. $140-170

27-3. Ancient Coin – 117-138 A.D.

Roman Republic, Denarius, bronze. Hadrian, 117-138 A.D. Bust facing right. “Hadrianus Avg[vgtvs] Cosiii PP”; “Salus Avg” on reverse, standing left, holding patera and scepter, feeding serpent rising from altar. ⁵/8” diam. Obverse with some brighter undertones on bust and beaded rim, details of hair well defined; reverse with some brightened beads, else both sides with deep warm bronze patination, probably dug, and judged Fine/V.G. 1960s dealer’s price card and envelope marked 17.50. An uncommon variety, sans “Cosiii” on reverse; only one of the 51 Hadrians on offer at ma-shops.com matches this style, but in silver only (C.1328 (2f.). RIC (Roman Imperial Coinage) 268. BMC/RE 721. RSC 1328. H.1/576.) $55-70

27-4. Ancient Coin – 161-180 A.D.

Roman Empire. Denarius, silver, Marcus Aurelius, 161-180 A.D. “M Antoninvs Avg...,” ¹¹/16” diam. Reverse: Salus standing left, holding patera and scepter, feeding serpent rising from altar. As emperor, Marcus was noted for the “episode of the Thundering Legion...(and) fought barbarians...A man of gentle character and wide learning, yet an opponent of Christianity...”--Webster’s Biographical. Characteristic original die breaks along edges, else his likeness retaining good detail, light-normal smoothing of high spots, pleasing lustre with matte fields and glossy devices; some characters softened or spread, else obverse appearing Very Fine, reverse Good. In c. 1970s flip with basic attribution by noted numismatists Harmer Rooke, 57th St., N.Y. This variant not among some 51 listings of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus coins at ma-shops.com. $65-85

27-5. Ancient Coin – 193-211 A.D.

Roman Empire. Denarius, silver. Lucius Septimius Severus. Jove (Jupiter). ¹¹/16” diam. Quaestor under Marcus Aurelius, Severus was commander in chief of army, and proclaimed Emperor by the soldiers. Overcoming rivals at Rome, Syria, and Gaul, “his reign considered the golden age of jurists”--Webster’s Biographical. Obverse: charismatic likeness, bust facing right, Zeus-like hair, “Severvs Pius Avg.” Reverse: standing Jove, facing left, left arm on thigh, right arm holding trident spear, “Pmt ppxvii cos iiii.” Jove - a.k.a. Jupiter - was king of the gods, and god of sky and thunder, in Roman mythology. He is considered the equivalent of the Greek pantheon’s Zeus. As patron deity of ancient Rome, Jupiter was grandfather of Romulus and Remus - founders of Rome, son of Saturn, father of Mars and Mercury, and brother of Neptune and Pluto. Usual original “apple pie” die breaks, else fields with uniform storm-grey patina, slightly lighter cameo-like devices, and judged about V.F./V.G. Elusive variety, not found among some 127 “Severus and Jupiter” coins on ma-shops. $45-65

27-6. Ancient Coin – 222-235 A.D.

Roman Empire. Denarius, silver. Alexander Severus. ³/4” diam. Adopted and created caesar, Alexander advanced to Emperor the following year – at age about 14. “Reigned in peace for some years...(In 234) set out to subdue revolt of Germans; waylaid and killed by mutinous soldiers. Just and wise ruler; pagan, but reverenced Christian doctrines”-Webster’s Biographical. Obverse: wreathed bust, facing right, “Imp Alexander Pivs Avg.” Reverse: Jupiter, “Iovi Pro-P-Vgnatori,” a variant of RIC 235, Cohen 76. Obverse with natural shading of muted silvery highlights of bust; reverse with visually interesting, eccentric smooth and sparkly-granular silver spots, against deepest grey. Judged Fine/About Very good, with strongly struck legends. $65-85

27-7. Ancient Coin – 268-270 A.D.

Roman Empire. Marcus Aurelius Claudius Gothicus, a.k.a. Claudius II. Bronze. ⁵/8” diam. Obverse: draped bust right. Crudely rounded flan (with die cracks), affecting part of “Imp Clavdivs Avg” legend, almost suggesting that coin was clipped in tiny increments for small transactions. Reverse: “Fides Exerci,” standing with two signa, one transverse; sans “X” in field. In his short reign, the victor of two great battles, in northern Italy, and vanquishing the Goths in Moesia (an ancient country extending to the Black Sea, with parts of modern-day Serbia and Bulgaria). Somewhat artistic L-shape jade-green verdigris from his ear radiating to 4 and 7 o’clock; roundish puff of verdigris on reverse center; both obvious but not objectionable, lending character. Else details Very Fine/Fine, and an interesting study piece from this brief imperial reign. $30-45

27-8. Ancient Coin – 295-306? A.D.

Roman Empire. On 1960s envelope: Constantius I, Trier (Treveri Mint, Germany). Copper. 1” diam., trifle teardrop shape, as made. Bust right, “Imp Constantivs Avg.” Reverse: Genius, standing left, holding horn of plenty. “Genio Popvli Romani”; reverse similar to RIC 147b (but that variety bears Maximianus I obverse, bust left, c. 294). Dug, heavy white and green oxidation, ebony tone; easily improved with proper conservation, but presently exactly as acquired in 1960s. Magnification required to study. About Good. Perhaps an uncommon variety. $25-40

27-9. Ancient Coin – 307-337 A.D.

Roman Empire. Constantine the Great. Copper. ⁷/8” diam. Lyon (Lugdunum). Obv.: laureate bust right, “Imp Constantinus Avg.” Rev.: Sol standing, head left, extending arm and holding globe, “Soli Invicto Comiti...,” “S F” in field. Fine verdigris speckling on portions of both sides, rich brown-black tone, obverse with particularly strong strike. Judged about Fine/V.G. $35-45

27-10. Ancient Coin – 317-326 A.D.

Roman Empire. Crispus, son of Constantine the Great. Nicomedia (founded 264 B.C. as capital of ancient country of Bithynia, with a complex history, prominent after Constantinople became capital of Eastern Roman Empire; today known as Ismit, Turkey). Copper. ⁵/8” diam. Obv.: laureate bust left, “FL IVL Crispvs Nob Caes.” Rev.: camp gate with two turrets and open doorway, star above, “Providen / tiae Caess / MNB.” Bright verdigris on two letters (plus one small spot) on reverse; hint of pale green in obv. fields, lending a pleasing complement to warm brown. A good strike, showing little wear, and judged A.U. Similar to RIC 91. A superior specimen of an uncommon coin. $45-65

27-11. Relics from Ruins of an Ancient City.

Three artifacts from archæological dig on site of Roman consul’s villa in Tunis, North Africa, in the core of ancient Carthage. C. 2nd cent. B.C.-5th cent. A.D. Comprising: cluster of whitish mosaic tiles, with interesting conglomeration as binder. 1 ¹/8 x 1 ⁷/8 irregular. • Single tile, ¹/2 x ³/4. • Urn handle, clay, delicate desert-rose coloration, ¹/2 x 2 ¹/2 arc. A fearsome power, Carthage controlled much of the western Mediterranean, including Spain to Sicily. Utterly destroyed in the bitter Punic Wars with Rome, it became site of a colony founded by Caesar in 44 B.C., remaining in Roman hands until vanquished by the Vandals. The villa - and the city-state - were again later destroyed, by earthquake. In 697 A.D., it was taken by Arabs, evolving into a notorious Barbary state. Fine. Provenance: collection of Alton Ketchum, celebrated advertising copywriter and creative director, author (biographer of Uncle Sam), Presidential speechwriter, collector, antiquarian, and scholar. $125-175 (3 pcs.)

27-12. Cedars from Lebanon – within a Medieval Fragment.

Manuscript cutting from c. 1247 Parisian Bible leaf, a partial column with continuation of II Chronicles (II Paralipomenon), Chapter 2, as Solomon begins to build his temple: “Send me also cedars and fir trees and pine trees from Libanus....” 3 ¹/2 x 4 ³/4, In Latin, in fine Gothic book hand, deep mahogany on eggshell vellum. One side with delicate sidebars in alternating aquamarine and brilliant red, with simple 2” plume in blue; verso in mahogany. Blue pigment was as expensive as gold in the Middle Ages. Made from crushing semi-precious lapis lazuli, it was imported in long, perilous journeys from Afghanistan. Generous margin and two rules at bottom of each side. Band of light semi-translucent toning at lower blank right, else very fine, and a charming item. Finding medieval fragments with specific favorite verse can be challenging. $100-140

27-13. A Foundation of Modern-Day Law: 6th Century Legal Text, cited in a 13th Century Manuscript.

A fascinating item: Nearly complete manuscript leaf, in Latin. Germany, early 13th century, 5 ¹/2 x 10 ³/4, penned both sides. 41 lines, double columns, in a charming, petit Gothic hand. Several one-line initials in red or blue. Containing part of Book 39 of Justinian the Great’s 6th-century Digest, issued 529 to 534 A.D., containing excerpts of legal opinions of early Roman jurists. Here relating to property, offering guidance on situations in which a neighboring house threatens injury, or encroaches on another’s property. Overlapping some twenty years of warfare pitting nearly all of Europe against barbarians, Justinian sought to preserve Roman law for future generations. These efforts included compilation of the Digest, as part of Corpus Iuris Civilis (Body of Civil Law). The onset of the Dark Ages led to near-extinction of such manuscripts - and the knowledge they imparted. “The Digest left almost no trace in any legal collection, and was practically forgotten during the 7th through 10th centuries ...We know little of how the Corpus Iuris was rediscovered, particularly the Digest, which was essential to the understanding of Roman legal thought. Manuscripts containing the Digest were rare. Only one complete manuscript survives from before the 12th century, the Codex Florentinus...of c. 600...”--Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages. Serendipitously these texts were resurrected from a world of widespread ignorance and destruction, and from the 12th century onward, the Corpus Iuris - including the Digest - exerted a profound effect on development of both civil and canon law. Recovered from a binding, with interesting adhesions of printed paper remnants along edges, and offsetting from a woodblock print. Considerable variable tortoise-shell browning, from tea to deep coffee tones (perhaps once perilously close to the roaring fire in a castle’s great hall); staining, some wrinkling, uneven edges affecting contemporary marginal notations in top margins (though main text intact), paper remnants affecting a few words, few small holes and ink erosion, but still in presentable condition, with considerable eyecatching patina, the ink dark. Ancient and seminal secular text in a mediæval manuscript is relatively uncommon, and sometimes prohibitively costly; the vast majority of mediævals bear ecclesiastical content. In this respect, the present manuscript would make a suitable cornerstone in a collection of legal history. Justinian’s reign, in modern retrospect, has been termed the “most brilliant of (the) Eastern Empire,” the Corpus Iuris becoming “the foundation of actual law in most of continental Europe today.”--Webster’s Biographical. Request scans of both sides. $750-900

28-1. Incunabula: A Significant Collection. Rich panorama

of 64 different printed leaves of the fifteenth century, capturing the inception and development of moveable type, the printed word, and the book in the Western world, perhaps the seminal event spurring modern civilization.

Representing a range of printers - many noted - and of towns, cities, and regions, showing their respective contributions to printing innovations and styles. A number of the printers represented here are not routinely encountered on the market.

Locales include Mainz and Cologne, the first and second cities, respectively, where printing began in Europe, together with leaves printed in Augsburg, Basel, Florence, Freiburg, Lyon, Mantua, Nuremberg, Paris, Rome, Speyer, Strasbourg, Ulm, and Venice.

The invention of moveable type and the printing press in the West spurred the spread of knowledge in an unprecedented fashion. Enabling “mass distribution” (though quantities of the early books were usually small by modern standards), book production revolutionized not only communication, but the propagation of venerable ideas and thought. For the first time, works of olde could not only be carried forward from their manuscript form, but reinvigorated through circulation to audiences on a large scale.

Among the 64 items:

• Original leaf from Aurelius Augustinus, De Civitate Dei (City of God). Printed at Rome, 1468, by Conrad Sweynheym and Arnold Pannartz. 11 x 15 ¹/2. Single column in elegant Roman typeface, now recognized as the earliest truly Roman font. Two 2-line initials in red and blue. Three lines of text and side notes penned in an early calligraphic hand. One faint marginal stain, very minor edge damage, else fine, clean, and bright. “Aside from Gutenberg and his immediate associates, there are no figures more important in the early history of printing than Sweynheym and Pannartz, the earliest printers outside Germany. First at Subiaco and later in Rome, they produced an imposing catalogue of first editions of ancient authors, which for the first time systematically exploited the potential of the new technology as a means for disseminating humanistic texts to a large audience. Even though Sweynheym and Pannartz produced more than fifty different editions, their press runs were normally only 275 copies. Consequently, their books are now very rare, and complete copies are extravagantly priced.--Text credit: pirages.com. Goff, Incunabula in American Libraries A-1231; BMC IV, 5.

• de Lyra’s Postilla Super Biblia Cum Additionibus Pauli Burgen (Afterword about the Holy Bible...). Printed at Strasbourg, Germany by Johann Mentelin, 1472, a contemporary of Gutenberg. Mentelin produced the first German-language Bible in 1466. 11 x 16. Double column Latin text in Antique Gothic.

• Jacobus de Gruytrude, Lavacrum Conscientiae (A Font of Knowledge), printed at Augsburg, Germany, by Johann Froschauer, between 1475-1480. 6 x 8.

• Marchesianus’ Mammotractus Super Bibliam, completed on Christmas Eve 1476. Printed by Conrad Winters de Hoemborch at Cologne, Germany, the second city, after Mainz, where printing commenced in the West). Forty-line double column Latin text in a Gothico-Antiqua typeface, pointed in red throughout. Works from this printer are uncommon. 8 ¹/2 x 11. British Museum Catalog (BMC) I, 245; Goff, M-235; Hain-Coppinger, Index, No. 1.

• Biblia, Das Ist (The Bible, in German). Printed at Augsburg by Gunther Zainer, 1477. 11 x 16, double column German text. Zainer set up the first press in Augsburg in 1468; the city became the most important printing center in Germany.

• Lucanus’ Pharsalia, printed at Venice by Guerinus. Finished on May 14, 1477, the only book known produced by this printer. 7 ¹/2 x 11 ¹/4.

• Biblia Latina (The Bible, in Latin), printed at Venice by Nicolaus Jenson in 1479. Having learned printing from Gutenberg and his contemporaries at Mainz, the French Jenson was the first to set up shop in Venice. In his own modified Gothic typeface, with hand-painted rubrication in red on each side. 9 x 12 ¹/2.

• Guillaume Durand’s Rationale Divinorum Officiorum (On the Meaning of Divine Offices). The French canonist was one of the great authorities on Western liturgy, here a discussion of Christian ritual. Printed by Hermann of Liechtenstein at Venice, 1480, one of many expatriates who enjoyed the freedom of the City of Canals. Hand rubrication in red and blue, typical of Renaissance Venetian work. 8 x 12.

• Flavius Blondus’ Historiarum Ab Inclinatione Romanorum Imperii Decades (Of the History of the Roman Empire from its Founding), completed July 16, 1483 at Venice. A non-religious work by the expatriate Scottish printer Octavianus Scotus, another of the printers drawn to Venice. In newly-devised Roman type. 8 ³/4. x 11 ¹/2.

• Formularium Instrumentorium Ad Usum Curiae Romanae. Canon rites by Dutch printer Stephen Plannck, in Rome, 1484, who would later (in 1493) print the first account of Columbus’ discovery of the New World.

• Bernhard von Breydenbach, Perigrinatio in Terram Sanctum. Mainz: [Peter Schoffer? for] Erhard Reuwich, 1486. Section headings underlined and capitals in red. Goff states this edition was printed using Peter Schoffer’s type.

• Libri Chronicarum, an early work of European history – one of the first illustrated books, better known as the Nuremberg Chronicle – by Hartman Schedel, printed 1493 by Anton Köberger, Nuremberg. With illustration and description of Halley’s Comet; the cut is a stock illustration also used elsewhere in the book, but it is the first printed illustration of Halley’s Comet, previously seen in 1456. 11 x 17.

• Eight additional leaves from Nuremberg Chronicle. including numerous kings, a large, hand-colored illustration of a 7-branch Jewish candelabra, the French countryside, a full-page illustrated genealogical chart of German emperors, an index leaf with oversize, pearled 8-line hand-painted initial for letter “R.”

• Leaf from pirated edition of Nuremberg Chronicle, printed at Augsburg by Johann Schonsperger, 1497. Capitals and paragraph markers touched in red.

• Johannes Antonius Campanus' Opera (The Works), printed Rome, 1495, by Eucharius Silber, for Michael Fernus. A German by birth, Silber’s shop in the Eternal City printed over 200 books between 1480 and 1509.

• A rare imprint from the famous Aldine Press: Angelus Politanus’ Omnia Opera (All the Works), leaf printed at Venice by Aldus Manutius, July, 1498. Manutius is considered one of the greatest of all printers, creating several modernized typefaces which became standard in Europe. This work one of the best from his celebrated publishing house.

• And many more.

Belying the visual attractiveness of these leaves was the fact that printing was a financially perilous and unstable occupation. A number of the iconic personages, including Gutenberg, had legal problems; their movement from city to city was sometimes made necessary to escape debtors, or even enemies. This dynamic further shows the complexity of the spread of this new technology of book printing, to the many locales represented in the collection.

Eminently suited as a teaching collection, for display, for the antiquarian collector or the student of civilization, the humanities, and religion. A substantial but manageable leaf collection, its affordability unburdened by excessively costly examples. Complete books are often rare, sometimes uncollectibly so, and often exhorbitantly expensive. (No sound books were broken to form this collection.)

Notwithstanding their antiquity, there remains much for the researcher to discover of the history of the printed book, and of the lives and times of many of these printers.

Attractively presented, each item with a descriptive slip of attribution, some moderately detailed, and with bibliographic citations where available. In individual acid-free protectors, grouped in new acid-free portfolios, the items easily reorganized for show or storage. Some leaves understandably with varied wear, stains, or aging, but no defects significant, and generally good plus to very fine-plus condition. Request lengthy prospectus for full details, condition report, and attributions, gratis. $3100-4200 (64 different pcs., each with identification)

28-2. Early Printed Leaves: A Substantial, Curated Collection. Splendid assemblage

of 83 printed leaves of the sixteenth century, reflecting the continuing maturation of printing, now with its own aesthetic, beyond the rudiments of ink on paper. In this, the height of the Renaissance, the printed book developed its own place amidst beautiful art, architecture, and literature.

Representing a range of printers - many noted - and of towns, cities, and regions, showing their respective influences on printing innovations and styles.

Leaves include literary, musical, and secular texts, some important, together with Biblical leaves representing Old and New Testaments, and examples of pioneer printers, typographers, and presses. Languages including Bohemian, Early Modern English, Low German, Greek, Hebrew, Latin, Old French, and Spanish. Printers include, just to name a few, Barker, Brittanicus (Lewis of England), John Day, de Benedictus, Froben, Giunta, Hugo of Porto, Richard Jugge, Manutius, Plantin, Renault, Johannes Schotlus (John of Scotland), et al.

The aesthetic and technological wonders showcased here are many: Book arts, illustration, layout and design, formerly the cloistered purview of the scriptorium, sprang to life in the new medium of printing. The conventions refined in these formative centuries, of formatting, visual balance, and what much later came to be called art and type direction, firmly established the style sheets, and indeed the means of comprehension by which ideas were presented to the reader. Many of the leaves feature then-new fonts, variously artful, charming, and clear, revolutionizing the transmission of the printed word. Indeed, these leaves provide a baseline of the technology, communication, and culture of the Renaissance, their design principles persisting to the present day.

Among the 83 items:

• Original leaf from Biblij Czeska W Benatkach Tisstena (The Bible in Bohemian) printed at Venice, Italy by Peter Liechtenstein, 1506. 8 ³/4 x 12 ¹/4. Extensively rubricated with four 3-line hand-painted Uncial letters, and text emphases in red and blue. A very early example of printing in Bohemian; the text is the latest revision of the first Bible printed in Bohemia in 1488, and was prepared by Hus and his followers. The cost was financed by three wealthy merchants of Prague, for use of the Ultraquist sect.

• Leaf on vellum from printed Book of Hours. Printed at Paris, by Thielmann-Kerver(?), c. 1510. Six 2-line initials in liquid gold on red and blue grounds. Similar one-line capitals at the beginning of each prayer. Illuminated panel border the full height of text, with acanthus leaves and branches on gold and sepia grounds.

• Martial’s Epigrammata Libri XIIII, printed at Venice, by George de Ruscony of Milan, 1514. From an illustrated edition of the Roman author’s witticisms. A good example of revival of Classical learning during the Renaissance, produced under patronage of the Venetian Doge Leonardo Lauredan. With wood engraving.

• From an intriguing religious work printed at Nuremberg, 1514. An early German vernacular leaf printed in Gothic Letter, with hand-painted color emphases at beginning of sentences. Only part of the colophon survived; the printer’s first name was Frederick, but his last name is believed lost to history.

• Arnobii In Commentarios Suis Super Psalmos, edited by Erasmus. A commentary on Psalms of David, printed at Basel, by famed Swiss printer Froben, 1522.

• The Golden Legend, Caxton’s English-language translation, printed at London, 1527, by England’s second printer, Wynkyn de Worde (Caxton the first).

• Biblia Cum Concordantiis Veteris Et Novi Testamenti, printed for widow of Johannes Crespi at Lyon, France, 1546. Unrecorded in Darlow & Moule.

• P. Ovidii Nasonis Opers Quae Vocantur Amatoria. A printing of Ovid’s Art of Love for which he was banished from court. Printed at Basel by Heruagius, 1549.

• Ioannis Stobaei Sententiae… (The Works of John of Stobi). Printed by Johann Operini at Basel, completed Aug. 1549. John of Stobi, the 5th century Macedonian compiler, quoted hundreds of ancient authors who would otherwise be unknown today.

• Sebastian Muenster’s De La Cosmographie Universelle, an early gazetteer by the renowned German cartographer and theologian (1489-1552). This leaf from the illustrated Swiss vernacular edition in Old French, printed in Basel, 1555.

• Music: Psalmodia, Cantica Sacra…, printed at Viteberg by George Rhau, 1561. Psalms set to music; ancient square note musical notation. Evolved from traditional Psalter of the Middle Ages; with the Protestant Reformation came the need for revised editions. Scarcer work, not in collection of British Museum.

• Herbal by foremost printer-scholar of the period, Christophe Plantin: Full-page woodcut of a plant, from Dodoneus’ Flora Et Coriniarum Odoratumque Et Historia…, printed at Antwerp, 1568/69.

• Rembert Dodoens’ A Niewe Herball, or Historie of Plantes, printed by Henry Loe, Antwerp, 1578. From the first English edition of one of the classic 16th-century herbals.

• The Wholebooke of Psalmes, Collected into English Meter…, printed by Christopher Barker, London, the official printer to Court of Queen Elizabeth, 1582. Multiple lines of square note musical notation.

• A masterpiece of Elizabethan printing: leaf from the edition consulted by Shakespeare for the historical material in many of his plays, The First and second Volumes of Chronicles…First collected and published by Raphaell Holinshead…, printed in London “at the expense of Iohn Harrison...at the sign of the Starre,” 1587.

• Biblia Hebraicorum. Id est Pars tertia (The Hebrew Bible, Part III). Printed by Johannes Saxonur, Hamburg, 1587. Hebrew language text, this leaf from Book of Ezra.

• And many more.

Ready to serve as a teaching collection, for display, for the antiquarian collector or the student of civilization, the humanities, and religion. A substantial but manageable suite of leaves, its affordability unburdened by excessively costly examples. Complete books are often rare, sometimes uncollectibly so, and often exhorbitantly expensive. (No sound books were broken to form this collection.)

Attractively presented, each item with a descriptive slip of attribution, some moderately detailed, and with reference citations where available. In individual acid-free protectors, grouped in new acid-free portfolios, the items easily reorganized for show or storage. Some leaves understandably with varied wear, stains, or aging, but no defects significant, and generally good plus to very fine-plus condition. Request lengthy prospectus for full details, condition report, and attributions, gratis. $1400-1900 (83 different pcs., each with identification)

28-3. Leaves from the First Complete Spanish Bible Printed in America.

Although Spaniards were the first Europeans to colonize the New World, no Bible was printed in the Spanish language in any part of North, Central, or South America before 1819 (when a New Testament was printed). In 1824, the first complete Bible in Spanish was printed, in New York, by A. Chandler. Five leaves from this Bible, 5 ¹/2 x 8 ¹/2. One leaf with parts of Isaiah 37-40, and two consecutive pair from Jeremiah 36-40 and 42-47. Light tortoise-shell toning, else very good plus. With modern photocopy of title page. $140-180 (5 pcs.)

28-4. When the Legal Language of England was ... French.

Gathering of 4 consecutive leaves, 1629, from the first textbook (2nd ed.) on modern common law: legal statutes of Olde England in their original Norman French, with explanations in Latin Black-letter and English, charmingly arranged in 1, 2, or 3 columns, variously. From First Part of Institutes of the Lawes of England, by legal scholar Edward Coke, printed by John More, London. 7 ¹/4 x 11 ¹/4. Some of Norman French passages in lovely italics with ligatures and swash characters. French was spoken in England by the Norman conquerors, “gaining legal and administrative currency after accession of Eleanor of Aquitane as queen (in) 1152...”--Webster’s New World Dictionary. Norman French actually became the legal jargon of England - known as “Law French” - until the late 17th century. Manuscripts in Norman French are excessively rare on the market; these attractive printed leaves are much less expensive representatives of a forgotten heritage. Graduated marginal toning, else very fine. ESTC S113341. STC 15785. $75-100 (4 pcs.)

29-1. The “Most Complicated” Bank Fraud on Earth – 1809.

Newspaper, Pennsylvania Gazette, Philadelphia, May 17, 1809, 4 pp., with extensive front-page coverage of a devious scheme to defraud the Merchant’s Bank of N.Y. “The Mayor, in charging the jury, observed that the juridical history of no country on Earth could furnish an instance of more refined stratagem or more complicated fraud....” Describes how a cabinetmaker in New York became the victim of a scheme involving counterfeit bank checks. Also, single survivor of a shipwreck “who had preserved a precarious existence for a number of days by feeding upon the bodies of his comrades.” However, none of the sailors on the ship that rescued him would have anything to do with him, “on account of the diet he had fed upon....” Chemist’s laboratory near Philadelphia burns down; arson suspected, as a black boy had previously tried to poison the chemist and his wife. Ad for runaway white indentured servant. Much foxing, lower right corner of pp. 1-2 lacking affecting parts of 4 lines on front, and 3 on verso, else satisfactory condition. The Gazette was once printed by Ben Franklin. $45-55

29-2. Cornering Gold: The Man behind Black Friday.

Highly interesting group of three related Jay Gould items, two signed by him: Partly printed appointment of Henry A. Lockwood as attorney for Danl. S. Miller, witnessed by Jay Gould. N.Y.C., Feb. 17, 1868, 5 x 8, on pastel blue laid sheet. To sell 1 share of Troy, Salem & Rutland Rail Road Co. Persimmon wafer seal beside Miller’s signature. Fine example of Scott #R44, red (actually cocoa) 25¢ “certificate” revenue stamp, full perfs, pen cancelled by attorney “H.A.L(ockwood).” Right-angle tear of paper visible on verso (but not affecting stamp), perhaps incurred when originally affixed with a trifle heavy touch. Signatures in coffee-and-cream, light toning of blank bottom margin, else about fine, and attractive. • A.D.S. within text, entirely in Gould’s hand, 1 pp. plus Henry Lockwood’s signature on verso as a receipt. 5 ¹/4 x 8, on letterhead of “Office of Rensselaer & Saratoga R.R. Co.,” Troy, N.Y., n.d. but imprinted “186_” and probably 1868, as it mentions the Troy, Salem & Rutland Rail Road in first item in this lot. “Received of Jay Gould certificate No. 1 of Rensselaer & Saratoga R.R. Co. for 2558 Shares of Stock, also certificate No. 1 for 1260 Shares of the non-voting stock...to be sent to said Gould in lots of 100 shares each as follows...by mail after...resolution of...R.R. Board on Tues. next. In case of any failure the stock & Broker to be succeeded him & he is to stand same as he stands at present with his Troy, Salem & Rutland intents in entirety.” Dust- and sun-toned top portion affecting printed “Office of...” line, and last line of manuscript text, old folds, else very good. • Ornately steel-engraved loan certificate, “State of N.Y. Transfer Office - Genesee Valley Canal,” Oct. (30), 1837, 7 ¹/4 x 9 ¹/2. Samuel Fleurwelling lending $2000, payable in 1860. Two round medallions with cherub, and elaborate cartouche “New-York State Stock”; engraved by Rawdon, Wright & Hatch. Two large arrowhead cut cancels in printed text, both signatures and some manuscript text abraded, removing paper, perhaps to ensure non-negotiability. Uniform toning, and good. Association with Gould unknown, but present with two Gould items above, and kept together for posterity. From humble beginnings as a country store clerk, by his early twenties Gould was trying his hand at stock market manipulation. With his partners James Fisk and Daniel Drew, he wrested control of the Erie Railroad from Vanderbilt, looting its treasury. A year later, in 1869, Gould attempted to corner the gold market, triggering Black Friday, the cinematic event still studied by economic historians to this day. Gould also amassed holdings in railroads, the N.Y. Herald, and Western Union Telegraph. Despite his proverbial finger in so many pies, Gould-signed material is uncommon. Also see following lot. $1700-2400 (3 pcs.)

30-1. One Week before Custer – The Forgotten Massacre.

Eerie printed Special Orders no. 4, H.Q. Dept. of Calif., San Francisco, Jan. 7, 1871, 1 p., 6 ¹/2 x 8, signed in ink by 2nd Lt. E(dward) R. Theller. Naming officers to meet at Presidio “to appraise such of the public horses to be sold under recent orders from the War Dept...to purchase for their own use....” After serving in the Civil War, Theller fought in the 1873 Modoc Indian War. On June 17, 1877 - a week and a day before Custer’s Last Stand - Theller and his entire command of eighteen men were killed, becoming the first casualties of the Nez Perce War, in the Battle of White Bird Canyon. Near the mouth of White Bird Creek in Idaho, he and his men were trapped in a box canyon. All perished. Perhaps the news did not reach Custer. Light tea-colored toning at blank left margin, else surprisingly fresh and excellent. Theller’s autographic material is understandably rare. $80-110

30-2. Custer’s Last Stand: “The Terrible Slaughter – Who Is Responsible?”

Captivating collection of over fifty newspapers, full year 1876, including complete coverage of the prelude to the Custer massacre, the battle itself, and the aftermath, with other Custer and Centennial-year content: Democratic Register, Sing Sing (Ossining), N.Y. Large narrow folio, old marbled boards. Weekly. 12 x 19, 8 pp. ea. Custer is first found in the issue of May 10, 1876, in a third-column item entitled, “Value of Discipline,” prophetically quoting him on the confusion at 1st Bull Run. • On May 31, a closely-set half-column article is ironically entitled, “The Truth of History - Custer on M’Clellan,” on “Custer’s greatest sin.” • In an astonishing circumstance, an article, “The Warriors of the Plains,” appears the very week before news of the massacre, describing the Sioux – who would clash with Custer. (The battle had actually already occurred, but took some two weeks to reach the East.) “The Sioux are probably in better fighting condition to-day than any other tribe of Indians in America...They have long expected a conflict with the whites, and with military sagacity have placed themselves on a war footing...The Indian chiefs...express great contempt for the fighting qualities of the soldiers, and speak of them in derision as squaws....” • In the next issue, July 12, the lead story: “The Terrible Slaughter - Who is Responsible?” “Somebody has blundered, and we fear that the administration of Pres. Grant has added another to its long list of fearful, if not wilfull, and guilty mistakes...It chills the blood....” Custer again appears in the same issue, in “Summary of News”: “...The savages surrounded Custer’s command on all sides, and although the little troop fought with the utmost desperation, they were all killed or wounded, including Custer, his two brothers, nephew and brother-in-law....” A third, and lengthy article on same page describes the battle between Sitting Bull’s Sioux and Gen. Crook. • The next week, a brief item, “How Custer was Killed.” • On Aug. 2, three additional articles, “The Death of Custer”: “Where was Custer?...” “After Rain-in-the-Face shot Gen. Custer he cut Custer’s heart out, placed it on a pole, and paraded with it....” • On Aug. 9, “How the Sioux Fight,” mentioning Custer’s mistaking tepees for a “family camp.” • On Aug. 16, long account of “The Little Big Horn Battle,” a dramatic, detailed, blood-curdling narrative of a witness.

In addition, a treasure trove of coverage of other events of the Gilded Age, scandals of Grant’s Presidency, opening of Philadelphia Centennial Exposition (with six woodcuts), the hotly contested election of 1876, and more. (Tilden was a local son - he later resided in a 99-room Gothic mansion in Yonkers - and was supported vigorously.) Subsequent issues contain further coverage of Indian massacres and the Indian Wars. Very first leaf of first Jan. issue lacking (and perhaps absent at time of binding, as small-town papers are generally rare, and the few (or sole) surviving copies of a given issue are often imperfect); balance three leaves of first issue (only) shaken and chipped. Other issues with occasional and unobjectionable light staining or toning, but fine to very fine. Occasional neat check marks in old soft pencil beside news items of local interest, probably by a historical society indexer. A fascinating, comprehensive chronicle of one of the most-remembered events of the nineteenth century, and a rare title. $1750-2250 (about 52 issues)

30-3. San Francisco Express – June 1865.

Charming “Truman & Co.’s Express / Office in S.F...,” with woodcut of coal-burning locomotive hauling mail car. #U58 entire, pink 3¢, Haller type FT13 frank. Manuscript date cancel “June 12th (18)65.” Four remnants of old glassine hinges on blank verso, average handling evidence, else very good. Old Haller value 475.00. $275-375

30-4. California Mail – May 1865.

“Paid / Wells, Fargo...” black frank, centered at top of laid, watermarked rich cream cover. Scott #U58 entire, Type “E” frank. Nicely struck green-blue oval handstamp, “Wells, Fargo & Co. / May 24 (1865) / Sac(ramento) Messenger.” 1 ¹/2” fragment of flap lacking, light edge tears along top where opened, minor crease blank lower right tip, else fine and pleasing. $100-150

30-5. Two Express Carriers on one Cover.

Ornate “Langton’s Pioneer Express / Paid” cornercard, Type 6, on #U58 entire. Conjunctive-use oval handstamps of both Langton’s (black) and Wells, Fargo (light green), the latter possibly Marysville (Yuba County). Interesting “Post Use” watermark. Contemporary “No. 15” on flap, indicating this enclosed an ongoing correspondence or transfer of money. Pencil signature “Howell” on verso, perhaps a collector. Remnants of two glassine hinges, flap torn near its curved tip where opened, else fine. A nice item. Old Haller value 400.00. $300-500

30-6. Same-Day Service!

Stylized “Paid / Bamber & Co.’s Express / W.B. Hardy’s Office / Oakland” (Calif.) cornercard, Type 3 frank, with #U58. Conjunctive-use handstamps of both Bamber (round strawberry pink) and Wells, Fargo, San Francisco (oval blue), both dated July 20. To “Mr. E.H. Walters, Care R.W. Brush, Stockton, Cal. / Lot 10.” Three remnants glassine hinges, some marginal crimping from undersize contents (not present), average soiling, else very good. $200-300

30-7. Wells, Fargo in Black and Purple.

“Wells, Fargo & Co.’s Express” black, Type “J” frank, on #U311, green 2¢ entire. Purple Wells, Fargo handstamp, “...Apr. 4, 1890 / San Francisco.” To Iron Works, Beal St., San Francisco. Flap cleanly removed, minor handling, else about fine. $50-75

30-8. Signed Photograph with Denver Imprint.

Strikingly attractive signed cabinet photo of Charles Page Bryan in his mid-twenties, lawyer, politician, McKinley’s Minister to China (taking the oath of office but withdrawing before taking office), diplomat to Brazil, Switzerland, Portugal, Belgium, and Japan, in 1911-12. Intriguing inscription on verso, in German, also believed in his hand, “Ich bin der Rheine Postillion.” Attractive imprint of J. Collier, Photographer, 415 Larimer St., Denver,” thus c. 1879-83, when Bryan served in Colorado’s House of Reps. Related to the Page and Lee families of Old Virginia, Moderate fingerprinting, more evident on buttercup-yellow verso; signature and inscription in dark brown, and very good and pleasing. $60-85

30-9. San Francisco in the Gilded Age.

Two items: Charming partly printed invoice, Hawley, Bowen & Co., Grocers, 215-217 Sutter St., San Francisco, Mar. 9, 1875, 7 x 8 ¹/2. Black on ivory, ruled in turquoise and dark pink. For “1 can Soup .50, 2 cans Exl. Beef 1.00, 1 can opener .50, 1 can Coffee .50, 1 alc(ohol) Lamp .75, 1 can Chicken 1.25, 3 Bxs. Figs .60, 2 cans Milk .50.” Sold to “Mr. Milldruno, Room J, Cosmopolitan Hotel.” At bottom in pencil, “Pay & charge to Room J....” Toning at top and two vertical folds, else V.G.. The range of canned goods available (albeit expensive) at this early date is interesting. • With quite fascinating, oversize magazine, The City Argus, San Francisco, Mar. 2, 1889, 10 ¹/4 x 13 ¹/2, 22 pp., splendid advertisements on all four sides of rose-quartz wrappers, including “Clothiers for the Human Race...924-928 Market St...,” “$300,000 Worth of Fine Shoes...812-814 Market St.,” “The Baldwin - Leading Hotel of San Francisco - The Most Elegantly Appointed Hotel in the World...,” “Diseases of Men...of a private nature - Quick Cure or no fee,” large ad of Carvill “Fine Carriages of every description” with woodcut of a single-seater, “New Panorama of the Battles of Vicksburg” with illustration of a Union soldier, and more. On p. 1, witty satirical “replies” from various corrupt local politicians, police brass, firemen, and civil service appointees, trying to explain their suspect performance, nepotism, and chicanery. Editorials on more misdeeds afoot: A judge has “discovered” that “the administration of justice in this country is not what it should be...detailing at length the delays, quibbles, quirks and quiddities, which are used by lawyers and courts to keep suits running....” Double-page Harper’s Weekly-style spread, with mezzotint portraits of fourteen “Prominent Members of the Calif. Legislature.” Another double-page spread with portraits of the two contestants in “Championship [pedestrian] Race of America - O’Connor vs. Gaudaur - for $2,000 - Mar. 3, 1889, Alameda Mole Course.” Both spreads drawn by noted California artist (Theodore) Boyd, known for his sheet music. Columns of “Snickers” (quite funny jokes). Lengthy “Artemus Ward’s Interview with Abraham Lincoln.” Separation of some leaves from pasted spine, very light occasional edge chipping, else about V.G. Highly entertaining. Though published for over a quarter century, hitting a then-impressive peak circulation of 5,000, the only random issues of the Argus found today are in the Calif. State Library and San Francisco Library. One issue recently listed at 600.00 by Periodyssey. $300-400 (2 pcs.)

30-10. Friend of Chief Sitting Bull – and Explorer of Montana and the Old West.

Crisp, flattering cabinet photograph of Western explorer and adventurer 1st Lt. George P. Ahern, in uniform, boldly signed on verso, “Sincerely yours...1st Lt. 25 Inf.” In another hand, “Recd. Apr. 20/(18)94 from Pach Bros.” “Pach Bros., 935 B’way, N.Y.” imprint on front lower mount. Bright gilt on beveled edges. Chief Sitting Bull, for whom Ahern served as secretary, gave him the title of Chief Two Crows for his kindness in dealing with the Indians. Earlier, Ahern explored the last block of unmapped territory in Montana. Seeking a pass over the Continental Divide, Ahern led black infantry, two Indian guides, and two prospectors into what became Glacier National Park. Ahern Creek, Ahern Glacier, Ahern Pass, and Ahern Peak are all named for him. (Ahern Pass “has long been known as one of the most dangerous in Glacier Park...”--arlingtoncemetery.net, containing a dramatic account of Ahern’s adventures.) In 1895, he explored the Montana wilderness with his friend Gifford Pinchot, seeking to create a national forest, denouncing the greed of mining and timber interests in “gutting the mountains.” Ahern even enrolled in the senior class at Yale Law School, to spread the gospel of conservation. A fascinating career officer, his service spanned the Spanish-American War to World War I. Remaining in The Philippines, he organized and directed their new Office of Patents, Copyrights and Trade-Marks, and later their Bureau of Forestry, its forestry school in Bataan. In World War I, Ahern was First Assistant to Chief of Military Intelligence. “He had a lasting empathy for the Indians and unceasingly endeavored to obtain justice for them in Washington...”--The New York Times, May 14, 1942. Contemporary blue crayon-pencil check mark on verso, probably by a newspaper, with very light old pencil markings, “N.Y...WP 82 / 4-9-(19)25,” else in remarkably fresh condition, and excellent. Excessively rare. RareBookHub locates no Ahern autographic material among its nearly 14 million market records, only a few copies of his book on Philippine tree species. Modern research accompanies. $250-325

30-11. Gold in the Desert – and the “Other” John Sut(t)er.

Attractive partly-printed petition to Postmaster Gen., seeking appointment of John Suter as Postmaster in Stedman (San Bernardino County), Calif., c. 1903, 8 x 14. With 24 signatures of area residents, some possibly of local history interest. An Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad road master, Suter discovered gold in the California desert in 1898. His “eureka” led to establishment of a small boom town, variously called Rochester, “The Bagdad,” and finally Stedman, from which an 8-mile shortline railroad hauled ore to Ludlow. Stedman’s Post Office ran from 1904-1907. Research has not yet uncovered whether Suter received his appointment, but it would soon become moot: Stedman’s fortunes fizzled, and is today a ghost town. It is mentioned in modern books including Southern California’s Best Ghost Towns, by Varney. Nearly separated at horizontal fold, but no loss of text when laid flat, few old fingerprints (perhaps from panning for gold?), light handling, else about very good. There have been Gold Rushes other than the famous one triggered in 1848, but items relating to them are only found by chance. $80-110

30-12. The Little-Known Nevada Expo of 1926.

Rare ephemera from Nevada’s Transcontinental Highways Exposition, Reno, 1926. “An invitation from Unity Lodge No. 6 and Reno Lodge No. 14, I.O.O.F.” (Odd Fellows). 5 ¹/2 x 7 ¹/2, 4 pp., black on ivory enamel. Inside, strikingly attractive color letterpress painting, “Across the Copper Desert where the Golden Sunset Lies.” Opposite, verse of poem, “Mornin’ on The Desert - Found written on the door of an old cabin in Southern Nevada”: “...No more stuffy cities, where you have to pay to breathe, Where the helpless human creatures move and throng and strive and seethe...Lonesome? Not a minute! Why I’ve got these mountains here, That was put here jest to please me, with their blush and frown and cheer....” • With mailing envelope, postally used, oversize Western hat in blue, “You’ll like Nevada - Meet me in Reno in 1926.” In that year, the Reno Arch was erected to promote the Exposition, bringing the city its nickname, “Biggest Little City in the World.” Legalized gambling followed in the 1930s, and by the 1960s, Reno reigned as gambling capital of the world - until the larger Las Vegas matured. Very fine. Material from this 1926 Expo is nearly uncollectible by virtue of rarity. $75-100 (2 pcs.)

30-13. Pontiac’s Tribute to the American Indian.

Group of 6 full-color art lithographs issued by Pontiac’s American Indian history ad campaign of 1958-59, using originals specially painted in oil by celebrated fine artist Arthur August Jansson. On heavy art enamel stock. 11 x 16 ¹/4 oblong. Depicting array of tribes and scenes: “Legend of the Storm.” 1958 ad campaign. Quapaws of Alabama and Mississippi, and Omaha and Iowa Indians. • “The Medicine Man.” 1958. Indian medicine man at work over a fire.• “Keokuk, 1780-1848.” 1958. Great Chief of Sauk and Fox Tribes. • “Daniel Boone and Big Turtle.” 1958. Big Turtle, adopted son of Chief of Shawnees, with Daniel Boone, at Chillicothe, Ohio. • “Nomad by Nature.” 1958. Plains Indians. • “Son of the Sun.” 1959. Natchez of Mississippi bayou. His work renowned since the 1920s, Jansson did all of the paintings for the North American Indian Hall (long dismantled) of the American Museum of Natural History in N.Y.C. Each with fascinating text sidebar. Limited printing. Sold by Pontiac for display in home, office, or classroom, their name discretely appears in bottom margin. The series was noted for its painstaking attention to accuracy. The scholarship of Jansson’s work was unsurpassed, as it was researched and scrutinized by Museum anthropologists and experts. Indeed, many of the artifacts, tools and weapons in his works were painted from actual specimens in the Museum’s collections. Produced with great care from beginning to end, Pontiac’s “Indian Chief” ad theme ended around 1964, and with it, their decades-old Indian corporate theme gave way to the “Wide Track” campaign. Occasional trivial tip wear from storage, else choice and bright. $130-170 (6 pcs.)

31-1. The Roots of Modern Mass Communication.

Ensemble of 28 seminal examples of news distribution in the Old World, from a master engraver’s vivid “news” illustration intended for illiterate audiences, to a selection of primitive “news books” and their descendants: the newspaper. All dated before 1700. Varied sizes, assorted formats and concepts (including two precursors of news “magazines,” described below), from single leaves to 8 pp.; the two news “magazines” 38 and 117 pp. Published in England, France, Germany, and Holland, variously. Numerous notable and interesting printers are represented.

Carefully selected by a university professor and connoisseur with an eye for collecting, teaching, and display, many are in fine to fresh condition. Some news books and very early newspapers can be surprisingly rare on the market. For 21 of the titles, RareBookHub finds no examples, of any date, among its nearly 14 million auction and dealer records, c. 1858-present.

Among the 27 items:

• Richly detailed, almost cinematic copperplate “news” print by Flemish-German painter, master engraver, and mapmaker Franz Hogenberg and sons, (Cologne), 1581, 11 x 15. Among the family firm’s specialties were engravings of news events for a largely illiterate population, from about 1560 to 1625. Each made shortly after an historic event occurred, these engravings represent one of the earliest illustrated forms of news for wide distribution. (It is ironic and curious that upon the coming advent of textual newsbooks, and then newspapers - such as those in this collection, these “news” illustrations fell into disuse.) Descriptive text at bottom in German and French. Here, a view of the Dutch city of Cambresy, in midst of a battle. Soldiers, probably Spanish, are rushing through a breech in the walls, chasing the Dutch out the other end of the city. A rare Hogenberg title.

• Relation, a very early French newsbook - forerunner of a newspaper. Feb. 1632. 8 pp., complete. Surprisingly avant garde, even Brownian, logotype, with swash rope-like lettering. Interestingly, the publication considered to be the very first “news book” was also named Relation, printed in Strasbourg twenty-three years before. The German newsbooks were hampered by the Thirty Years’ War, 1618-1648, with paper shortages, restrictions on trade, and strict censorship. The vital role of these newsbooks in European civil, commercial, and political life is clearly shown by the 168 years that elapsed before the first French daily newspaper was born - in 1777!

• Novelles (The News), Sept. 10, 1639. 4 pp. Printed by the pioneer French journalist Theophraste Renaudot. News from Dresden, Leipzig, Hamburg, Prague, and other locales.

• Mercurius Aulicus. June 4, 1643. Royalist newsbook published by John Birkenhead, Oxford, during English Civil War. Began publication that year, published weekly on Sundays - to publicly flout the Puritan belief in sanctity of the Sabbath. (The Puritans supported Parliament against the King). 16 pp. News on the Civil War between the “Cavaliers” and “Roundheads.”

• Mercurius Pragmaticus. Nov. 14/21, 1648. 8 pp. Royalist newsbook from English Civil War. Unusual front-page poem: “Harke, how for Peace the Kingdom grones.…” Rumor of death of Jenkins, “Generall Councell of the Army met at St. Albans.”

• Mercurius Publicus. Apr. 4/11, 1661. 16 pp. “Winston Church-hill Esquire” elected to Parliament from Weymouth. The King prohibits “planting, selling and sowing of Tobacco in England and Ireland….” Paying tribute to those who suppressed “that wild rebellion of Venner and his Accomplices.” “Both Court and City are now diligent in their costly Preparations for his Majesties Coronation.”

• The Kingdoms Intelligencer. Apr. 14/21, 1662. 16 pp. One of leading journals of reign of King Charles II. Extensive coverage of last hearings for three of the regicides who executed Charles I, their statements, and their sentencing. Another article, 5 pp., tells of their trip from the dreaded Tower (of London) to Tyborne, and speeches on the scaffold. All were hung, drawn and quartered, their quarters carried away to be “boyl’d.” Last act of the Civil War. On p. 1, news from Naples: six hundred soldiers ready for transport.

• The Intelligencer. Aug. 14, 1665. 16 pp. Fine issue of Loyalist Roger L’Estrange’s newsbook, published in London during year of the Plague. “In this city,…the plague is very much increased….” Latest plague bill includes 2,817 persons; Magistrates of Newcastle taking precautions against outbreak of plague there; no plague in open areas. Ads for various plague remedies including “The Countess of Kent’s Powder” and “Mr. Burnebie’s Anti-Pestilence Powder.” King Charles and his Queen now in Salisbury, his brother James in York. Proclamation for arrest of any Dutchman found in the country. De Ruyter chosen by states of Holland to lead naval war against England.

• Very first issue of the (in)famous anti-Catholic weekly: A Pacquet of Advice From Rome: or, The History of Popery. Issue No. 1. Dec. 3, 1678. 8 pp. Rare.

• Later the publisher of the first newspaper printed in America. The Protestant (Domestick) Intelligence or, News both from City and Country. Feb. 6, 1679. Single sheet issue. Militant Protestant paper printed for Benjamin Harris. Associated with Shaftesbury and the anti-Royalist Whigs, Harris joined Titus Oates in “exposing” the Popish plot with the help of this newspaper. Harris later fled England, settling in Boston where he published the first newspaper printed in America (1690) - which lasted only one issue before being suppressed.

• The Anti-Roman Pacquet: or, Memoirs of Popes and Popery. Sept. 10, 1680. 8 pp. Last 2 pp. titled, “The Pope’s Harbinger, By Way of Diversion.” Anti-Catholic paper similar to penultimate above; this title variant used for only 21 issues.

• A humorous news-sheet of 1682: Heraclitus Ridens: A Dialogue between Fest and Earnest, concerning the Times. June 20, 1682. A witty, comedic single-sheet paper. Printed in London for B. Tooke. “I’ll give you a Sing-Song, to the tune of Chevy Chase: The Title of it is ‘A Needle and Thred, or the Pope’s Downfall’” (followed by poem).

• The Observator. Oct. 29, 1684. Single-sheet issue of this famous London paper. “For, and Against Levelling. The Providence, the Instinct and the Nature of Government. The Distribution of Society into Power and Subjection. Resistance of Authority is Against both Religion and Reason.”

• Mercure Historique et Politique. May 1687. About 117 pp. Charming French newsbook with news and commentary from all over Europe. Petit format, 2-3/4 x 5 ¹/4.

• Mercurius Reformatus: or the New Observator. Sept. 24, 1690. London. A seldom seen, single-sheet paper, lasting less than two years. 8 x 12. “Reflections, upon the Establishment of Presbytery in Scotland...How far the King is concerned therein....”

• And more.

Ready to serve as a teaching collection, for display, for the antiquarian collector, or the student of communication and media. A substantial and representative suite of issues, including examples of the earliest collectible period of newsbooks. (The issues from the very dawn of the medium are now so seldom encountered on the market, that collecting them specifically is unrealistic.) Attractively presented, most in individual acid-free protectors, these in new acid-free portfolio, the items easily reorganized for show or storage. Some leaves with very minor to light edge toning; a few with edge wear, but no defects significant, and generally fine to excellent, the majority fresh, pleasing, and highly suited for display, exuding much character and eye appeal. Request prospectus for further details, including RareBookHub search results, gratis. $3500-4400 (28 pcs.)

31-2. The Moors Threaten Revolution – 350 Years Ago.

Three issues of The London Gazette, Sept. 25-29, Sept. 29-Oct. 2, and Oct. 6-9, 1673, 7 x 11, 2 pp. ea. Claimed to be the world’s oldest continuously-published newspaper. From Cologne, “the Imperialists put 400 Men into Oxenfort to defend it against the French....” “From Tripoly they write, that the Moors in the Countrey were up in Arms, and threatened new Revolutions in that Government....” Frankfort: “The great victory the Imperialists pretended to have gained over the French, is now come to this, that they have taken some few Waggons....” Ads: “At the Musick-School in Whitefryers, will be new Musick, vocal and instrumental, performed by excellent Masters....” “Jacob Ardes, a Polander born...his body and legs very hairy, of a frowning countenance...went away from his Master, John Holman, a Merchant in Coleman Street...with a considerable sum of Money...If any person shall apprehend him...he shall have ten pounds for his pains.” Few minor edge tears, wrinkles at blank edge of one issue, some foxing, else fine. $130-180 (3 pcs.)

31-3. Dangers of Employing Foreigners, Explosion of a Montgolfier Balloon - and the State of Franklin secedes from North Carolina.

Action-packed issue of The Pennsylvania Packet, and Daily Advertiser, printed by Dunlap and Claypoole, Sept. 21, 1785, 11 ¹/2 x 18 ¹/2, 4 pp. On p. 3, “His excellency Alexander Martin, gov. of North-Carolina, has published a long and spirited manifesto, directed to the inhabitants of the counties of Washington, Sullivan and Greene...having received letters from brig. gen. Sevier, under the style and character of governor; and from Messrs. Landon Carter, and William Cage, as speakers of the senate and commons of the state of Franklin, informing him, that they, with the inhabitants of part of the territory ceded to Congress, had declared themselves independent of the state of North-Carolina, and no longer considered themselves under the sovereignty and jurisdiction... stating their reasons for their separation and revolt....” Letter from Salem, Mass.: “...There was a schooner in the Bay...I having a fast sailing brig at the wharf, thought it best to go out after her. I have the pleasure to say, that we have...the pirates in this gaol....” From Boston: “...It is impolitick and dangerous to employ foreigners in our navigation...We can have no confidence in nor dependance on to act in the defence of our country...In case of war with any marine power we should...labor under the mortifying misfortune of seeing or feeling those very seamen who we have so imprudently nursed up in our bosoms, as it were, armed in the service of our enemies, to destroy us and lay waste our country....” Full column on death of French aeronaut de Rozier in explosion of a Montgolfier Brothers balloon: “...I was an advocate for a union of the two ruinous principles, the idea that a large envelope, filled with inflammable air, was to be exposed to the action of fire...,” with dramatic eye-witness account of sudden, spectacular explosion of the silk balloon at some 3,000 feet. From N.Y.: “John Benson, a free mulatto man, a noted robber, and lately a terror to many of the inhabitants of this city, convicted of burglary, received sentence of death, and his execution is appointed to be on Fri. Shepperd Grimes...late one of the city watchmen, convicted of a robbery in the street or highway, when on duty as a watchman, received sentence of death. William Morton and Samuel Horner...printers, indicted and convicted of publishing a certain vile, wicked, impure and obscene pamphlet...and impiously tending to bring the Christian religion into scandal and contempt...to pay a fine of £40 each....” Philadelphia ads include “A very elegant Chariot...back of the City-tavern,” and General Post Office request for bids for “conveyance of the different mails, by the stage carriages, from Portsmouth, N.H., to...Savannah, Ga., and from the city of N.Y., to...Albany...,” with lengthy recitation of postal rules and regulations. Uniform toning, nearly separated at spine, short tears at horizontal fold, tips creased and fragile, else about very good. WorldCat locates about nine copies. $200-275

31-4. Showdown: Announcement of the Constitutional Convention – and Armed Insurrection in New Hampshire.

Poignant and excessively rare issue of The Connecticut Courant..., Oct. 2, 1786, 10 x 16, 4 pp. From Annapolis via N.Y., a very early announcement of the Convention some seven months away: “...a general convention of deputies, from all the states in the union, to be held at Philadelphia, on the second Mon. in May next, to take into consideration the situation of the United States...to render the constitution of the federal government adequate to the exigencies of the union...Should this address have its effect, we may hope to see the federal union of these states established upon principles, which will secure the dignity, harmony, and felicity of these confederated republics, and not only rescue them from their present difficulties, but from that insolent hauteur and contemptuous neglect which they have experienced...since conclusion of the war, which established their independence....” Vivid “Account of the Insurrection in the State of New-Hampshire...The complaints of the unhappy people, who had contracted debts during the time of the too plenty of money...Specie, of course, ceased to circulate, and credit being thus injured, the money-holders turned their keys on that cash, which might otherwise have been loaned to the needy...Fully absurd...that the Legislature...could from a single touch, turn stones and sticks into gold...On the 20th, at four of the clock...about 400 men on horse back...entered the town of Exeter...armed with muskets and the others with bludgeons...They sent a paper into the House of Representatives, demanding an answer...Those of the mob...were ordered to charge with balls...The house proceeded to business as usual...Centinels were placed at each door, with fixed bayonets, and the whole Legislature were prisoners...The mob clamored, some paper money, some an equal distribution of property, some the annihilation of debts, some release of all taxes, and all clamored against law and government...By sun-rise the next morning the militia were marching in, well armed, with military music...The mob fled..to their lurking places, from whence they must be dragged to an ignominious death...How can we live without government, and shall we give ourselves up to a mob?...” Prof. Williams’ “new Theory...respecting the motion and operation of heat in the solar system...(to) explain the appearances of the Aurora Borealis....” Letter “by an American,” on “Establishment of the Worship of the Deity, essential to National Happiness.” Report on plans to combat the “piratical states that infest the Mediterranean”: “the Order of Malta shall be invited to undertake protection of all the contracting parties, sailing up the Levant...The tributes...paid to the Barbary States, shall cease....” “A black man, who goes by the name of Old Harry, arrived in (N.Y.)...This preacher is followed by an admiring multitude...It is strange...that the inhabitants of this city...should thus recede to...praying at the corners of the street...It has been a subject of rejoicing, that superstitious bigotry was done away....” Four-inch-high woodcut advertising the new 1787 Almanack. Leaves separated at spine, some fine press creases, edge and handling wear, else good. Annapolis Convention content is scarce. The Library of Congress’ Chronicling America database locates just one issue of this date. $220-270

31-5. “Such is the present period of America” – “Violent and Outrageous” Youth.

Newspaper, Massachusetts Centinel, Boston, Nov. 8, 1788. 9 ¹/4 x 14 ³/4, 4 pp. Front-page essay on the concept of a state, asserting that America revolted too soon: “A State may not unaptly be compared to an individual...The ambitious enterprising men in the young State, will answer to the unruly, boisterous passions in the young individual. When the passions in the youth have become violent and outrageous by time and indulgence, they prompt him to break the chains of slavery, imposed on him by his parents ...After various struggles, with the expense of much blood and treasure, she (a State) perhaps gains her independence...the critical and all important period. Such is the present period of America. That she had just provocation to revolt from Britain I do not doubt. That she had revolted too soon, I believe is by this time too evident....” Commending Connecticut for her action in selecting Federal Senators. “The liberality of the choice of Federal Senators in Conn., and the wisdom which has dictated it, exhibit an example and furnish a lesson to all the sister States, highly worthy of their imitation...The idea of introducing men into the federal Legislature, to administer a Constitution which they are known to be pointedly opposed to, is so absurd, that it meets with universal contempt....” Inside, impeachment of a Mass. Sheriff; “A Baltimore paper informs, that the general sentiment in that State appears to be in favour of his Excellency Gen. Washington and Gov. Hancock, as Pres. and Vice-Pres. of the United States”; Constitutional Convention to be appointed in North Carolina. Two old brown paper strips affixed to blank left margins, minor fold wear and edge toning, else very good. $140-180

31-6. Alabama Joins the Union – and Camels on Christmas Day.

Newspaper, Columbian Register, New-Haven, Conn., Dec. 25, 1819, 14 ¹/2 x 21, 4 pp. Page 1-column 1 Resolution, with eagle woodcut, “Declaring admission of State of Alabama into the Union,” signed-in-type by Henry Clay and Pres. Monroe. Separate Acts to survey land at “boundary line fixed by Treaty with Creek Indians...in Alabama Territory....” Also, half column on debate to restrict slavery; news of military executions, mentioning Andrew Jackson; Act authorizing free-franking for “transmission of certain documents free of postage.” Lengthy U.S. Treasury Report, showing cash balance of $334,996; the notion of the Federal government managing on well under a million dollars seems fictional. Editorial, “To be poor is a misfortune - not a crime...The old state party do earnestly contend that they possess all the Religion, all the goodness, all the talents, and all the riches...They are unwilling that those who do not possess real estate of certain value should become entitled to the privileges of Freemen...however meritorious may have been their deportment through life....” Charming ads, including Peach Brandy, “warranted old and good,” “Fur Caps to keep heads warm this cold winter,” coarse salt, St. Croix rum, Scotch plaids, bell foundry (large woodcut), Clay’s itch ointment, “well fatted pork in the hog” wanted, and a Christmas amusement: two camels on local exhibition, where “they can be viewed with perfect safety” (with woodcut), and much more. Light mottling and fold-junction wear, else very good. Fascinating. $75-100

31-7. Set of all five volumes, 260 issues, in publisher’s bindings, complete years 1861-65

(a few 1865 issues incomplete; condition of each volume carefully described below). Matching-style calf spine and tips; blue/red and green/cream/nutmeg/brown marbled endpapers. A massive pictorial profusion of woodcuts, many full page (and some double), showing the people, places, and action that from the first issue foreshadowed the Civil War, with exhaustive text. Winslow Homer, Thomas Nast, and other noted artists of the era represented. 11 x 15 ¹/4 to 11 x 16. Late 19th-century pencil ex-lib Dr. William F. Logan, proprietor of a drug store in Williamsport, Pa., 1867-69; bookplate of James V. Brown Library, Williamsport; pencil notation in margin of first issue “Gift - Cummin - 3/26/(19)26.”

Comprising:

• 1861, desirable full, fateful year of Harper’s Weekly, Vol. V, nos. 210 to 261, Jan. 5, 1861 to Dec. 28, 1861, 832 pp. Needing no introduction, the issues begin with the clouds of war rapidly gathering. On front page of Jan. 5, composite woodcut of Georgia Delegation in Congress, from a photograph by Brady, showing ten of the Southern legislators who would secede in just two weeks. • Jan. 12: large portrait of “Maj. Anderson, U.S.A., Commanding at Fort Sumter, S.C.,” with lengthy article. • Jan. 19: Front page portraits of S.C. Gov. Pickens, Rev. Dr. Bachman “who asked a blessing on the secession ordinance,” and camp scene of Charleston Zouaves. Inside, map of forts and islands of Charleston harbor. • Jan. 26: Dramatic front page scene of “The Prayer at Sumter,” two days after Christmas, with extensive story on the soon-to-be-besieged fort. Full-page woodcut of “Firing on the Star of the West...from Morris Island.” Quarter-page view of “Group of guns and gun carriages dismantled by Maj. Anderson....” Eerie full-p. nocturnal view of Sumter, “seen from the rear at low water,” the Stars and Stripes billowed by a soft breeze. • Feb. 2: Front-page montage of the seven members of “Seceding Miss. Delegation in Congress,” including Jefferson Davis. Superb double-page woodcut, “The Dream of a Secessionist – Washington and Valley Forge.” • Feb. 9: Front-page portraits of seceding Ala. delegation, from Brady photo. Inside, street view of Montgomery, Ala., first capital of Confederacy. • Feb. 16: Delightful, ornate page-one tribute to Saint Valentine’s Day, with romantic insets of women reading letters from their beaus, Cupid with painter’s easel, and a postman, his arms overflowing with letters and cards to be delivered. Inside, a compelling, realistic full-p. woodcut of “A Ten-Inch Columbiad Mounted as a Mortar at Ft. Sumter” aimed skyward, with stacks of cannonballs at the ready. • Feb. 23: Half-page “Good-bye to Sumter, Feb. 3,” showing wives and children of the troops remaining at Sumter, as the steamer pulls away. The men gave “three heart-thrilling cheers as a parting farewell...whom they may possibly never meet again...A small band pent up in an isolated fort, and completely surrounded by instruments of death, as five forts could be seen from the steamer’s deck, with their guns pointing toward Sumter...The earnest prayer of many sympathizing hearts on board was that no collision would ever take place between these men, so hostily arrayed against each other, but who are in reality brothers” (pp. 116-117). Full-p. map “Showing the Comparative Area of the Northern and Southern States.” • Mar. 2: On front page, the famous view of Lincoln, “the Pres. elect, addressing the people from the Astor House balcony, Feb. 10, 1861.” Inside, panoramic woodcuts of Fort Moultrie, Morris Island, and Fort Johnson. Superlative double-page spread, “The Dreamer at Moultrie - 1776 and 1861”: a Union soldier slumbers beside a lantern, as visions of the patriots of ‘76 keep watch, amidst rockets and smoke (pp. 136-137). • Mar. 9: Front-p. “Lincoln Hoisting the American Flag with 34 Stars upon Independence Hall....” Inside, full-p. inauguration of Jeff Davis, Montgomery, Ala. • Mar. 16: Front-p. “Inaugural Procession at Washington....” Inside, Lincoln and Buchanan entering Senate Chambers before inauguration. Expansive double-page view of Lincoln’s inauguration “from a drawing made on the spot.” • Mar. 23: Front-p. poster-style tribute titled “Sumter,” group portrait of Maj. Anderson and his eight commanders at Sumter, framed by draped flags at top, and cannon, balls, and a wreath below. Story inside, “Gen. Twiggs’ Surrender to the Texans,” with four woodcuts arranged in a spread of Texas scenes (blank tip lacking, possibly a pressroom flaw). • Mar. 30: Map of coastline from Mississippi mouth to Pensacola. Portrait of Gov. Sam Houston of Texas.

• Apr. 6: Eerily bereft of the storm just around the corner, this issue with double-page spread of “Virginia Sketches,” and handsome full-p. montage of coats of arms of all 34 states, including those already seceded. • Apr. 13: Double-page “American Home Scenes,” including the breakdown (blacks dancing, banjoist, family gathered round), quilting, whites dancing, the apple cut, and blacks husking corn. • Apr. 20: The War begins: Half-page view of Confederate batteries opposite Fort Pickens, Fla. “In view of the momentous events which are impending, and of the possible outbreak of civil war...,” listing the numerous engravings published in Harper’s “within the last few weeks.” Editorials, “The Right of Secession,” “The Mission of the Negro,” and “The Border States.” “...Peaceable secession is organized anarchy....” Double-page view of U.S. Fleet off Fort Pickens, Fla. • Apr. 27: The War begins, much of issue devoted to “The Bombardment of Fort Sumter.” Quoting Anderson’s declination of Beauregard’s demand for surrender, and the opening volleys of what few parties thought would become a wrenching four years of bloodshed. Inside, eloquent proclamation from Lincoln, calling up 75,000 troops, and convening a joint session of Congress.” Editorial commences, “War is declared...The die is now cast, and men must take their sides, and hold to them. No one who knows anything of the Southern people supposes for a moment, that having gone so far as to bombard a United States fort and capture it, they will now succumb without a fight....” Ferocious, full-p. scene of “Interior of Fort Sumter during the bombardment”; map of Charleston harbor”; double-p. spread showing the bombardment, viewed from a Confederate battery. • And all additional issues through December.

At least 11 woodcuts by Winslow Homer this volume alone (request list), including dramatic double-page spreads of “Seeing the Old Year Out” (issue of Jan. 5), “The Inauguration of Abraham Lincoln as Pres...at the Capitol, Washington, Mar. 4, 1861” (issue of Mar. 16), and “The Songs of War” (Nov. 23). • Many issues with serialized publication of Dickens’ Great Expectations (request list). • Walt Whitman’s first appearance in Harper’s, “Beat! Beat! Drums!” (Sept. 28). • In Nov. 9 issue, pp. 707, 710, 715, and 718 are skipped but evidently accounted for (but not printed) on oversize folding multi-panel “Map of the Southern States...,” with inset portrait of Lincoln, so that use of folios (page numbers) would not spoil appear of the map. (Double-page woodcuts elsewhere in volume do not bear page numbers, but the text pages which follow have their numbers advanced as if every page was numbered.) Close inspection of gutter indicates that no leaves have been removed; this map’s multi-page press-sheet evidently bound just out of sequence by bindery; numerous parallel creases, from repeated folding and refolding, some breaks but no separations, old cello tape repairs; flattening and further fold reinforcement suited, but still good, and often missing entirely. This map a condition outlier, the balance of the volume much better, as described in detail following: • First two issues shaken, one signature neatly popped from threads, with even band of edge toning, light edge abrasion; balance of volume tight, with pleasing, uniform eggshell to cream toning. Very occasional minor flaws, including triangular fragment torn from blank margin of pp. 77-78. Bulk of issues appear little-handled, retaining crispness, and generally fine to about very fine. Spine once polished oxblood, scuffed to suede; leather torn at top and bottom from shelf pull; tip wear exposing boards, else entirely satisfactory and serviceable. Now uncommon as a complete volume - certainly of this earthshattering year - many bound volumes having been broken up over the last century. (52 issues of 1861)

• Complete Year 1862 of “Harper’s Weekly,” Vol. VI, nos. 262 to 313, Jan. 4 to Dec. 27, 1862, 832 pp. 11 x 15 ³/4. This year with publisher’s index at front, with ornate title leaf. The (preliminary) Emancipation Proclamation appears in the issue of Oct. 4, issued just ten days before. Likely including some woodcuts by Winslow Homer. Pages 1-28 shaken, with much tattering of right margins; one leaf with loss of text along 6” sliver, but this issue likely findable in good condition at a reasonable price. Elsewhere, pleasing uniform buttery toning, little-handled, and fine. Spine once polished oxblood, heavily scuffed to suede; leather torn at top and bottom from shelf pull; tip wear exposing boards, back cover off, else satisfactory, serviceable, and repairable. (52 issues of 1862)

• Complete Year 1863 of “Harper’s Weekly,” Vol. VII, nos. 314 to 365, Jan. 3 to Dec. 26, 1863, 832 pp. 11 x 15 ¹/4. Just a few highlights: Jan. 24: Exceptional double-page woodcut by Thomas Nast, “Emancipation - ...of the Negroes, Jan., 1863 - The Past and the Future.” • Feb. 7: Double-page depiction of “Southern Chivalry - dedicated to Jeff Davis,” by Thomas Nast; 9 scenes of savage acts of Confederates: “Murder of two of Platt’s Zouaves...,” “Throwing sick and wounded U.S. soldiers in the road...,” “Massacre of Negroes at Murfreesboro Pike,” and others. Lacking lower right corner of this and next leaf. • Oct. 17: “Interior of Libby Prison, Richmond,” with insets of two officers confined there, of 1st N.J. and 71st Ind., respectively. • Nov. 21: Lengthy account of “The Great Russian Ball - in honor of officers of the Russian Fleet,” at N.Y. Academy of Music, and much more. Both covers nearly off, considerable shelf wear and scuffing, gouge in front cover fabric. Occasional leaves and signatures shaken (ancient dried leaves found between a few as keepsakes), their blank right margins chipped; uniform toning, else good. (52 issues of 1863)

• Complete Year 1864 of “Harper’s Weekly,” Vol. VIII, nos. 366 to 418, Jan. 2 to Dec. 31, 1864, 848 pp. 11 x 16. Publisher’s index at front, with ornate title leaf. A few highlights: Jan. 30: Full-page woodcut, “Emancipated Slaves, White and Colored,” the children from New Orleans schools established by Gen. Butler. • Mar. 19: On cover, dynamic depiction of Brig. Gen. George A. Custer, urging his men on with his sword, as his horse leaps at speed. • June 18: Double-page spread by Nast, “Campaign in Virginia – ‘On to Richmond!’” The Stars and Stripes in tatters, as they trade fire with Confederates at close range, casualties everywhere. • Sept. 17: Vertical double-page, “Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, Democratic Candidate for the Presidency,” with his inquisitive white horse posing as well. • Sept. 24: Vertical double-page by Nast, “Blessings of Victory - Victory will bring us Peace,” “The Union For Ever” in wreath, six circular insets including “The Prisoners of War,” “The Veteran’s Welcome,” “No More Slavery,” “The Traitors,” and more. • Oct. 1: Vertical double-page of Lincoln looking his best, holding a large flag, surrounded by soldiers and citizens, plus a teenage drummer, with lengthy lyrics at bottom, “Rally round the Flag, boys!...” • Irregular 3 x 7 ¹/2 strip lacking on last page of Nov. 5 issue, probably incurred in bindery; quite interesting printing error on Dec. 17, a diagonal third of one page unprinted, probably a stray sheet of paper momentarily covering the type, with tear and wrinkles at edge. Spine with fraying top and bottom and one tear, corner wear. Else, probably in the best overall condition of the five Harper’s volumes, unshaken, all issues with very light uniform toning, else quite fresh, and nearly very fine. (52 issues of 1864)

• Mostly Complete Year 1865 of “Harper’s Weekly,” Vol. IX, nos. 419 to 470, Jan. 7 to Dec. 30, 1865). Jan. 7 issue lacking pp. 9-16; Jan. 14 lacking pp. 21-22, 27-32; Jan. 21 lacking 8 pp.; Apr. 29 with portion cut from last (advertising) leaf. (Incomplete issues likely findable in good condition at a reasonable prices.) 11 x 15 ³/4. Including some woodcuts by Thomas Nast. Feb. 18: Passage of 13th Amendment, with “Scene in the House...”; accompanying editorial rebukes the 56 legislators who voted against it. Coverage of assassination begins in issue of Apr. 29, this with large portrait of J(ohn) Wilkes Booth on front page; diminutive headine, “The Murder of the Pres.”; old, neat repair of tear with cream paper in blank margin. Inside, woodcut montage of Booth firing on Lincoln from behind, his flight across the stage, and dramatic views of “The Eve of War” and “The Dawn of Peace” with angel in clouds above Fort Sumter; these two engravings by Thomas Nast (two clean edge tears). • Additional double-page spread by Nast, with tearful scene of young woman beset by tears as she leans on Lincoln’s coffin, soldier and sailor contemplating their grief. • June 10: Another, vertical double-page spread by Nast, “Abraham Lincoln - Our Martyred Pres.,” comprising scene of “Victory and Death,” with five inset scenes, including black family praying at home, citizens celebrating victory on a street, Lincoln’s funeral procession, and “Europe and America” embracing in front of Lincoln’s coffin. Nast’s artistic power brings tears, even some 150 years on. One clean edge tear into text, one edge flake, else very good. • Sept. 16: Double-page composite of “Andersonville Prison Scenes, Illustrating Capt. Wirz’s Trial,” with twelve smaller woodcuts of the camp’s horrors, surrounding central view of suffering prisoners outdoors. Early pages shaken and brittle, with chipping, with much tattering of their right margins. Elsewhere, some brittleness but can be handled with care; pleasing uniform buttery toning, and very good. Spine moderately scuffed to suede; leather worn at top and bottom from shelf pull; tip wear exposing boards, spine lifted from text block but easily reglued, else satisfactory. (Heavy wear in bound volumes is often the case. Better single, War-date issues now sell for $75 to $400; at presstime, only three runs of War-date Harper’s Weekly are ofered on abebooks, at 6500.00, 8000.00, and 12,000.) Our estimate, $3800-4800 (52 issues of 1865, incompleteness as described) (Grand total 260 issues)

31-9. Signed by a Savior of Vietnam – Dr. Tom Dooley.

Deliver Us From Evil, “the fantastic experiences of a Navy doctor among the terrorized Vietnamese Victims of the Communists,” N.Y., 1956, 214 pp., dark green linen, photo-montage d.j. The incredible story of the 27-year-old Navy physician who treated some 600,000 fleeing North Vietnam. Unusual doubly-signed inscription, in bright green ink: at front, “See other side / Tom Dooley”; at rear, turning the book upside-down, he continues, “To Vi, who is responsible for so much - with many thanks...Tom Dooley - who hates socks.” Some d.j. wear, else very good. • With 3 period black-and-white snapshots of a TV screen, showing Dooley, the bowtied interviewer in one shot, probably recognized by TV historians. 1950s-style deckled edges. Excellent and unusual; “Vi” may have been one of his Vietnamese nurses; she probably took these photographs when Dooley’s TV appearance aired. The only example of his book noted in a market search, combining both a lengthy, twice-signed personal message, and period photos. Dooley died at age 34; he was considered for sainthood by the Roman Catholic Church. $80-110 (4 pcs.)

32-1. Immigration in 1768: Emptying Britain’s “gaols” into American towns – and sending “Rogues and Villains” to its Plantations.

The Gentleman’s Magazine, London, Jan., 1768, 5 x 8 ¹/4, 48 pp. Referring to repeal of the hated Stamp Act, and brewing trouble in America. A reader writes, “...The laws made here to tax the Americans affect them as a distinct body, in which the law makers are in no manner whatever comprehended; whereas the laws made to tax Great-Britain, affect alike every member who gives his concurrence...Hence arises the essential difference between real and virtual representations, so much agitated. Your correspondent observes, ‘that we are loaded with 130 millions of debt, great part of which was contracted by defending the Americans, and therefore that they are bound in gratitude.’...” Nearly 3-pp. letter from another reader, “As the cause of the present ill humour in America, and of the resolutions taken there to purchase less of our manufactures, does not seem to be generally understood...The colonists universally were of opinion, that no money could be levied from English subjects, but by their own consent given by themselves...Those prejudices are still so fixed and rooted in the Americans, that it has been supposed not a single man among them has been convinced of his error...The person then who first projected to...raise money on America by stamps, seems not to have acted wisely...He projected another bill that was brought in the same session with the stamp-act, whereby it was to be made lawful for military officers in the colonies to quarter their officers in private houses. This seem’d intended to awe the people into a compliance... Raising such a clamor against America, as being in rebellion...taking away from the province of New-York, which had been the most explicit in its refusal, all the powers of legislation...The news of which greatly alarmed the people everywhere in America...Nine colonies had been restrained from making paper money, being absolutely necessary to their internal commerce from the constant remittance of their gold and silver to Britain...Add to these, the Americans remembered the act authorizing the most cruel insult that perhaps was ever offered by one people to another, that of emptying our gaols into their settlements; Scotland...sending its rogues and villains also to the plantations...These are the wild ravings of the at present half-distracted Americans....” Full-page copperplates of a new “Gravel Cart so contrived as to load itself by the drawing of the Horse” and “The Jaculator, or darting-Fish.” Much more debate on pressing issues of the day, poems, and a page of music. Disbound, shaken, else about fine, with pleasing toning. Fascinating British side of the debate, as the slide toward rebellion became inexorable; by autumn of that year, the die was cast. Uncommon (and timely). $140-170

32-2. “A receptacle for the outcasts of America” – Deportation of Foreigners.

Passionate appeal to prevent immigration of “enemies of our independence,” who “feasted with a malevolent satisfaction on the horrid catalogue of murders and devastations....” Salem (Mass.) Gazette, July 3, 1783, 10 x 16, 4 pp. Front page table, “Estimate of the National debt,” with obligations variously in dollars and French livres, including Revolutionary War loans from Holland and Spain, the latter “borrowed...by Mr. Jay.” “Loan-office Certificates reduced to Specie value, $11,463,802...Army Debt...Unliquidated Debt... Bounty due to Privates...(and) Deficiencies in 1783, suppose $2,000,000,” the national debt, in all, totalling some $42 million. Plus two full columns of “Recommendations to the several States, by the United States in Congress assembled...necessary to the restoration of public credit....” Listing 25-year duties on imported goods, expressed in “90ths of a dollar,” including “all rum of Jamaica proof,” Madeira wine, pepper, brown sugar, molasses, cocoa, coffee, and other items, to pay down “debts contracted on the faith of the U.S., for supporting the war...All charges of war...shall be defrayed out of a common treasury, which shall be supplied by the several states in proportion to the whole number of white and other free citizens...including those bound to servitude...and three fifths of all other persons...except Indians....” Inside, 1 ¹/2-col. “Proceedings of the Freemen of the City and Liberties of Philadelphia...Whereas in the course of the late war with Great-Britain, many persons, inhabitants of the U.S., lost to all sense of decency, virtue and public spirit, abandoned their country in the hour of her distress, and joined the armies, aided the measures, and incited the cruelties employed by the King of Great-Britain to reduce and to enslave us: And whereas...our struggle for peace, liberty and independence, hath been glorious & successful...it is apprehended that they will endeavor to introduce themselves into the U.S., and solicit the restoration of property, justly forfeited for their treasons...To...prevent this State from becoming a receptacle for the outcasts of America...,” banning those who withdrew from any state since Apr. 19, 1775 from returning to Pennsylvania. “...(We) mutually pledge ourselves to each other, to use all the means in our power, to expel, with infamy, such persons who now have...come among us...Our momentary exultation changed to extreme anxiety, lest by the return of the unnatural enemies of our independence, the smiling prospects which now present themselves... should be clouded. We are actuated against this class of men...Many of them actually perpetrated... barbarity, and feasted with a malevolent satisfaction on the horrid catalogue of murders and devastations committed upon the Whig inhabitants of the U.S...It is unnecessary to designate by any particular appellation the persons referred to...We consider ourselves as acting...for those who may live after us...Justice, policy, and the obligations to perpetuate the freedom we possess, forbid us to permit the return of those degenerate and apostate sons of America, who hold principles incompatible with our republican government....” From London, reflection on “being plunged into the American war, the granting independence to America, and, to crown all, the late dishonorable, and ruinous peace....” Notice from citizens of Portsmouth, Va., pledging to “do all we can to prevent all traitors from effecting a settlement among us....” Description of “the new-erected town of Refugees, at Port-Roseway, in Nova-Scotia.” A rash of “mad dogs” in Adams, Mass., the symptoms suggesting rabies. From Boston, “It is now confidently reported that the British army will leave New-York in the course of the month of Aug....” Ad for “New-Emission Money To be disposed of,” silk handkerchiefs, and other items. At top, in two contemporary hands, “Royalists” and “Mr. Lemuel Wood,” possibly the Revolutionary War captain of that name. Clean 3” diagonal tear, varied foxing, toning, and light stains, wear at fold junction just below dateline, affecting few words, edge fraying, but still about good. Today’s news - including immigration and the debt - as seen over two centuries ago. WorldCat locates four copies. $225-325

32-3. Early Irish Newspaper: American Leaders “all hostile to foreign connections.”

The Shamrock; or, Hibernian Chronicle, New-York, May 25, 1811, 12 x 19, 4 pp. Volume I issue (no. 24) of this pioneering Irish-American newspaper, with interesting masthead woodcut of an eagle holding clover in its beak, and shield with harp. Articles on “Catholics of Ireland,” commentary on a proclamation of Pres. “Maddison,” complaint that “persons now...at head of affairs in America are all hostile to foreign connections....” Interesting and unusual ads of Manhattan merchants, including “Emigrant’s Intelligence Office...to render every possible assistance to Irishmen landing here,” “Valuable Military Lots for sale” in Onandago (sic) County, N.Y., list of Irish arriving from Londonderry, and more. Some edge tears, tea-color stains at blank margins, creases, but complete and satisfactory. Early social history. $60-75

32-4. Anti-Chinese Immigration likened to the “Withering Blight” of the Slave Trade.

Two items: Pamphlet, stirring “Speech of Hon. W.D. Washburn, of Minn., in the House of Representatives - Chinese Immigration, which brings with it that greatest of all calamities, the degradation of labor.” 5 ¹/2 x 7 ¹/4, 7 pp., n.d. but 1880-1885. Closely-set arguments seeking “ultimate suppression of Chinese emigration to this country...The evils...and consequences so remote that the average citizen east of the Rocky Mountains has felt that, so long as his own section of country was not...invaded...he could safely postpone consideration of the subject, leaving it to be dealt with by those who had to meet it face to face...People on the Pacific slope have had to deal with this question almost single-handed...Even now...many underestimate the magnitude of the subject and belittle the dangers likely to arise from this immigration...Why, the African slave trade commenced in a very small way. No one was specially alarmed when the slave traders landed their first cargoes of human beings on our shores. In the first settlement of the country, cheap labor was needed...It was regarded as somewhat immoral, it is true, but only of a temporary character...But as property in human beings became profitable...it was able to cast its withering blight over a large section of the country....” Much more, including assertion that Mormon polygamy “has already become a black and threatening cloud.” Urging that the government must deal promptly with Chinese immigration, lest it “develop into a condition that the people of this country cannot afford...New England, with its varied and extensive industries scattered through every valley and upon every hillside, will have no immunity...We do invite the people of all nations who desire to come here with the view...of becoming citizens...but we do not...intend to open the door to a character of immigration that does not make American citizens [and brings] another civilization...Yet we are invited under the inspiration of a morbid sentimentalism to open widely our doors to a race of people who have not...the first impulse in common with our own Christian civilization....” The speaker predicts that the rich will become richer, and the poor poorer. Quotes Garfield’s emphatic remarks opposing Chinese immigration, made at 1880 Republican Convention. Two old soft folds, light handling, else very good. Washburn founded Pillsbury-Washbury Milling Co., later absorbed by his brother’s firm, General Mills. • Lithographed, folded metamorphic trade card, “The Chinese Question Solved / by the Peerless Wringer / Ah Sin obeys, though rather slow! The Question’s solved, Chinese must go.” Folding the upper panel changes the effect. 3 ¹/4 x 5, printed by Donaldson Bros., Five Points, N.Y., one of the most dangerous places in North America at the time, and real-life abode of “The Gangs of New York.” Simulated color, beige, tan, palest blue, and black. Showing Chinaman’s long braid being rolled through the washing machine’s wringer. The American machine operator’s exaggerated cowlick probably evoking Denis Kearney, the wild California labor leader known for his volatile views on the press, tycoons, politicians, and Chinese immigrants. Printed on verso, bottom half of different Peerless trade card in their anti-Chinese “ad campaign,” “...said Dennis, ‘Put your pig-tail in.’” “A leader of the Workingmen’s Party of Calif., (Kearney) was known for ending all of his speeches with, ‘And whatever happens, the Chinese must go.’”--wikipedia. Two folds, else about fine, and rare thus. $100-130 (2 pcs.)

32-5. An Anti-Immigration, Anti-Catholic “Semi-Secret Society.”

Cabinet photograph, letterpress caption on lower mount, “Celebration of Washington’s Birthday, Providence, R.I., Feb., 1892, by the Loyal Women of American Liberty - Mrs. (Bishop) McNamara, as Lady Washington.” The Loyal Women, organized four years before in Boston, was a “semi-secret, patriotic, Protestant society...to protest against appropriation of public money for sectarian uses and ecclesiastical intimidation toward citizenship... Women of the Roman Catholic faith...are not eligible to membership....” Seeking restricted immigration among other goals, the group’s officers included Mrs. Gen. N.P. Banks and Mary Livermore. • With matching-style cabinet of her husband, “Bishop J.V. McNamara,” captioned in French, “Premier Eveque de l’Église Catholique Réformée; Décoré du titre de Doctor Christianissimus....” An ex-priest, then self-declared Bishop and head of the “Independent Catholic Church,” McNamara’s sole establishment was on Madison Ave. and 28th St. in N.Y. In 1894, he was charged with “falsely accusing certain priests and nuns with immorality...The court room was packed all day. The case was considerably delayed by the refusal of Miss Broaddus, the court stenographer and daughter of the judge, to report it. She had learned that certain parts of McNamara’s speeches (were)...too indecent for a woman to hear”--Los Angeles Herald, June 14, 1894. First photo lacking blank upper left tip, else both with all edges gilt, very light handling evidence, and about very fine. The first photographs of this controversial couple we have handled. $80-110 (2 pcs.)

32-6. An Irish Show and Supper in New England.

Ephemeral broadside, “St. Patrick’s [Day] Entertainment, Town Hall, Hinsdale, N.H., Wed. Eve., Mar. 17 (no year but judged 1915, 1920, or 1926, based on ticket and supper prices), 6 ¹/2 x 15, Wedgwood blue on ivory. “The Irish Domestic Drama ‘The Light on Muckross Head’ - A pleasing story of every day modern life in the Emerald Isle...4 Hours of Dancing - Music by Lyman’s Orchestra, dance tickets 50¢...A hot Turkey Supper with all the fixings, 75¢...Flowers, ice cream, candy, and lemonade will be on sale....” The play was set on “the terrace of the Reagan Estate,” in homes of the Reagans and O’Neils, and other scenes to evoke Ireland. Old eighth-folds, minor wear, evidently taken home as a souvenir of the happy occasion, and good plus. Rare social history thus. $45-65

32-7. Social History – Child Brides in America.

Unlikely trio of original wire service photographs, 1937-38, depicting three different child-bride situations which created national uproar. Comprising: International News Photo, 6 ¹/2 x 8 ¹/4, sepia, the identical (and heavily-publicized) photo published in Life, Feb. 15, 1937, showing groom dwarfing his 9-year-old bride, with three other family members. Editor’s markings in pencil, “3 col. / 1st [page or section?] / John’s 9 year old bride...Tue(sday).” Light purple wire service stamp. Descriptive leaf remnant, probably removed by platemaking department for handling; modern photocopy of caption from an archive accompanies. Retouching by newspaper artist to delineate hair and clothing outlines. Editorial handling, else good. • Acme Newspictures purple handstamp, 6 x 8, black and white. Complete caption leaf affixed to verso: “Questioned in Another Child-Wife Case - Ashland, Ky...,” 60- and 12-year-olds. “The girl said ‘her Mammy’ told her she was 14....” “Ref(erence) Dept.” dated handstamp. • Acme, Cleveland Bur(eau) purple handstamp, 5 ¹/2 x 8, black and white. Complete caption leaf affixed: “10-Year-Old Bride and Husband - Paintsville...in the backhills of Ky....” The 34- and 10-year olds to live in log cabin with her parents, two brothers, a sister, and “some in-laws.” “Ref. Dept.” dated handstamp. With photocopy of page 1 of period newspaper, Plattsburgh, N.Y., printing this very image with headline “Child Bride of Ten and her Mother Are Jailed.” Two Acmes very fine. The scandals provoked the low-budget but impactful 1938 motion picture “Child Bride,” its stars including Shirley Mills, later in “The Grapes of Wrath,” and Warner Richmond, his resume amassing over 140 films. $120-160 (3 pcs.)

33-1. Washington Portrait Piece.

“Washington & Independence / 1783” (actually believed c. 1820), large military bust. Copper, 1”. Engrailed edge. Point of bust close to “W.” Devices judged G4 (obverse) and G6 (reverse), lettering at least Fine. Uniform ebony-brown patina. Baker 4. $75-100

33-2. Andrew Jackson.

“Hard Times” token, issued to support 1834 Congressional campaigns, “Andrew Jackson / President,” with bust. On reverse: “Elected 1828 / Re-Elected A.D. 1832 / We Commemo(rate) the Glorious Victories of our Hero in War & in Peace.” Brass, plain edge, 27 mm. Obverse with smoothing of high points, imparting unusual mocha and dark chocolate dichotomy; reverse characteristically lightly struck at first three lines, but legible, and overall Very Good to Fine. Low 3, Rulau HT-5, DeWitt 1834-29. An example of this token was Lot 1 in the auction of the collection of celebrated major collector and noted author on subject, Benjamin Fauver, 2006. Rarity 3. $150-200

33-3. “The People’s Choice” – 1840.

“Maj. Genl. W.H. Harrison / Born Feb. 9, 1793,” looking left. Reverse with the less-common slogan, “The People’s Choice - The Hero of Tippecanoe,” flag flying from log cabin, with barrel of hard cider. ⁷/8”, gilded brass. Holed for suspension, as made by Scovill Mfg. Co., Waterbury, Conn. Some tarnish on devices, but retaining yellow tones and judged Very Good. An example in Smithsonian. $45-65

33-4. Martin Van Buren – Defeated in 1840.

“The Sober Second Thoughts of the People are O.K. / The Independan(t) Sub-Treasury - The Choice of the People.” In ribbon, “(J)ustice - Equality.” Strongbox (early safe). (Not the common tortoise variety.) 1”, copper. Three coat buttons and most curls of hair present; some legend worn, but judged net V.G. Uniform deep chocolate. No longer common. “The Panic of 1837 resulted in hoarding of coins in circulation...To fill the need for small change in circulation, a wide variety of copper tokens appeared...The number of well-worn Hard Times tokens is abundant proof of the status these pieces once enjoyed as a circulating medium of exchange”--Standard Catalog of Hard Times Tokens, Rulau. Low 56. Rulau 75. $50-65

33-5. Whig Presidential Campaign.

1844 token for Whig candidate “Henry Clay and the American System” with his flatteringly stylized Greco-Roman bust. Obverse: Kentucky’s motto “United We Stand” within laurel wreath (“We” lightly struck). Copper, 1”, beaded rim. Sculptor’s initials “IBC.” A three-time Presidential contender, this token from his last campaign. Some tortoise-shell mottling, ancient bits of debris between few beads, easily removed, else Fine details, with deep chocolate tone. HT-79. $60-85

33-6. 1852 “Gen. Frank Pierce” Token.

Bust facing right. Rev.: “For Pres. / Gen. Frank Pierce of New Hampshire / For Vice. Pres. William R. King of Alabama.” ¹⁵/16”, yellow brass. Engrailed edge. Small hole at 1 o’clock, as made. Made by Scovill Mfg. Co., Waterbury, Conn. Likely gentle old cleaning prior to about 1970, else judged EF 40 or better, the soft detail of his hair possibly as struck. Uncommon: “One of only two varieties of readily obtainable medals for this tough candidate...”--Heritage, Nov. 2004. An example in Smithsonian. No examples at archive.stacksbowers.com. Sullivan FP 1852-5. $75-100

33-7. Rare Constitutional-Union Token.

Appealing campaign token from 1860 Vice-Presidential bid of Edward Everett, on Constitutional-Union ticket. Obverse: bust of Washington, “Born Feb. 22, 1732.” Reverse: bust of Everett, best known for having delivered the much longer address on that fateful day at Gettysburg. “Born Apr. 11, 1794.” Everett served briefly as Senator, but because of his tolerance of slavery, was pressured by Boston abolitionists to resign. White metal, 31 mm (1 ³/16”). Muling by designer Joseph Merriam of Boston, signed within die both sides; the obverse was also used by Merriam to strike Civil War soldiers’ dogtags beginning 1861, and for his medal of Washington’s tomb. Few rim nicks, light charcoal patination typical of this metal, else with crisp detail, and judged about EF 40. Uncommon. Baker 214. Collins 178. Musante GW-322. Rulau & Fuld, p. 68. U.S. Tokens, 3rd ed., pp. 211, 528. $70-100

33-8. McClellan Campaign Token – 1864.

Charming token of Lincoln’s Presidential opponent, “1863 / Little Mack” with portrait in wreath on obverse. Reverse: “McClellan / Medal for One Cent.” ³/4” diam., copper, reeded edge. Holed (with characteristic northward, ovoid metal bulge). The 1864 race was one of the most conspicuous contests of that century. Only trivial wear to features of either side; softness of waves of hair probably as struck. High relief. Warm, almost art-copper tone, a few traces of sparks of luster on lettering under magnification. Judged about AU 55. A pleasing example. Sullivan-DeWitt 1864-31. $60-80

33-9. “Seymour & Blair / 1868” Jugate Medal.

Shown together, facing left. On reverse: “General Amnesty [for Confederates]. Uniform Currency. Equal Taxes. Equal Rights.” within wreath. Copper, 1”. Engrailed edge. Small hole for suspension. Made by Scovill Mfg. Co., Waterbury, Conn. High spots of Blair’s hair smoothed, undisturbed fob or lapel dust, else details at least Fine, the slogan on reverse in bold relief. Semi-matte milk chocolate. Now uncommon. An example in Smithsonian. No examples at archive.stacksbowers.com. $50-75

33-10. 1876 Rutherford B. Hayes - Wm. A. Wheeler Campaign Medalet.

“Rutherford B. Hayes / For President of the United States / America / Centennial 1876.” Rev.: “Wm. A. Wheeler / For Vice President....” Small “of the” variety. 1 ³/16”. Copper. Plain edge. Holed. Hayes in coat, Wheeler in jacket and tie; Dewitt references found only cite draped busts. Some rim dings and flares from use. Verigris on reverse only. Some smoothing of hair and detail, else pleasing reddish-cocoa toning, and judged Fine. Uncommon; only the draped bust varieties of this medal are found online. No variety in Charles McSorley Collection of 19th Century Political Campaign Tokens, sold 1997. $80-110

33-11. 1888 Benjamin Harrison Campaign.

Large bust facing left. Rev.: “Protection / No British Pauper Wages for / Americans,” with arm and hammer. ¹⁵/16”, brass. Probably mounted in a bezel suspended from pocketwatch or pendant; two chunks lacking along engrailed rim from 7:30 to 9 o’clock; holed at top as made, then fashioned into V-notch. Contact marks, but about VG 12, with deep coffee patina. Dewitt 1888-22. No examples at archive.stacksbowers.com. $40-50

33-12. Grover Cleveland.

Numismatic-quality medal, portrait facing right. Reverse: “Struck in commemoration of the visit of the President to the / United States Mint Exhibit / World’s Columbian Exposition / Chicago / May 1, 1893.” ¹⁵/16”, golden bronze. “Struck to commemorate Pres. Cleveland’s visit to World’s Columbian Exposition to open the festivities at the Fair on May 1, 1893. Cleveland made a speech, pushed a button and the famous Columbian Fountain started, and a huge American flag ran up a tall flagpole.”--numismata.com. Suggestion of gentle old cleaning, some subtle (and pleasing) frosting in reverse fields, else details lovely and judged AU 55. An interesting conversation piece, combining U.S. Mint standards for a one-day-only souvenir. A comparatively crude Cleveland token was also made for the Expo’s opening, as a general-circulation souvenir. Eglit 1. $70-90

33-13. Following F.D.R.’s First Victory.

Obscure post-F.D.R. victory medal: “Lucky Tillicum / Rebuild with Roosevelt,” with bust of Roosevelt facing left. Rev.: “Prosperity / Follow the Roosevelt Trail,” with “1933” in sunrays above map of U.S., the 48 states fairly well defined. 1”, probably nickel-plated copper. The N.Y. Times made mention of these “pocket pieces” on Oct. 7, 1932, noting “The word is from the Indian, signifying good luck...The slogan was fashioned by Col. Edward M. House,” an aide to Pres. Wilson. The medal has also been seen in brass with the Capitol Building on reverse. Some tiny carbon specks, few bits verdigris, else attractive semi-matte finish, and Extremely Fine. $25-35

33-14. F.D.R. Inaugural Medal – with Star of David.

Unusual privately-struck, with Judaica association: “Franklin D. Roosevelt / Mar. 4, 1933,” with rather idealized likeness facing right, eagle on draped flag below. Rev.: “Health - Wealth - Prosperity” encircling large Star of David, with Hebrew “Mazel” (“Good Luck”) within. 1 ¹/4”, bronze. Olive-mocha central halos both sides, probably from pocket handling by a “show-and-tell” admirer; these were reportedly given to attendees at a post-inaugural party. Minor contact marks, few verdigris spots, else about V.F. $20-30

33-15. (1960) Eisenhower-Nixon Campaign Medal.

Oversize Eisenhower-Nixon campaign medal, overlapped profiles of the duo with Lincoln, “A Profile of Integrity.” Rev.: “Your Country - Your Dollar - Vote Republican,” encirculing large eagle looking right. 1 ⁷/16”, flashy aluminum. Some fine bag marks, else eye-catching and at least MS 60. $20-25

34-1. “I am opposed to the elevation of any military chief to this highest office....”

Historic Letter Signed of Z(achary) Taylor, “Hd. Qrs., Army of Occupation,” Matamoros (Mexico), July 17, 1846, 2 pp., 7 ⁷/8 x 9 ³/4. Bold signature, with “Maj. Genl., U.S. Army” also in his hand. To kingmaker Col. James Watson Webb, N.Y.C. Address-leaf postal markings “P(oin)t Isabel [Taylor’s supply-line base on the Atlantic] / July 24,” ms. 10¢ rate. Docketed, presumed by Webb, whose newspaper, the Morning Courier & N.-Y. Enquirer - referred to by Taylor in this letter’s first sentence - boasted the largest daily circulation in America. So influential was Webb that he is credited with choosing the very name for a new national political party in 1834 – the Whigs. During the 1830s the Courier & Enquirer was “the largest and most powerful paper in the United States.”--Gotham: A History of N.Y.C. to 1898, by Burrows and Wallace, Oxford University Press. Taylor would become the last elected Whig President.

“I have had the pleasure to receive your letter...and the extracts from the Courier & Enquirer, for your able review of the battles, and warm commendations of the Army, for myself and in the name of the officers and men, I most truly thank you. It is fortunate that the Army in times when justice seems hidden has not only an able but a just advocate. Although, it has not been my pleasure to perfect a personal acquaintance with you, your talents and reputation are nevertheless not unknown to me. I agree perfectly with views you have expressed in your letter in relation to the uncalled for and ill-advised manner in which my name appears to have been brought before the public: at any time I am opposed most sincerely to have it used as being a candidate for the Presidency. But the agitation of the question at this period is particularly regretted by myself as tending while I am still prosecuting the war with Mexico to do me great injury in my military capacity and to cause me no little embarrassment in my efforts to bring it to a successful close. I shall devote my best energies to the vigorous prosecution of the war and hope not to disappoint the wishes of the nation in aiding with my best endeavors in the consummation of an early and honorable peace so much to be desired by all friends of the country. “You can well appreciate my honest and sincere wishes that an able statesman should be charged with the responsibilities of the chief magistracy, one who will give confidence at home and sustain the honor and reputation of the country abroad, For myself I must say most emphatically that I am opposed to the elevation of any military chief to this highest office in the gift of the people.

“As the movements of the Army may interest you, I will state that our forces now here on this immediate frontier is in regular troops about 3,500, in volunteers about 11,000. Some 4 or 5,000 of the latter are of the 12-month quotas. Eight or nine steamers are now engaged upon the river, principally in transporting a part of the regular forces and heavy supplies to Camargo where my main depot is being established. That is now probably in the possession of the 7th Infantry commanded by Capt. Miles, and the 5th Inf. under Maj. Stanford is also enroute for the same point. In a week at the farthest I hope to leave for Camargo, whence on the arrival of a sufficient force, say 5 or 6,000 men, I shall move upon Monterey without waiting the arrival of the remainder. The force at Monterey is small and though they appear to be at work fortifying, it is upon a small scale, such as will prove no obstacle to the capture of that city. We have no intelligence from the interior. The main force of the enemy on this side of the mountains is at Linares, amounting to about 1,000.”

Not long before, the Virginia-born, Louisiana-residing Taylor had been a surprisingly obscure officer, “a man with no political past or future” (--Credit: Stack’s Bowers). When Texas declared statehood in 1845, war followed, and Taylor and his troops “were at the tip of the spear.” On consecutive days in May 1846, he handily won the battles of Palo Alto and Reseca de la Palma, on what became American soil near Brownsville, Texas. More victories followed, and with the battle of Buena Vista in Feb. 1847, he found himself a national hero.

By the time a truce was declared in 1848, Taylor was being romanced by both the Democrats and Whigs, as their candidate for the Presidency. Earlier newspaper coverage by James Webb, Taylor’s recipient of this letter, “is credited with enlarging the reputation” of Clay, Calhoun, and Daniel Webster “into key figures of the...antebellum period...and eventually to their reputation as members of the Great Triumvirate”--wikipedia. Ultimately, Taylor became the first President who had never served in prior political office - nor, by his own account, had he even cast a vote for a Presidential candidate! In another first, Nov. 7, 1848 was the first time the entire nation voted on the same day. His term was cut short in 1850 but his military demeanor in the office yielded an indisputable result: his Feb. 1850 “stormy conference with southern leaders who threatened secession. He told them that if necessary, to enforce the laws, he personally would lead the Army. Persons ‘taken in rebellion against the Union, he would hang...with less reluctance than he had hanged deserters and spies in Mexico.’ He never wavered...”--White House Historical Association, at whitehouse.gov.... This may have forestalled the Civil War by a decade. Together with his insistence on California and New Mexico proceeding directly to statehood, bypassing the territorial stage, he allowed prohibition of slavery to be written into their brand-new state constitutions. While infuriating the South (though a slaveowner himself), Taylor ran his administration “in the same rule-of-thumb fashion with which he had fought Indians....”--White House Historical Association.

Penned in khaki-tan, the ink perhaps diluted by his clerk in the field, but sufficiently legible to enable a complete transcription. Right half with old dampstaining, rendering the robin’s-egg-blue paper pale yellow. Because the address panel is lightest, it is judged that the moisture was incurred during its postal journey of several weeks. In all, good. In folder of prominent philatelic dealer Robert Kaufmann, roughly 1988; off market since. The letter offers among the best expressions by Taylor of his views of and ambivalent aspirations for the Presidency – and reveals a telling link in his road to the White House. Had he been able to complete his term, his fearless demeanor - “not inclined to be a puppet of Whig leaders in Congress” - may have changed the course of history. $5500-8000

3000. Webster’s Biographical Dictionary.

Older edition of this long-out-of-print standard, with some 40,000 U.S. and foreign entries from all periods of history, ancient to Twentieth Century. Over 1,600 pp., cloth, d.j., with multiple reference indices. An invaluable work -- we use our desk copy many times each day. We have collected used copies:

3001. Webster’s Geographical Dictionary.

Older edition of this out-of-print classic. Over 47,000 places, 218 maps, 15,000 cross-references, 1,370 pp., cloth, d.j. Including alternate and former place-names, and foreign-language variants. In addition to countries of the world and cities, in many cases natural features, populations, sizes, and economic and historical information is provided (albeit as of publication date). An essential reference tool for home, office, school or library. Clean, lightly used copies; may have minor ex-lib marks and d.j. wear, else internally very good. $26.00

3002. Generals in Blue.

Warner’s companion to Generals in Gray, this work his classic reference to some 583 Union Generals. Photograph and biography of each officer. Including invaluable listing of the 1,367 additional Union General Officers who never held full rank. 680 pp., cloth, d.j. Very fine. $39.50

3003. Generals in Gray.

The classic reference on 425 Confederate Generals, with photograph and biography of each. 420 pp., cloth, d.j., appendix of battles. Many of the photographs are from private sources, heretofore little-known. One of the foundational volumes of any Civil War library. V.F. $32.50

3004. More Generals in Gray.

A newer reference work, by Bruce S. Allardice, and adjunct to Warner’s original Generals in Gray. Containing 137 additional Confederate Generals unlisted in Warner’s book. 425 pp., illus., cloth. New. $29.95. • Also, softcover. New. $23.95

3005. Autographs of the Confederacy.

Limited Edition of autograph examples of the men who led the South. Nearly 600 high quality photographic reproductions, 200-screen halftones. Printed on acid-free paper, bound in library-quality bookcloth, French marbled endpapers, silk ribbon placemark. Nested limitation leaf autographed by Robert E. Lee, IV (great-grandson of R.E. Lee), William Wirt Allen, III (great-grandson of C.S.A. Gen. William Wirt Allen), and compiler Michael Reese II. With today’s prices for Confederate autographs, this pictorial reference can pay for itself in short order. The original - and definitive - work on the subject. Copies reside in the libraries of many descendants of the Generals of the Confederacy whose autographs are pictured within. Published by us in 1981, now long O.P. Supply now very limited. Mint. $129.00

3006. Autographs c. 1870.

Older quality reprint (by ourselves) of autograph catalogue of Charles Burns, Wall St., N.Y. Possibly the earliest autograph pricelist extant: Said to be the first - and only - autograph dealer in America in his day. 5 ¹/4 x 8 ¹/4, 8 pp. plus cover. Describing and pricing several hundred offerings, all at now-bargain prices (Audubon A.L.S. 2.50, Jeff Davis 1.00, John Hancock 6.00, Patrick Henry A.L.S. 10.00). With copy of 1922 article about Burns by Walter R. Benjamin. As new. $5.00

3007. Biographical Reference of The Bronx.

They Were Here: Some Bronxites Who Have Achieved. Unique, O.P. reference, listing distinguished Bronxites in every field of endeavor, from colonial times to the present: Nobelists, authors, musicians, artists, clergy, public officials, educators, scientists, doctors, businessmen, industrialists, athletes, and others. Including years of birth and death, brief biographical information, and neighborhood where they lived, where available. Second Revised (and final) Edition, 1986, published by Bronx Society of Science and Letters, long defunct. (xiii) + 101 pp., 2 plates, 6 x 9 ¹/4. Doublethick cover. Genuine vegetable parchment overwrap toned, else new. $29.00

3008. Motoring in America - The Early Years.

Frank Oppel, Editor. Castle Books, 1989. A delightful ensemble of 48 articles appearing between 1900-1910, each on a different motoring subject, from steam to gas to electrics, from racing to touring to shows, and much more. Including: “The Detroit Races” (1901), “The Automobile Show” (1901), “Motor Farm-Truck Delivery” (1902), and more. 6 ³/4 x 9 ¹/2, 476 pp., hard cover, colorful d.j., hundreds of black and white illustrations, black on cream text. Articles faithfully reprinted from originals, hence varying typestyles and formats within this thick volume. A splendid reference work, rich in the lore of the horseless carriage in the first decade of the century. Trivial d.j. edge blemishes from bindery, else New Old Stock, O.P., and unread. $9.75

3009. Imported Car Spotter’s Guide.

A unique automotive pictorial reference work, by Tad Burness. Over 2,000 illus. of 83 makes, from 11 countries. From Allard to Wartburg, Alfa Romeo to Volvo. Pub. 1979, 8 ¹/2 x 9 ¹/2, 359 pp., soft cover. Showing imported cars starting with their first appearance in American showrooms, variously 1940s to 1970s. Some wear, else V.G. Now very scarce. $42.50

3010. American Car Spotter’s Guide, 1920-1939.

Pictorial reference work, by Tad Burness. Over 2,600 illus. of 217 makes. From Ace and American Steamer, to Winton and Yellow Cab. Pub. 1975. 8 ¹/2 x 9 ¹/2. 286 pp. + appendix, soft cover. Some wear, else very good. Now scarce. $21.95

3011. American Truck Spotter’s Guide, 1920-1970.

Pictorial reference work, by Tad Burness. Over 2,000 illus. of 170 makes. From All-American and Acme, to Ward Electric and Yellow-Knight. Pub. 1978. 8 ¹/2 x 9 ¹/2, 328 pp. + appendix, soft cover. Some wear, else very good. Now scarce. $21.50

3012. Austin-Healey 1952-1968.

By McLavin & Tipping. This colorful celebration of the Big Healeys features the 100/4, 100/6 and 3000, as well as competition cars. Softbound, 8 ¹/5 x 9, 128 pp., 120 color photos. Long O.P. New Old Stock. $12.75

3013. Motorcycles in Magazines, 1895-1983.

Unique, scholarly work, providing exhaustive citations of magazines, with dates and page numbers, where articles about specific motorcycles appeared. By Richard Christensen. 5 ¹/2 x 8 ³/4, 342 pp., 3 indices, 9 charming full-p. pen-and-ink illus., silver-stamped black cloth. 1985. Including American and foreign makes, well-known to obscure, antique to modern, scooters to heavy bikes. Available nowhere else, and now out-of-print, to duplicate this information would require untold thousands of hours in specialized libraries, combing magazines page by page. With cataloguing of 2,503 motorcycle tests, impressions, descriptions, model announcements, race and competition reports, and more. Coverage especially strong for 1960’s-1983. N.O.S., unread. $17.00